In vitro and in vivo models of drug ototoxicity: studying the mechanisms of a clinical problem.

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are widely used for the treatment of epilepsy. However, ∼ 30% of patients do not remain seizure free. It is possible that methylxanthine derivatives (e.g., caffeine and theophylline) may partially account for this outcome. AREAS COVERED:Data on the convulsive activity of methylx...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Chrościńska-Krawczyk M,Radzik I,Miziak B,Czuczwar SJ

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The onset, intensity and duration of therapeutic response to a compound depend on the intrinsic pharmacological activity of the drug and pharmacokinetic factors related to its absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination that are inherent to the biological system. The process of drug transfer from the site of ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Hurst S,Loi CM,Brodfuehrer J,El-Kattan A

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Iron overload is an inevitable consequence of transfusion therapy for a variety of underlying anemias. Iron overload, without effective chelation, will lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Deferasirox (Exjade®) is an oral tridentate iron chelator used for reducing iron overload. AREAS COVERED:In a...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Galanello R,Campus S,Origa R

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:The use of the first generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz (EFV) as a component of first-line antiretroviral therapy has been accepted worldwide. EFV is the only antiretroviral agent currently on the market that has been combined with emtricitabine and tenofovir dis...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Rakhmanina NY,van den Anker JN

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of drug-metabolising enzymes is affected by many endogenous and exogenous factors, including sex, age, diet and exposure to xenobiotics and drugs. To understand fully how the organism metabolises a drug, these alterations in gene expression must be taken into account. The central process, the definition...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Podvinec M,Meyer UA

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Capecitabine , an oral prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is adsorbed in its intact form through the intestine and metabolized to 5-FU in tumour cells. In metastatic breast cancer (MBC), capecitabine is an effective and well-tolerated therapeutic option both in monotherapy and in combination with chemothera...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Daniele G,Gallo M,Piccirillo MC,Giordano P,D'Alessio A,Del Giudice A,La Porta ML,Perrone F,Normanno N,De Luca A

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Membrane transport proteins play a central role in regulating the disposition of endobiotics, dietary nutrients and environmental toxins. The inhibition of transporters by drugs has potential physiologic consequences. The full extent of the effect of drugs on the function of transporters is poorly understo...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Lepist EI,Ray AS

更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Gut microbiota plays critical roles in drug metabolism. The variation of gut microbiota contributes to the interindividual differences toward drug therapy including drug-induced toxicity and efficacy. Accordingly, the investigation and elucidation of gut microbial impacts on drug metabolism and toxicity wi...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Li H,He J,Jia W

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rats are an important tool in pharmacology and toxicology. The authors focus on rat P450s in relation to diazepam metabolism. In particular, considerable attention is devoted to the CYP2D subfamily, which is a group of highly polymorphic enzymes. First, the metabolic profiles of diazepam of humans and other animals ar...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Sakai N,Ishizuka M

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperphosphatemia is recognized as a principal mineral disorder in chronic kidney disease (CKD) that leads to the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Recent data indicate that hyperphosphatemia is associated with accelerated cardiac calcification and increased mortality in patients with CKD. Control of serum...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Barton Pai A,Conner TA,McQuade CR

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Sesamin is a major lignan found in sesame and is known to have various biological effects. Some of these biological effects occur following its metabolic conversion to corresponding catechols and, therefore, the study of sesamin metabolism is quite important. There is currently a need to identify the enzym...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Yasuda K,Sakaki T

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Idiosyncratic drug-induced agranulocytosis (IDIAG) is a life-threatening adverse reaction characterized by an absolute neutrophil count < 500 cells/μl of blood. It shares many of the characteristics of other idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs), and this presumably reflects mechanistic similarities. AREAS ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Johnston A,Uetrecht J

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The fixed-dose combination therapy of sofosbuvir (SOF) plus velpatasvir (VEL) is the first pangenotypic, direct-acting antiviral (DAA), single-treatment regimen (STR) for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection to be commercialized. It is approved for the treatment of HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Brieva T,Rivero A,Rivero-Juarez A

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Picoplatin was developed as platinum coordination complex to overcome development of resistance, through conjugation to thioles, by the introduction of a methyl-pyridine moiety into the cisplatin parent structure. Pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug, after intravenous and oral application, were studied ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Hamilton G

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:. Membrane transporters are integral to the maintenance of cellular integrity of all tissue and cell types. While transporters play an established role in the systemic pharmacokinetics of therapeutic drugs, tissue specific expression of uptake transporters can serve as an initiating mechanism that governs ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Huang KM,Uddin ME,DiGiacomo D,Lustberg MB,Hu S,Sparreboom A

