Abstract：
:This study investigates the aqueous degradation by ozone of two target cytostatic drugs, cyclophosphamide and methotrexate. A column switching technique for on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled to electro-spray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was used for the simultaneous detection of the trace contaminants. The second-order kinetic rate constants for the reaction of cyclophosphamide with molecular ozone and hydroxyl radicals were determined in bench-scale experiments at pH 8.10. The molecular ozone oxidation kinetics was studied in buffered ultrapure water and compared to the oxidation kinetics in natural water from a municipal drinking water treatment plant in the province of Quebec (Canada). For cyclophosphamide, the degradation rate constant with molecular ozone in ultrapure water was low (k(O3)=3.3+/-0.2M(-1)s(-1)) and the extent of oxidation was linearly correlated to the ozone exposure. The impact of water quality matrix on oxidation efficacy was not significant during direct ozone reaction (k(O3) =2.9+/-0.3M(-1)s(-1)). The rate constant with hydroxyl radicals was higher at 2.0 x 10(9) M(-1)s(-1). Methotrexate reacted quickly with molecular ozone at dosages typically applied in drinking water treatment (k(O3)>3.6 x 10(3)M(-1)s(-1)). Overall, the results confirmed that organic compounds reactivity with ozone was dependent of their chemical structure. Ozone was very effective against methotrexate but high oxidant concentration x contact time (CT) values were required to completely remove cyclophosphamide from drinking water. Further studies should be conducted in order to identify the ozonation by-products and explore the impact of ozone on their degradation and toxicity.
journal_name
Chemospherejournal_title
Chemosphereauthors
Garcia-Ac A,Broséus R,Vincent S,Barbeau B,Prévost M,Sauvé Sdoi
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.03.032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-05-01 00:00:00pages
1056-63issue
11eissn
0045-6535issn
1879-1298pii
S0045-6535(10)00346-2journal_volume
79pub_type
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