Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Circadian rhythm is a natural endogenous process occurring roughly every 24 hours. Circadian rhythm dysfunction is involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR) pathogenesis. Interestingly, there are investigational drugs that exhibit potential in the treatment of DR by targeting circadian rhythm dysfunction. AREAS COVERED:We performed a literature search in June 2020 using PubMed's Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms 'circadian clock,' 'circadian rhythms,' and 'diabetic retinopathy.' This article offers an overview of the physiology of the biological clock and clock regulatory genes and presents an examination of the retinal clock. It discusses the pathogenic mechanisms of DR and emphasizes how circadian rhythm dysfunction at structural, physiological, metabolic and cellular levels, plays a critical role in the development of DR. The latter part of the paper sheds light on those investigational drugs (such as melatonin, tasimelteon and metformin) which exhibit potential in the treatment of DR by the targeting of circadian rhythm dysfunction. EXPERT OPINION:An enhanced understanding of circadian rhythm and its role in DR could offer therapeutic potential by targeting of circadian rhythm dysfunction.
journal_name
Expert Opin Investig Drugsjournal_title
Expert opinion on investigational drugsauthors
Bhatwadekar AD,Rameswara Vdoi
10.1080/13543784.2020.1842872subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-01 00:00:00pages
1431-1442issue
12eissn
1354-3784issn
1744-7658journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The management of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has changed dramatically over the last two decades, with the addition of fibrinolytic agents and primary coronary intervention (PCI). The more recent development of the glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa antagonists, a new class of potent antiplatelet drugs, has the potentia...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.10.11.1965
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Polidocanol is a liquid surfactant having endothelial cell lytic properties. In the form of a controlled, dispensed microfoam it is administered endovenously as a sclerosing agent in the treatment of varicose veins. OBJECTIVE:This review summarizes efficacy of polidocanol endovenous microfoam sclerotherapy ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543780903376163
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:With 170 million people infected worldwide and an inadequate current standard of care, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection represents a major unmet medical need. Multiple companies are working on the discovery and development of specific HCV antiviral drugs, including inhibitors of HCV polymerase, protease and...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.17.3.303
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::All of the glucose-lowering agents available today for the treatment of diabetes resulted from the in vivo antidiabetic drug discovery approach. This is not surprising given the limited understanding of the biochemical basis of diabetes. With new developments in the elucidation of the biochemistry and physiology of di...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.7.6.987
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a dismal prognosis. With the emergence of monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), several drugs were developed and tested in HNSCC. To date, the monoclonal...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2016.1177022
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Inhaled corticosteroids are the only drugs that effectively suppress the airway inflammation, but they can induce considerable systemic and adverse effects when they are administered chronically at high doses. Consequently, the pharmaceutical industry is still searching for newer entities with an improved ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2015.1078310
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs pub_type: 杂志文章,评审 doi:10.1517/13543780903286396 更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:The evolution of targeted therapies is dependent upon identification of cellular moieties that can be pharmacologically modulated. As one such example, the serine-threonine kinase Akt was identified nearly two decades ago. Since then, its role in mediating multiple signaling cascades (ultimately...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2010.520701
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:EGFR has been implicated in various malignancies such as NSCLC, breast, head and neck, and pancreatic cancer. Numerous drugs have been developed in order to target the tyrosine domain of EGFR as an approach in cancer treatment. AREAS COVERED:This article focuses on the different generations of EGFR tyrosi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2014.928283
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Today, propofol or 2,6-diisopropylphenol is the anesthetic mainly used for monitored anesthetic care sedation and during intravenous anesthesia. The formulation, a lipid macroemulsion, shows several disadvantages. Therefore, during the past years considerable scientific effort has been undertaken to find eit...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543780903193063
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psoriasis is a chronic skin disorder characterised by inflammation producing red, thickened areas with a flaky white build-up. Efalizumab is a humanised monoclonal IgG1 antibody that inhibits the binding of T lymphocytes to endothelial cells and their subsequent migration. In patients suffering from plaque psoriasis, ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.13.5.551
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Curcumin has been investigated in preclinical and translational stroke models because of its pleiotropic 'neuroprotective' activities. Since curcumin has poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration following acute administration, creative medicinal chemistry has been used to modify the parent cur...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2011.542410
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pompholyx is a chronic relapsing inflammatory vesicobullous skin disease of the hands and feet belonging to the spectrum of eczema. Established treatments, both topical and systemic, are limited in efficacy, risk:benefit ratio and prevention of further relapses. New treatment options are needed. OBJECTIVE:T...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.17.6.897
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Serious infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, particularly multi-drug resistant, are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in patients admitted to intensive care units. Thus, new antibiotics covering these pathogens are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE:To review characteristics of telavancin, a nov...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543780902845630
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in persons with high-risk conditions needs to be improved. In this paper, the authors review various vaccination strategies, including repeated doses of the vaccine or the use of higher hemagglutinin (HA) content vaccines that have been shown to result in improved immunogenicity....