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a disabling pain condition. Its pathomechanism remains unknown, but a sensitization and neuronal hyperexcitabilty have been suggested. Only symptomatic pharmacological pain management treatment is currently available. AREAS COVERED:The origin of PDN is enigmatic, and t...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Tajti J,Szok D,Majláth Z,Csáti A,Petrovics-Balog A,Vécsei L

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Drug-induced cholestasis, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and viral hepatitis are acquired forms of liver disease. Cholestasis is a pathophysiologic state with impaired bile formation and subsequent accumulation of bile salts in hepatocytes. The bile salt export pump (BSEP) (ABCB11) is the key export...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Stieger B,Geier A

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Mepolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to and inactivates IL-5. It is available as a subcutaneous preparation. The practical application of mepolizumab is as an add-on therapy in the treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma. Areas covered: This article was created from a comprehensive lit...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Kallur L,Gonzalez-Estrada A,Eidelman F,Dimov V

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:The second-line treatment of endometriosis-related pain symptoms includes injectable depot formulations of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH-as). These drugs improve the symptomatology by inducing a hypoestrogenic status and a consequent regression of endometriotic implants. However, GnRH-a may ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Della Corte L,Barra F,Mercorio A,Evangelisti G,Rapisarda AMC,Ferrero S,Bifulco G,Giampaolino P

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute kidney injury is a common condition and is associated with a high mortality rate. It has been recognised that routinely used measures of renal function, such as levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, increase significantly only after substantial kidney injury occurs and then with a time delay. Insen...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Vaidya VS,Bonventre JV

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Oral mucositis, one of the major side effects of chemotherapy and irradiation, is still a burden of modern oncology. The keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) palifermin has been approved as a new, targeted therapy for the prevention of severe oral mucositis. AREAS COVERED:The authors review the literature on ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Weigelt C,Haas R,Kobbe G

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Unacceptable failure rates in clinical trials are largely responsible for the high costs of bringing successful drugs to market - costs that are passed on to patients, insurers or healthcare providers. Furthermore, failures in clinical trials deny patients much-needed new drugs and potentially expose them ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Clotworthy M,Archibald K

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Despite initial patient benefit, drug resistance to first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is inevitable. One of the key mechanisms responsible for the development of acquired drug resistance is the secondary T790M missense mutation in exon 20 of the EGFR kinase domain. Afatinib is an ATP-...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Yap TA,Popat S

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists such as leuprolide acetate (LA) are the most frequently utilized treatment of advanced prostate cancer as the regimen for achieving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The efficacy of LA is determined by extent of testosterone (T) suppression in prostate cance...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Crawford ED,Moul JW,Sartor O,Shore ND

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Therapeutic hypothermia is being employed clinically due to its neuro-protective benefits. Both critical illness and therapeutic hypothermia significantly affect drug disposition, potentially contributing to drug-therapy and drug-disease interactions. Currently, there is limited information on the known al...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Zhou J,Poloyac SM

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Multiple myeloma (MM) patients who relapse, or become refractory to currently available novel agents, have limited treatment options with poor outcomes. The introductions of the newer proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and the immunomodulatory agent pomalidomide have provided new treatment strategies within ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Gay F,Mina R,Troia R,Bringhen S

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men has been used for > 60 years. The use of testosterone substitution is continuously growing and is given to aging men to improve the quality of life. Because testosterone use is associated with muscle strength enhancing effects, it has become a popular drug ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Schulze JJ,Rane A,Ekström L

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of the study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two itraconazole 100 mg capsule formulations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:The single-center, open-label, randomized, three-period, three-sequence, reference-replicated, cross-over study included 38 healthy subjects under fed conditions. In each stud...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Dragojević-Simić V,Kovačević A,Jaćević V,Rančić N,Djordjević S,Kilibarda V,Mikov M,Bokonjić D

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:This meeting report presents a brief summary on the 4th Annual Predictive Toxicology Summit 2012, which was held on 15 - 16 February 2012 in London. AREAS COVERED:The majority of presentations came from global pharmaceutical companies, although small and medium enterprise (SME) and academic researchers we...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Cui Z

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Pediatric critical illness and associated alterations in organ function can change drug pharmacokinetics (PK). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a life-saving therapy for severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure, causes additional PK alterations that affect drug disposition. AREAS COVERED:The p...

journal_title：Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology

authors： Himebauch AS,Kilbaugh TJ,Zuppa AF

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00