Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Idiosyncratic drug-induced agranulocytosis (IDIAG) is a life-threatening adverse reaction characterized by an absolute neutrophil count < 500 cells/μl of blood. It shares many of the characteristics of other idiosyncratic drug reactions (IDRs), and this presumably reflects mechanistic similarities. AREAS COVERED:This review describes the evidence for mechanistic hypotheses of IDIAG and new hypotheses are explored. EXPERT OPINION:The characteristics of IDIAG are most consistent with an immune mechanism. Where genetic studies have been done, the genes associated with an increased risk of IDIAG are either human leukocyte antigen genes or other genes associated with the immune response, which provides further evidence for an immune mechanism. There is evidence that the immune response leading to most IDRs is triggered by reactive metabolites of the offending drug, and most drugs that are associated with IDIAG are either known to be oxidized to a reactive metabolite by neutrophils or have a functional group that has the potential to be easily oxidized to a reactive metabolite. There is new evidence that drugs that cause IDRs including IDIAG can activate inflammasomes. Thus, the ability of a drug to be oxidized to a reactive metabolite by neutrophils and to activate inflammasomes may be useful biomarkers to predict IDIAG risk.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicoljournal_title
Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicologyauthors
Johnston A,Uetrecht Jdoi
10.1517/17425255.2015.985649subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
243-57issue
2eissn
1742-5255issn
1744-7607journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The burden of seasonal influenza in children is poorly recognized, in spite of the potential for severe and even life-threatening illness and common secondary complications. Children are a primary reservoir for the spread of influenza to both family members and the community, which imposes a sizeable social and econom...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.3.5.755
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Enzalutamide is the first approved second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist in the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with or without docetaxel-based chemotherapy. Over the past 5 years, a number of attempts were made to determine the efficacy of enzalutamide in...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2018.1440288
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abstract:INTRODUCTION:Maintaining effective antiretroviral treatment for life is a major problem in both resource-limited and resource-rich countries. Despite the progress observed in paediatric antiretroviral therapy, approximately 12% of children still experience treatment failure due to drug resistance, inadequate dosing and...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2017.1277203
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abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:genetic and pharmacologically-driven variations in common mechanisms involved in the disposition of antidepressant medications may contribute to variable interpatient response. This review describes the pharmacological properties underlying the safety and efficacy of desvenlafaxine, a second-gen...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2010.535810
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 10% of all pregnancies and is defined as hyperglycemia first noted during pregnancy. Rates of GDM are rising and untreated GDM results in complications for both mother and fetus. GDM is often managed by diet and exercise but 30-40% of women will require pharm...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2016.1187131
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute kidney injury is a common condition and is associated with a high mortality rate. It has been recognised that routinely used measures of renal function, such as levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, increase significantly only after substantial kidney injury occurs and then with a time delay. Insen...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2.5.697
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abstract:INTRODUCTION:First- and second-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs), such as gefitinib, erlotinib, icotinib, and afatinib are the standard-of-care for first-line therapy of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring activating EGFR mutations. Unfortunately, after initial ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2017.1401064
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
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doi:10.1080/17425255.2020.1802425
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Bioaccessibility is a growing area of research in the field of risk assessment. As polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, they are the toxicants of focus to establish cancer risks in humans. Orally ingested PAHs also cause toxicity and even affect the pharmacokinet...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Chemokine receptors are important therapeutic targets for the treatment of many human diseases. This study will provide an overview of approved chemokine receptor antagonists and promising candidates in advanced clinical trials.Areas covered: We will describe clinical aspects of chemokine receptor antago...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2020.1711884
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of myricitrin, an important active ingredient of traditional herbal medicine, yielded by the isolated human intestinal bacteria, which have not been reported previously. METHODS:Fresh human fecal samples were collected from a healthy female volunteer and ab...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/17425255.2014.918954
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The elucidation of the toxicological mechanisms of herbal medicines is becoming more and more important with the increasing application of herbal medicines, for treatment of various diseases and the promotion of health. Furthermore, it is widely recognized that as herbal components undergo bioactivation, t...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2011.586335
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Within recent years, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RA) have emerged as a new treatment option for type 2 diabetes. The GLP-1-RA are administered subcutaneously and differ substantially in pharmacokinetic profiles. AREAS COVERED:This review describes the pharmacokinetics and safety aspec...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.731394
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.998997
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.10.1307
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.1.3.537
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00