Abstract:
:The present study assessed and compared the oxidative and reductive biotransformation of brominated flame retardants, including established polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and emerging decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) using an in vitro system based on liver microsomes from various arctic marine-feeding mammals: polar bear (Ursus maritimus), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), and ringed seal (Pusa hispida), and in laboratory rat as a mammalian model species. Greater depletion of fully brominated BDE209 (14-25% of 30 pmol) and DBDPE (44-74% of 90 pmol) occurred in individuals from all species relative to depletion of lower brominated PBDEs (BDEs 99, 100, and 154; 0-3% of 30 pmol). No evidence of simply debrominated metabolites was observed. Investigation of phenolic metabolites in rat and polar bear revealed formation of two phenolic, likely multiply debrominated, DBDPE metabolites in polar bear and one phenolic BDE154 metabolite in polar bear and rat microsomes. For BDE209 and DBDPE, observed metabolite concentrations were low to nondetectable, despite substantial parent depletion. These findings suggested possible underestimation of the ecosystem burden of total-BDE209, as well as its transformation products, and a need for research to identify and characterize the persistence and toxicity of major BDE209 metabolites. Similar cause for concern may exist regarding DBDPE, given similarities of physicochemical and environmental behavior to BDE209, current evidence of biotransformation, and increasing use of DBDPE as a replacement for BDE209.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
McKinney MA,Dietz R,Sonne C,De Guise S,Skirnisson K,Karlsson K,Steingrímsson E,Letcher RJdoi
10.1002/etc.535subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-07-01 00:00:00pages
1506-14issue
7eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Sublethal test methods are being used with increasing frequency to measure sediment toxicity, but little is known about the relative sensitivity of these tests compared to the more commonly used acute tests. The present study was conducted to compare the sensitivity of several acute and sublethal methods and to invest...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/07-285.1
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Halogenated derivatives of nonylphenol and of its alkylates are generated during drinking water disinfection and treatment procedures. In this paper we analyze the potential of these compounds to interact with the estrogen receptor and to activate hormone-regulated gene promoters. We used the recombinant yeast assay (...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/03-141
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The desorption behavior of benzidine from Lake Macatawa (Holland, MI, USA) sediment was investigated in this study using batch solvent extraction method. Seven solvents were tested as the extracting reagents: Deionized water (DI), calcium chloride in DI (CaCl2), sodium hydroxide in DI (NaOH), acetonitrile (ACN), a mix...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/05-017r.1
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that the interactions between chemicals and climatic stressors can lead to synergistically increased mortality. In the present study, we investigated the effect of seven common environmental contaminants on survival at -6 and 15°C as well as on reproduction at 15°C in the earthworm Dendroba...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/09-078.1
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors investigated the individual effects of Ca(2+) and Na(+) on the bioaccumulation of 6 types of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), including perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), and perf...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.2823
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The estrogenic activity of the effluent from three municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Nanjing, China, was investigated. The water samples were enriched by solid-phase extraction and then eluted with different polar solvents, which gave 11 fractionated extracts. Chemical analysis and a vitellogenin (Vtg) ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.155
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Cache Slough complex is an area of tidal sloughs in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta of California (USA), and is surrounding by irrigated agricultural lands. Among the species of concern in the area is the delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), a federally listed threatened species. Releases of the organoph...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.2512
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tangshan city in Hebei Province is one of the most heavily polluted cities in China, with substantial industrial emissions. The development of effective air pollution emission reduction policies requires knowledge of the sources and health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-enriched fine particulate matter...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.4618
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We quantified the uncertainty due to biota-related parameters in estimated bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of persistent organic pollutants for fish through Monte Carlo simulations. For this purpose, the bioaccumulation model OMEGA (Optimal Modeling for EcotoxicoloGical Applications) was parameterized based on data fro...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.393
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aerial spray prediction model AgDRIFT embodies the computational engine found in the near-wake Lagrangian model AGricultural DISPersal (AGDISP) but with several important features added that improve the speed and accuracy of its predictions. This article summarizes those changes, describes the overall analytical a...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/1551-5028(2002)021<0659:aamfen>2.0.co;2
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine waters have been poorly investigated for the occurrence of pharmaceutical contamination. Recent data confirm that pharmaceuticals occur widely in marine and coastal environments; therefore, assessment of potential risk to marine species needs further efforts. The present study represents the first extensive rev...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/etc.3131
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aims at investigating the effects of Zn, Ca, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the waterborne Cd bioaccumulation of a freshwater bivalve (Dreissena polymorpha). Mussels were exposed for 48 h at 3 µg/L of Cd in different media. Their physiological activities were assessed by separately measuring t...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.287