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.7.927
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::COPD is a chronic disease of the lung that is characterised by decreased air flow and associated abnormal inflammatory responses of the lungs. A total of 80% of COPD incidences are observed in patients with history of smoking tobacco. The chronic condition of COPD is characterised by airway remodelling, which leads to...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.7.1069
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The topics discussed at this conference covered many aspects of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases, from the search of new therapeutic targets and evaluation of new diagnostic techniques to preclinical and clinical development of novel therapies. This contribution focuses pri...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type:
doi:10.1517/13543784.12.10.1713
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory auto-immune disease that can lead to permanent disability and deformity. Despite current treatment modalities, many patients are still unable to reach remission. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK-4) inhibitors are novel agents designed to s...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1752660
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is a chronic, debilitating disease that afflicts millions of people worldwide and poor glycemic control in this disease leads to numerous microvascular and macrovascular complications. There is growing evidence that tight glycemic control prevents the development, and delays the progression, of microvascular ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.10.1673
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review highlights some important advances that have taken place in cannabinoid research over the last four years. It focuses on novel ligands that are of interest either as experimental tools or as lead compounds for therapeutic agents and possible clinical applications for some of these ligands. The molecular ta...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.9.7.1553
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The principal components of the asthmatic response are airways hyper-responsiveness, persistent inflammation and mucus hypersecretion. Although these components are inter-related, any of these can predominate at different times and for different patients and each requires a different approach to therapy. As a result o...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.6.889
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review focuses on the clinical development of the prototype broad spectrum inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), flavopiridol, now undergoing Phase II single-agent trials and Phase I combination trials (with paclitaxel and cisplatin). Preclinically, flavopiridol is a potent inhibitor of CDKs 1, 2 and 4 in...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.9.12.2903
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The current standard treatment in persons with hemophilia (PWH) is prophylaxis, given intravenously twice or thrice weekly, which is associated with a non negligible burden on patients' quality of life. Therefore the main attempts aiming to improve the management of PWH are targeted towards the development...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2013.798302
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506) is a novel, orally active, diphenylurea multikinase inhibitor of VEGFR1-3, c-KIT, TIE-2, PDGFR-β, FGFR-1, RET, RAF-1, BRAF and p38 MAP kinase. AREAS COVERED:This review covers the preclinical development of regorafenib as well as the pivotal Phase I studies. The safety profile of...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2012.684752
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent, chronic and disabling anxiety disorder that may develop following exposure to a traumatic event. There is currently no effective pharmacotherapy for PTSD and therefore the discovery of novel, evidence-based treatments is particularly important. This revi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2015.1020109
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) incidence in the United States increases with age. Given the progressive ageing of the general population, incidence of these diseases is likely to continue to rise in the future. There is an acute need for therapeutic developments ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543781003801076
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Due to improvements in our understanding of the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), several target drugs have been and are being developed. One of the possible targets in SLE is co-stimulation between antigen-presenting cells and T cells. Abatacept is a co-stimulation moderator approved for...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.2016.1154943
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The annual meeting of the American Diabetes Association was held in Boston, MA. There were over 6500 participants, one-third from overseas, and 1103 papers were presented. Abstracts from the meeting have been published, from which abstract numbers are given below, e.g., (A141). Considerable progress has been made in u...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/13543784.6.8.1113
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. Knee OA is associated with joint pain, activity limitation, physical disability, reduced health-related quality of life, and increased mortality. To date, all pharmacologic treatments for OA are directed toward pain management. Lorecivivint (LOR) ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13543784.2020.1842357
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aripiprazole has made a significant contribution to the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders with an improved safety and tolerability profile, which has been attributed to its unique pharmacological profile. It has been claimed that partial agonism of the dopamine D(2) and 5-HT(1A) receptors and antagonism...
journal_title:Expert opinion on investigational drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/13543784.16.6.771
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00