Abstract：
:Compared with aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and even penicillins, the cephalosporins represent a remarkably safe class of antibiotics. Among the cephalosporins, the extended spectrum, third generation agents developed generally produce few side effects and appear to be less allergenic than the penicillins. Nephrotoxicity has not been a problem at recommended doses. Some third generation agents can cause hypoprothrombinemia if not administered with vitamin K, and disulfiram-like reactions occur with some agents because of the presence of a thiomethyl tetruzole moiety affixed to the cephem nucleus. There is a greater incidence of diarrhea associated with the agents excreted through a primarily biliary route, and this may contribute to the selection of drug resistant bacteria. Some agents are less active against staphylococci and their use may result in an increased incidence of superinfection or overgrowth of enterococci. If attention is given to the potential for adverse effects, many of these problems can be avoided and the third generation cephalosporins can be used safely in hospitals, nursing homes, and home care settings.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Neu HCdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03476.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-05-01 00:00:00pages
396-403issue
5eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Cannabichromene (CBC) is one of four major cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. and is the second most abundant cannabinoid in drug-type cannabis. Cannabichromene and some of its homologs, analogs, and isomers were evaluated for antiinflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal activity. Antiinflammatory activity was eval...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02606.x
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixteen healthy volunteers were given either oral or intravenous doses of aminophylline (125 mg) at 9:00 A.M. and 9:00 P.M. under controlled food conditions. Measured at regular time intervals by homogeneous enzyme immunoassay, the plasma theophylline concentrations 1.5 and 2 hours after oral aminophylline were signif...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1984.tb02760.x
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For many years, effective therapy for the management of asthma has been available. Issues of adverse side effects and questionable patient compliance with current therapies have been seen as deterrents for proven beneficial agents such as the anti-inflammatory corticosteroids and the bronchodilating beta 2-agonists. A...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and safety of a single oral dose of 200-mg plant-derived pharmaceutical formulation of highly purified cannabidiol (CBD) in oral solution (Epidiolex in the United States; 100 mg/mL) were assessed in subjects with mild to severe hepatic impairment (n = 8 each for mild and moderate, n = 6 for sever...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1002/jcph.1412
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary objective was to determine the pharmacokinetics of single oral and intravenous doses of pantoprazole in children 2 to 16 years of age. The secondary objective was to assess the safety and tolerability of these doses. Male and female hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients from ages 5 to 16 years received...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270008321811
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sitagliptin is an orally active, highly selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) inhibitor for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This randomized, open-label, 2-part, 2-period crossover study assessed pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of warfarin in the presence/absence of multiple-dose sitagliptin. Twelve partic...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270009341653
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A selective thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor blocking agent, vapiprost, was orally administered to healthy male Japanese volunteers to investigate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The time-profile of vapiprost concentration in plasma was determined and the effects of the drug on platelet aggregation i...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb01917.x
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (hetastarch) and 5% human serum albumin (albumin) infusion on coagulation in 12 patients with septic shock was evaluated. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either albumin (N = 6) or hetastarch (N = 6) infusion over a 24-hour study interval. The prothrombin time (PT), parti...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb05751.x
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychoactive drugs are often widely used before tolerance and dependence is fully appreciated. Tolerance to cannabis-induced cardiovascular and autonomic changes, decreased intraocular pressure, sleep and sleep EEG, mood and behavioral changes is acquired and, to a great degree, lost rapidly with optimal conditions. M...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1981.tb02589.x
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between indenolol (an investigational agent) plasma levels and the drug's effect on blood pressure and heart rate was investigated after single and repeated once daily administration at two dosage levels (60 mg and 120 mg) in two different groups of patients with first or second stage hypertension, ac...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1985.tb02851.x
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of dalteparin in pediatric patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE). A prospective multicenter open-label study was conducted in children who required anticoagulation for the treatment of VTE. The study population included children with and without cancer. ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1716
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 30-minute ratio of 1'-hydroxymidazolam:midazolam plasma concentrations has been used as a measure of midazolam clearance in liver transplant patients. This study determined if a single concentration of 1'-hydroxymidazolam or the ratio of 1'-hydroxymidazolam:midazolam could be used to predict midazolam clearance in...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1177/009127002401382614
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pain is a troublesome nonmotor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). This double-blind exploratory pilot study (NCT01744496) was the first to specifically investigate the effect of a dopamine agonist on PD-associated pain as primary outcome. Patients with advanced PD (ie, receiving levodopa) and at least moderate PD-as...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/jcph.678
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of ATR-107, a fully human monoclonal anti-IL-21 receptor (IL-21R) antibody, administered as ascending single doses, subcutaneously or intravenously, was evaluated in a placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in healthy subjects. The dose levels were...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1002/jcph.158
