Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent female reproductive endocrine disease. It has been associated with a number of severe reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. However, there are still open questions especially regarding the best long-term management. METHODS:We summarized the literature focused on the symptoms and negative long-term consequences of untreated PCOS and the existing options for the treatment. We reviewed the Pubmed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases and the relevant literature for the last 20 years. Included in this review also are new results of own (published) research and own experience from treating daily more than 100 PCOS patients. RESULTS:Obesity is one of the most common findings. It can cause abnormal ovulations which can lead to infertility. Important long-term consequences can be adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is an agreement that the risk of endometrial cancer can be increased. Insulin resistance, important within the pathophysiology of PCOS, predisposes patients to metabolic dysfunction and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lifestyle modifications including dietary changes, exercise and weight loss are first-line interventions for many patients. Well known drug treatments such as metformin, oral contraceptives, etc. should be selected according to the individual situation and patients' needs. Regarding newer methods in the long-term management of PCOS, we found that orlistat may help to achieve weight loss and to improve lipid and glucose metabolism. CONCLUSION:In addition to pharmacological interventions, long-term standardized individualized management of PCOS patients is needed to achieve fertility and to reduce the risk of metabolic related diseases.
journal_name
Curr Pharm Desjournal_title
Current pharmaceutical designauthors
Ruan X,Li M,Mueck AOdoi
10.2174/1381612825666190130104922subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-01-01 00:00:00pages
4685-4692issue
39eissn
1381-6128issn
1873-4286pii
CPD-EPUB-96211journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The aging phenomenon is intrinsically responsible for diseases and lifestyle-associated conditions afflicting the aging male. In particular, male infertility seems to result from deleterious lifestyle choices. However, the aging effect at the individual gene/protein level is poorly discussed and valuable information i...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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doi:10.2174/1381612822666161018155247
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::The state-of-the-art in the investigation of drugs release from Silica-based ordered Mesoporous Materials (SMMs) is reviewed. First, the SMM systems used like host matrixes are described. Then, the model drugs studied until now, including their pharmacological action, structure and the mesoporous matrix employed for e...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been widely used as a target for novel anticancer agents, such as blocking antibodies and small molecular weight tyrosine kinase compounds. In spite of recent advances in cancer cell biology, leading to the introduction of clinically active new drugs, such as cetuximab, ...
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) are a novel category of oral antidiabetic drugs that inhibit renal glucose reabsorption and increase renal glucose excretion, thus lowering plasma glucose levels. This unique mechanism of SGLT2i action is insulin independent, thus improving glycemic control ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::Preterm birth is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Pathological processes that have been linked with preterm birth infection and / or intrauterine inflammation are most frequently found associated with their induction. Studies in animal models and human research showed prior infections to the ind...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::Pyrimidine nucleotides, including UTP, UDP and UDP-glucose, are important signaling molecules which activate G protein-coupled membrane receptors of the P2Y family. Four distinct pyrimidine nucleotide-sensitive P2Y receptor subtypes have been cloned, P2Y(2), P2Y(4), P2Y(6) and P2Y(14). Pharmacological experiments indi...
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass associated with a loss of muscle function, e.g., walking speed. A number of consensus definitions exist for sarcopenia with cut-off points being ethnically specific. A rapid screen test (SARC-F) is available and does not require different ethnic cut-off points. Sarcopen...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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abstract::Unhealthy diet and alcohol are serious health problems, especially in adolescents and young adults. "Binge" is defined as the excessive and uncontrolled consumption of food (binge eating) and alcohol (binge drinking). Both behaviors are frequent among young people and have a highly negative impact on health and qualit...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Ulinastatin (UTI) plays the beneficial roles in modifying cerebral ischemic injury evoked by cardiac arrest (CA). XueBiJing (XBJ), comprised of extracts from Chinese herbals, has been used for the treatment of sepsis and ischemic disorders linked to multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. The current study was...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has recently undergone revolutionary changes. Two large randomized trials demonstrated superiority of chemoimmunotherapy combining fludarabine and cyclophosphamide with monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody rituximab (FCR) over fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) alone in firs...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important enzymes that effect post-translational modifications of proteins by altering the acetylation state of lysine residues. HDACs control epigenetic changes that trigger cell transformation and proliferation of transformed cells associated with many diseases. These enzymes are val...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogens are known as important modulators of development, growth and maintenance of primary sexual physiology. The medical field has also grown increasingly appreciative of the effects of estrogens on non-traditional target tissues such as bone, cardiovascular tissue and the CNS. Postmenopausal women have been the b...
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更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need to identify and characterize vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions in humans has lead to the development of various animal models of plaque vulnerability. In this review, current concepts of the vulnerable plaque as it leads to an acute coronary event are described, such as plaque rupture, erosion, intraplaque h...
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更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tocotrienols, components belonging to vitamin E members, are used as potent therapeutics in the treatment of several diseases. Recent studies suggested tocotrienol to have better activity in many situations compared to tocopherols. Tocotrienols have been shown to lower the atherogenic apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein ...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Guidelines for the treatment of hypertension allow a wide range of choices to the physicians; however some differences are present about the preferred drugs to start treatment. The most important aim remains an adequate decrease of blood pressure, something not perfectly obtained in the general population, but some cl...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::The cardiovascular system exhibits significant daily rhythms in physiologic processes (heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac contractility and function), and molecular gene and protein expression. An increasing number of clinical and experimental studies demonstrate the circadian system is an important underlying mechan...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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abstract::The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally. Rational perioperative anesthetic drug selection and administration require knowledge of how obesity interacts with those drugs. In this review, we summarize different aspects of the anesthetic agents, including pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and clinical...
journal_title:Current pharmaceutical design
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00