Abstract:
AIMS:The purpose of this study was to describe the distal pathway of the dorsal nerve of the clitoris (DNC) from gross anatomical and histological studies of cadaver specimens. METHODS:We performed dissections on 14 intact adult cadaver vulva specimens using 2× loupe magnification and microscopy. The DNC was identified by gross dissection and confirmed histologically by staining with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome (MT), and S100 antibody. The DNC pathway and its branches were followed from the pubic rami to the glans clitoris. RESULTS:The DNC travels inferior to the inferior pubic ramus along the superior/posterior edge of the clitoral crus. At the angle of the clitoral body, inferior to the pubic symphysis, the DNC enters the deep component of the suspensory ligament, which attaches to the clitoral body and to the pubic symphysis. The dorsal nerves, at the angle of the clitoral body, travel along the dorsal aspect of the clitoral body at the 11 and 1 o'clock positions. At the base of the clitoral body, the DNC is suspended superiorly away from the tunica. Distally along the clitoral body, the DNC descends and runs along the tunica and enters the glans. Within the glans, the terminal fibers are widely dispersed, and numerous receptors populate the supporting tissue of the glans beneath the epithelium. CONCLUSIONS:The detailed description of the distal course of the nerve presented here has not been previously described in adult humans and is pertinent for surgical procedures involving the clitoris.
journal_name
Neurourol Urodynjournal_title
Neurourology and urodynamicsauthors
Ginger VA,Cold CJ,Yang CCdoi
10.1002/nau.20996subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-03-01 00:00:00pages
412-6issue
3eissn
0733-2467issn
1520-6777journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) represents a group of pain symptoms relating to patients with pelvic pain for which treatment is largely unsatisfactory. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of a novel treatment strategy in males suffering from UCPPS. METHODS:This retrospec...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.24242
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine the importance and contribution of compliance in a pelvic muscle exercise program as a factor in reducing the severity of urinary stress incontinence amongst Chinese women. METHODS:Two hundred fourteen women presenting with urinary stress incontinence who agreed to undertake a program of pelvic muscle...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.10110
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of lower urinary tract (LUT) symptoms increases with age but the etiology is unknown. This article aims to identify research directions that clarify the basis of this association. The initial question is whether biological age is the variable of interest or a time-dependent accumulation of factors that ...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nau.23035
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:This article aims to identify quality control (QC) best practice, to review published QC audits in order to identify how closely good practice is followed, and to carry out a market survey of the software features that support QC offered by urodynamics machines available in the UK. METHODS AND RESULTS:All UK dist...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nau.21133
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We investigated the relative important role of rho kinase (ROK) and protein kinase C (PKC) pathways in carbachol (CCh)-induced Ca(2+) sensitization in α-toxin permeabilized Guinea pig detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) following bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). METHODS:Bladder outlet obstruction was created by placeme...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.21193
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in the aging population. LUTS cause profoundly negative impacts on their quality of life. Pathophysiology of LUTS is multifactorial, and recently, bladder ischemia and metabolic syndrome have been suggested as etiological factors. To evaluate chronic hyperlipidemia on...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.20843
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of mirabegron, a β3-adrenoceptor agonist, and imidafenacin, an anticholinergic agent, in overactive bladder patients. METHODS:We conducted a multicenter, prospective randomized cross-over study at 5 hospitals in Japan from December 2012 to June 2015. We enrolled female ...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/nau.23050
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Urgency is a key symptom in the diagnosis of overactive bladder (OAB), yet its definition and measurement are subject to continuing debate whether urinary urgency is a pathologic sensation or an intensification of normal desire to pass urine. The objective of this research was to explore the concept of urgency amo...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.21242
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:This study examined test-retest reliability of four patient-reported outcome measures for patients with overactive bladder (OAB): Overactive Bladder Questionnaire (OAB-q), Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC), Urgency Questionnaire (UQ), and Primary OAB Symptom Questionnaire (POSQ). METHODS:Patients rec...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.20110
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In clinical practice and in research patient-centred outcomes are often utilised to help improve communication between patients and clinicians and to help manage expectations from treatment. However, many of these goals are generic and do not adequately capture the details of day to day life that bother pa...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/nau.23094
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This review will highlight appropriate animal models for the study of a number of disorders involving changes to lower urinary tract function. A major hurdle to the development of animal models for human lower urinary tract disorders is that the clinical pathophysiology of the latter mostly remain idiopathic. Acute in...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nau.20903
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The experiences and information needs of clinicians who use pelvic floor muscle training to manage urinary incontinence were explored. METHODS:Qualitative methods were used to conduct thematic analysis of data collected from clinician focus groups and interviews. Participants were registered physiotherapists and ...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.23716
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Measurements such as the minimal levator hiatus dimension, levator plate angle, iliococcygeal angle, and anorectal angle have been used for assessing the impact of levator damage on static and dynamic imaging features. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association between levator ani muscle defi...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.22509