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The population pharmacokinetics of desmopressin in children with nocturnal enuresis and in healthy adults were compared using a 1-compartment model with first-order absorption and first-order elimination. In addition, the model consisted of a number of transit compartments before absorption to describe a lag-time. The...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270006291838
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vitro dissolution profile testing of 12 generic 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) formulations indicated significant differences in their solubilities in water and in 0.1N hydrochloric acid. Two products, representing the extremes of solubility, were subsequently tested for bioavailability. Bioavailability data from euth...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1980.tb02530.x
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epoxieicosatrienoic acids (EETs) play a protective role against damaging processes in the kidney. We have assessed the effect of polymorphisms in EETs-producing enzymes (CYP2C8 and CYP2J2) and other proteins involved in calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) disposition (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and ABCB1) on graft function and clinica...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.15
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The population pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of oral clonidine was characterized in newborns with neonatal abstinence syndrome, and significant covariates affecting its PK parameters were identified. Plasma clonidine concentration data were obtained from a clinical trial in which 36 newborns, aged 1 to 25 days (postnat...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1177/0091270010370587
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Standard of care for ulcerative colitis involves long-term pharmacotherapy or colectomy. Approximately 20% to 30% of patients eventually require a colectomy because patients either do not respond or cannot tolerate the currently available pharmacotherapies. Advances in our knowledge of the pathophysiology of ulcerativ...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0091270007301623
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The impact of a microgravity simulation using a head-down tilt (-6 degrees) on lidocaine pharmacokinetics used as a probe to evaluate hepatic blood flow is discussed. Eight healthy male subjects were selected for a 7-day study, including a 4-day head-down tilt from day 2 to day 5. Subjects were given 1 mg/kg of lidoca...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04110.x
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an increasing interest in the simultaneous administration of several probe substrates to characterize the activity of multiple drug-metabolizing enzymes, the so-called "cocktail" approach. However, this method remains controversial and is being investigated more extensively. No general consensus has emerged o...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1177/0091270003261333
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nonlinearities are commonplace in pharmacokinetics and most frequently occur because of a limited concentration of biological material available for interaction with relatively high concentrations of drugs. The Michaelis-Menten-type function can be applied to metabolism, transport, and binding phenomena that display c...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03369.x
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DS-1040, a low-molecular-weight imidazole derivative, inhibits the enzymatic activity of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFIa), enhancing endogenous tissue plasminogen activator-triggered fibrinolysis. This first-in-human, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 1 study evaluated the safety, pharmacokineti...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/jcph.1474
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 14 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) of various grade (NYHA class 2-4) the effects of zofenopril calcium (SQ 26,991) on blood pressure and forearm circulation were studied by venous occlusion plethysmography. Changes in plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and arginin...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03282.x
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective study of adverse drug reactions was recently completed at the Clinical Pharmacology Unit of J. J. Group of Hospitals. 338 patients were included in this study, and adverse reactions were noted by a team of workers including a nurse and a physician. World Health Organization definitions were used to descr...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1975.tb02365.x
更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The onset and offset of the electropharmacologic effect of procainamide was studied in nine patients with ventricular arrhythmias. Procainamide was given at a constant infusion rate of 0.27 +/- 0.05 mg/kg/min for 50 to 60 minutes to an average total dose of 15.5 +/- 4.4 mg/kg. The QRS interval (used as an index of ele...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03118.x
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The peritoneal clearance of gentamicin was studied in 11 chronic uremic patients who undergoing intermittent peritoneal dialysis. Gentamicin was significantly removed by peritoneal dialysis with a clearance value of 9.75 +/- 3.78 ml/min. The serum half life was 14.08 +/- 3.57 hr, a value significantly less than that o...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03302.x
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This multi-center, randomized, double-blind, multiple dose-escalation study was conducted to assess the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a newly developed polyethylene glycol (PEG)-conjugated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, PEX168 once weekly in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). F...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1002/jcph.386
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to apply individualized, physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (iPBPK-R) modeling of 14 CO2 production rates measured by the erythromycin breath test (ERMBT) to characterize the effect of hemodialysis on the function of nonrenal clearance pathways in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESR...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jcph.1818
更新日期：2021-01-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Many biologically active synthetic drugs contain chiral centers, although they are used as racemic mixtures. Enantiomers are hard to distinguish in the chemical laboratory but are readily discriminated in the body and differ in their biological activities and disposition. The pharmacokinetic profiles of enantiomers ca...
journal_title：Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb04640.x
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
