In vitro treatment of Enterococcus faecalis with calcium hydroxide impairs phagocytosis by human macrophages.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) ability to phagocytize and produce nitric oxide (NO) was tested against root-canal strains of Enterococcus faecalis submitted to alkaline stress. Root-canal strains were also compared with urine Enterococci. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Enterococcus faecalis were stressed with alkaline-BHI broth and incubated in vitro at a cell/bacteria ratio of 1:5. Phagocytosis was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy using acridine orange stain, and NO concentration was measured in supernatants. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:Alkaline-stress significantly impaired MDMs phagocytosis of E. faecalis strains analyzed, except in ATCC4083 isolated from a pulpless tooth, but NO production was unchanged. Comparison of different strains showed the urine isolate had higher NO levels than root canal strains. Alterations in the bacterial cell wall structures after alkaline-stress possibly made bacteria less recognizable and phagocytized by MDMs but did not affect their ability to activate NO production. Furthermore, root canal strains elicited different responses by immune cells compared with strains from urine. Clinically, impaired phagocytosis of E. faecalis could contribute to their persistence in root canal systems previously treated with calcium hydroxide.

journal_name

Acta Odontol Scand

authors

Ponce JB,Midena RZ,Pinke KH,Weckwerth PH,Andrade FB,Lara VS

doi

10.1080/00016357.2018.1533142

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-01 00:00:00

pages

158-163

issue

2

eissn

0001-6357

issn

1502-3850

journal_volume

77

pub_type

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