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Given the relative frequency of lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) after major pelvic surgery, the main question for this debate is: "Should we [actively] screen for LUTD after major pelvic surgery," with the intention to treat and improve patient care. METHODS:The discussants selected relevant papers from a ...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nau.22218
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We determined if THC-002, a galenical produced from Ba-Wei-Die-Huang-Wan, could increase skin temperature and inhibit detrusor overactivity induced by sudden whole body cooling. Further, we determined if THC-002 could decrease expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) channels associated with...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.22335
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Chronic inflammation has been implicated in the development of overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). An elevation of C-reactive protein (CRP) has been associated with chronic inflammation and lower urinary tract symptoms. This study aims to elucidate the association bet...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.20938
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim was to assess complications of urinary incontinence (UI) for women who had a hospital contact within 30 days and to evaluate the conventional method of classifying complications vs grading complications into the Clavien-Dindo classification (CDC) system. METHODS:A historical cohort study based on a nation...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.24244
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To provide a clinical view and interpretation on the methods for analysis of incontinence in patients with overactive bladder. METHODS:Results are analyzed using the total number of incontinence episodes in a 3-day diary period, using fixed and random effect Poisson regression models to calculate ratio of event r...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/nau.22787
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a chronic disease, which is difficult to treat. Patients usually seek for new therapies and might not follow-up regularly. This study investigated long-term symptom changes in patients with IC/BPS, especially in those who were lost to follow-up. METHODS:We e...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.24104
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to determine to what extent adult rats can produce new contracting bladder muscle and to see if such newly formed bladder tissue possesses characteristic mechanical properties or whether the ability to recover mechanically is so pronounced that the prehistory of the bladder is unimport...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.1020
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the effect of the bladder sensation grade on uroflowmetry parameters. METHODS:Fifty healthy volunteering young men were enrolled in the present study. In total, three uroflowmetry evaluations were made. Qmax , Qave , VV, and PVR urine was obtained three times in three described bladder sensation gr...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.22762
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study is to report the functional results, patient satisfaction, and morbidity of the Transobturator tape procedure (TOT) in the treatment of stress incontinence (SUI). METHODS:One hundred and thirty patients were prospectively evaluated with history, physical examination, quality of life question...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.20353
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Although several stimulation techniques are available to elicit sacral reflexes, no comparative data on their utility has been published. The aim of the present study was to determine the most sensitive stimulation technique used for neurophysiologic recording of the penilo-cavernosus reflex. METHODS:Neurophysiol...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.20474
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We sought to determine whether somatic lumbar nerve transfer to the pelvic nerve's anterior vesical branch after sacral decentralization for detrusor muscle reinnervation also leads to aberrant innervation of the bladder outlet. METHODS:Twenty-six female mongrel hound dogs underwent transection of sacral dorsal a...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.24217
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modern era of patient-centered, multidisciplinary professional practice comes with the expectation of effective interaction between specialties dealing with closely related clinical areas. Interaction between adult and pediatric urology is generally limited in terms of training, conferences, and joint diagnostic/t...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nau.22215
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Striated muscles of continence appear to exhibit marked fatigue during voluntary efforts. This is counterintuitive considering the high proportion of slow twitch muscle fibers. One explanation is that fatigue is due to central, rather than peripheral mechanisms. Here we examined the contribution of reduced volunta...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/nau.21162
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to evaluate whether passive urethral resistance, detrusor internal work, and detrusor external work are independent measures of the voiding process. Passive urethral resistance, detrusor internal work, detrusor external work, and detrusor total work of 5 canines were determined under nonobstru...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6777(1996)15:5<529::AID-NAU9>3.
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To estimate the frequency of double incontinence, and to identify associated risk factors during pregnancy and postpartum in previously continent nulliparous women. METHODS:A cohort study in healthy, nulliparous, continent pregnant women, attending the public healthcare system of Catalonia (Spain) was designed. T...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.22249
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To evaluate whether bladder outlet obstruction index (BOOI), a mathematical index of outlet resistance, in association with maximal flow rate (Qmax) obtained during multichannel urodynamics (UDS) or detrusor pressure at maximal flow rate (PdetQmax) could help the identification of obstruction in women. METHODS:Fr...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/nau.20375
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The use of electrotherapeutics to improve filling and emptying dysfunction of the adult bladder has been well established, however the practice in children is less well known. The purpose of this review is to summarize the rationale behind the use of electro neuromodulation in children, examine the reported effica...
journal_title:Neurourology and urodynamics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/nau.10171
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00