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current regulation of metals in soils is based on total metal concentrations rather than on actual exposure concentrations. Considering the extreme variation in soil physicochemical properties, total concentrations are not reflective of the availability and resultant toxicity of metals in different soils. In this stud...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insectivorous passerines often bioaccumulate polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) via trophic transfer processes. Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) frequently are used for estimating PCB bioaccumulation, yet the focus on specific trophic links between contaminated sediment and bird has been limited. Bioaccumulation of P...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/05-309r.1
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In some kinetic studies with aquatic invertebrates, the bioaccumulation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been observed to peak at the beginning of the test. This has been explained by the depletion of PAHs from pore water due to limited desorption during the bioaccumulation test or, alternatively, by the activa...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/01-171.1
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicokinetics describe the time course of xenobiotics in an exposed organism. The steady state concentration of the xenobiotic is a characteristic of frequent concern, often summarized in terms of bioaccumulation factors (BAFs). Two experimental protocols are commonly used when estimating BAFs: a continuous exposure ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phthalic acid esters are frequently detected in aquatic environments. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to low concentrations (0 µg/L, 0.46 µg/L, 4.0 µg/L, and 37.5 µg/L) of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) for 81 d, and the effects on reproduction, gamete quality, plasma vitellogenin (VTG), sex steroid...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3369
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of salinity, gender, and development on the acute toxicity of aldicarb were examined in the euryhaline fish, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). The 96-h median lethal concentrations (LC50s) at 1.5 parts per thousand (per thousand) salinity were not significantly different between adults and juveniles but l...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the biomagnification potential as well as the substance and tissue-specific distribution of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in market-size rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout with an average body weight of 314 ± 21 g were exposed to perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perf...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.2279
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Embryonic zebrafish were used to compare the uptake and metabolism of six polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners (BDEs 28, 47, 99, 100, 153, and 183) and identified metabolites from static exposures at 24 and 120 h postfertilization (hpf). An inverse relationship was observed between uptake of PBDEs and their ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.2163
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The reproductive biology of amphipods is reviewed to update the knowledge of the male and female reproductive processes of oogenesis and spermatogenesis as well as the endocrine systems of amphipods with the aim of advancing studies of reproductive toxicology. The ovarian and reproduction cycles of female gammaridean ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/etc.673
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marine sediments accumulate a variety of contaminants and, in some cases, demonstrate toxicity because of this contamination. Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) methods provide tools for identifying the toxic chemicals causing sediment toxicity. Currently, whole-sediment TIE methods are not available for anionic...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/06-014r.1
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A combination of forward and reverse heteronuclear ((19)F/(1)H) saturation transfer difference (STD) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques were applied to characterize the noncovalent interactions between perfluorinated aromatic xenobiotics and dissolved humic acid. These NMR techniques produce det...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.560
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chemical ultraviolet (UV) filter benzophenone-3 (BP-3) is suspected to be an endocrine disruptor based on results from in vitro and in vivo testing. However, studies including endpoints of endocrine adversity are lacking. The present study investigated the potential endocrine-disrupting effects of BP-3 in zebrafis...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3129
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The determination of site-specific water quality criteria generally involves the recalculation of national criteria using laboratory-derived toxicity data or the conducting of bioassays using site water. Because of uncertainty of predictions of in-stream biological responses to contamination, an alternative procedure ...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.5620050501
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model for risk assessment was built for simultaneous, congener-specific PCB bioaccumulation from sediment to fish to otters (Lutra lutra). Toxic equivalence factors (TEFs) were used to sum individual congeners in otters to a toxic equivalent concentration (TEQ) relative to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Microb...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metal contamination may have adverse effects on wetland biota, particularly on amphibians. Severe immunotoxic effects elicited in Euphlyctis hexadactylus (Indian green frog) because of metal exposure (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) in the Bellanwila-Attidiya Sanctuary, a polluted urban wetland in Sri Lanka, provided th...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3848
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypothesis-based no-effect-concentration (NOEC) and regression-based x% effect concentration (ECx) values are common statistical approaches used to summarize ecotoxicological effects. Controversy over the NOEC model has prompted a movement toward discontinuation of the NOEC in favor of ECx, but the best x% effect surr...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.3086
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated Baetis spp. (mayfly), Hesperoperla pacifica (stonefly), and Brachycentrus americanus (caddisfly) susceptibility at the egg stage to esfenvalerate, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Eggs were obtained from the field or from field-collected gravid females at sites near Corvallis (OR, USA) and the Metol...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1897/07-491.1
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Alberta Oil Sands Region in Canada is home to one of the largest oil bitumen deposits in the world. The North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) is a top predator with a small home range and is sensitive to disturbances; it has been designated as a sentinel species for the potential impacts of the natural re...
journal_title:Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/etc.4876
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00