Abstract：
PURPOSE:Breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) are becoming an increasingly common diagnosis due to improved systemic control and more routine surveillance imaging. Treatment continues to require a multidisciplinary approach managing systemic and intracranial disease burden. Although, improvements have been made in the diagnosis and management of BCBM, brain metastasis patients continue to pose a challenge for practitioners. METHODS:In this review, a group of medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, radiologists, breast surgeons, and neurosurgeons specializing in the treatment of breast cancer reviewed the available published literature and compiled a comprehensive review on the current state of BCBM. RESULTS:We discuss the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment options (including systemic, surgical, and radiotherapy treatment modalities), and treatment response evaluation for BCBM. Furthermore, we discuss the ongoing prospective trials enrolling BCBM patients and their biologic rationale. CONCLUSIONS:BCBM management is an increasing clinical concern. Multidisciplinary management combining the strengths of surgical, systemic, and radiation treatment modalities with prospective trials incorporating knowledge from the basic and translational sciences will ultimately lead to improved clinical outcomes for BCBM patients.
journal_name
Breast Cancer Res Treatjournal_title
Breast cancer research and treatmentauthors
Mills MN,Figura NB,Arrington JA,Yu HM,Etame AB,Vogelbaum MA,Soliman H,Czerniecki BJ,Forsyth PA,Han HS,Ahmed KAdoi
10.1007/s10549-020-05552-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-01 00:00:00pages
279-300issue
2eissn
0167-6806issn
1573-7217pii
10.1007/s10549-020-05552-2journal_volume
180pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Breast reduction is a common surgical procedure performed by plastic and oncoplastic breast surgeons. The authors report on the incidence and management of cancer and atypical hyperplasia in breast reduction specimens from one institution over a 10-year period. All patients who underwent breast reduction surgery at No...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-011-1589-9
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Detection of disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) in bone marrow by immunocytochemistry (ICC) includes morphological evaluation of cytokeratin immunopositive cells. The aim of this study was to disclose the prognostic significance of different morphological categories of ICC-positive cells according to treatment status an...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-013-2439-8
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Results from four major hypofractionated whole-breast radiotherapy (HF-WBRT) trials have demonstrated equivalence in select patients with early-stage breast cancer when compared with conventionally fractionated WBRT (CF-WBRT). Because relatively little data were available on patients receiving neoadjuvant or ad...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-017-4345-y
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although new chemotherapeutic drugs for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have been approved over the past decade, it is unclear whether this has changed the overall outcome of patients. This study assessed the clinical and economic impacts of these drugs. We retrospectively studied MBC patients receiving chemotherapy in...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-010-1311-3
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the association between levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) use and breast cancer (BC) risk. METHODS:A cohort of all Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) female members aged 40-50 years between 1/2003 and 12/2013 was used to identify LNG-IUS users as "cases," and 2 age-matched non-u...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-017-4491-2
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Little is known about different ways of assessing risk of distant recurrence following cancer treatment (e.g., numeric or descriptive). We sought to evaluate the association between overestimation of risk of distant recurrence of breast cancer and key patient-reported outcomes, including quality of life and wor...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-016-4082-7
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sub-nipple tissue (SNT) examination has been used by surgeons to preserve, or not, the nipple in nipple-sparing mastectomy. However, it is uncertain whether SNT evaluation can predict nipple involvement. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of the intraoperativ...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-015-3568-z
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immune-deficient nude mouse with human tumor xenografts is an appropriate model system for performing detailed growth kinetic examinations. In the present study one estrogen and progesterone receptor-negative (T60) and three receptor-positive (Br-10, MCF-7, T61) human breast cancer xenografts in nude mice were inv...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01810740
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oestrogen receptor (ER) levels are usually maintained on acquisition of tamoxifen resistance in the clinic, however, tumour re-growth is associated with increased expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In the present study we have us...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/A:1025484908380
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2), plays an important functional role in DNA damage repair. Recent studies indicate that germline mutations in PALB2 predispose individuals to a high risk of developing familial breast cancer. Therefore, comprehensive identification of PALB2 germline mutations is potentially import...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-015-3358-7
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To explore the ability of intraoperative specimen radiography (SR) to correctly identify positive margins in patients receiving breast conserving surgery (BCS). To assess whether the reoperation rate can be reduced by using this method. METHODS:This retrospective study included 470 consecutive cases receiving ...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s10549-019-05476-6
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Uncontrolled proliferation is one of the hallmarks of breast cancer. We have previously identified the human Ecd protein (human ortholog of Drosophila Ecdysoneless, hereafter called Ecd) as a novel promoter of mammalian cell cycle progression, a function related to its ability to remove the repressive effects of Rb-fa...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-011-1946-8
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Vitamin D (VD) metabolism regulates adipose tissue, lipogenesis inflammation, and tumor growth. CYP24A1 is the key enzyme for metabolic inactivation of active VD (1,25(OH)2D3). We examined whether common germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP24A1 gene could affect the association between adu...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-019-05484-6
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method of measuring gene copy number in small samples of DNA was used to measure amplification of the erbB-2 gene and of chromosome 20q in breast cancer. This method, termed 'differentially competitive polymerase chain reaction' (DC-PCR) combines the advantages of two other techniques for measuring amplification...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01806816
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is associated with invasiveness and metastasis in breast cancer. We analyzed the prognostic impact of LOXL2 for breast cancer patients and investigated the role of LOXL2 in breast cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemical study of LOXL2 expression was done in samples from 309 patients. Surviv...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-013-2662-3
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiogenesis is important for the growth and spread of malignant tumors, and anti-angiogenesis treatment is currently being evaluated for breast cancer and other tumors. Although microvessel density is the most commonly used tissue-based marker of tumor associated angiogenesis, it has significant limitations and has n...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-011-1785-7
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Local formation of estradiol in human breast tumors could provide a more important source of estrogen than is delivered from plasma. Prior studies have suggested that estrone is primarily synthesized from estrone sulfate. The enzyme 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) would be required to convert estrone to est...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01886734
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis may contribute to the development of bone metastases (BM). We studied gene expression in this pathway in primary breast cancer (BC) to determine correlations with clinical characteristics and outcomes in the n...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s10549-017-4318-1
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:25-Hydroxy-3-oxoolean-12-en-28-oic acid (Amooranin-AMR) is a triterpene acid isolated from the stem bark of a tropical tree (Amoora rohituka) grown wild in India. A herbal preparation used for the treatment of cancer by the Ayurvedic system of medicine contains the stem bark of Amoora rohituka as one of the ingredient...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-006-9275-z
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared the following parameters in Long-Evans (LE) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats: 1) mammary tumor incidence after DMBA, 2) plasma prolactin (PRL) during the estrous cycle before and after DMBA, 3) plasma PRL in immature females from 0900 hr on day 29 to 0900 hr on day 30, 4) plasma PRL from 1200 to 1700 hr...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01806395
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:HER2/neu overexpression leads to poorer prognosis and higher risk of disease reoccurrence in breast cancer patients. The causative factors responsible for increasing HER2/neu expression levels on mammary cells are not known. We investigated whether factors associated with inflammation or metastasis could induce HER2/n...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-012-2191-5
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of endocrine treatments for advanced breast cancer seem to affect serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The aim of our study was to investigate IGF-I levels in 33 postmenopausal patients with metastatic disease receiving the selective aromatase inhibitor 4-hydroxyandrostenedione: 250 mg (16 patients) or...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00666055
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor-affecting women during the child bearing period. With the rising trend in delaying pregnancy later in life, the issue of subsequent pregnancy and lactation following breast cancer diagnosis has been more frequently encountered. In this context, data is scarce particular...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10549-008-9983-7
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There remains a high unmet need for effective treatments for metastatic breast cancer. In recent years there have been many advances in the understanding of biological basis of cancer. Several cellular pathways have been identified that play crucial roles in causing or maintaining the cancer phenotype. Many new agents...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s10549-008-0268-y
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is emerging as the new standard of care for breast cancer screening based on improved cancer detection coupled with reductions in recall compared to screening with digital mammography (DM) alone. However, many prior studies lack follow-up data to assess false negatives examinations. ...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-016-3695-1
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In previous investigations of adolescent activity recalled in adulthood, modest reductions in risk of benign breast disease (BBD) and premenopausal breast cancer were seen with moderate-strenuous activity during high school. We therefore investigated physical activity, walking, and recreational inactivity (watching TV...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-014-3055-y
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound and has been shown to exhibit cardio-protective as well as anti-neoplastic effects on various types of cancers. However, the exact mechanism of its anti-tumor effect is not clearly defined. Resveratrol has been shown to have strong hypolipidemic effect on normal adipocyte...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-010-1300-6
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Aberrant DNA methylation occurs frequently in breast carcinogenesis. Tools for translational epigenetic studies of breast cancer involving formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) human tissues have now been developed. Few studies have measured genome-wide methylation in DNA derived from paraffin-embedded tumour...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-016-3971-0
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the value of 99m-Tc-tetrofosmin (tetrofosmin) scintigraphy in patients with palpable and nonpalpable breast lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Prospective, blinded trial. One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive patients with 163 breast lesions detected by clinical examination and mammography were included....
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1006442622417
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to analyse the impact of breast cancer (BC) subtypes on the clinical course of disease with special emphasis on the occurrence of brain metastases (BM) and outcome in an elderly BC population. A total number of 706 patients ≥65 years receiving treatment for BC from 2007 to 2011 were identified from a BC datab...
journal_title：Breast cancer research and treatment
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10549-016-3787-y
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
