Breast cancer and neoadjuvant chemotherapy: indications for and limits of breast-conserving surgery.

Abstract:

AIM:The aim of our study was to determine how many and what subtypes of breast cancer could be treated with breast-conserving surgery after NACT. Another outcome was to determine the applicability of MD Anderson Cancer Center nomogram to predict it. MATERIAL OF STUDY:We reviewed the histological examinations of 86 performed mastectomies according to the indications to BCS after NACT. For 73 cases, collected all the necessary data, we could use the nomogram available on the MDACC website to calculate the probability of BCS and pCR. RESULTS:In our experience the BCS rate would increase by 34,1%, from 3,7% to 3.,8%. Patients with Triple Negative and HER2+, ER- more than ER+, show higher rates of pCR and BCS. The MDACC nomogram predicts accurately the probability of pCR and BCS after NACT in HER2 negative cancers but not in HER2 positive ones treated with Trastuzumab. This suggests that a specific nomogram for HER2 positive carcinomas has to be developed. CONCLUSION:BCS after NACT is feasible and safe in terms of LRR, DFS and OS, if patients are properly studied and selected. Indication to BCS after NACT needs of a multidisciplinary assessment considering clinical staging, biological characteristics, the radiological response pattern and the expected concordance between imaging and histology. KEY WORDS:Breast Cancer, Breast-conserving surgery, Neoadjuvant chemotherapy. :La chemioterapia neoadiuvante è finalizzata al primo trattamento per tumori localmente avanzati della mammella non suscettibili di intervento chirurgico radicale, ma recentemente all’International Consensus Conference del 2012 è stato riconosciuto il ruolo della chemioterapia neoadiuvante anche per tumore operabile ma candidato a chemioterapia adiuvante per caratteristiche biologiche aggressive. Inoltre avrebbe il vantaggio di offrire un test di chemiosensibilità e di aumentare i tassi di chirurgia conservativa nelle pazienti operabili ma candidate a mastectomia. Dal Luglio 2015 al Giugno 2017 presso l’UOC Breast Unit dell’Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona sono state sottoposte ad intervento chirurgico senologico dopo terapia neoadiuvante 91 pazienti, 3 delle quali erano affette da neoplasia bilaterale. Dopo l’esclusione di 9 pazienti la casistica comprende 82 pazienti: 78 con neoplasia primitiva della mammella unilaterale, 2 pazienti con neoplasia primitiva bilaterale e 2 recidive dopo chirurgia conservativa e RT adiuvante. L’estensione locale della neoplasia e la risposta alla chemioterapia sono stata valutate tramite RMN mammaria che le pazienti hanno eseguito al momento della diagnosi e al termine della chemioterapia. Abbiamo utilizzati il nomogramma MDACC in 73 di 89 neoplasie per vari motivi di esclusione, analizzando statisticamente i dati con lo Student’s t-test. In 3 pazienti la chirurgia è stata conservativa, in 79 casi la mastectomia: bilaterale in 2 casi per bilaterale e in 4 casi per profilassi. Al controllo retrospettivo su base istologica il tipo di indicazione operatoria, risulterebbe un aumento del tasso di operabilità conservativa dal 3.7% (3/82) al 37.8% (31/82). A fronte di una media delle pCR calcolata dal nomogramma MDACC del 26.71%, il 23,28% (17/73 casi) hanno raggiunto una risposta patologica completa. La media delle BCS calcolata dal MDACC è stata 36.23%: nella nostra casistica 32/73 neoplasie (43.84%) avrebbero potuto essere trattate con chirurgia conservativa. La scelta di una chirurgia conservativa dopo NACT attualmente dovrebbe essere fatta valutando ogni singolo caso in ambito multidisciplinare tenendo conto della stadiazione preoperatoria, delle caratteristiche biologiche, della presenza di eventuali controindicazioni a una chirurgia conservativa, del pattern di risposta radiologico, della concordanza prevista fra imaging e istologia, e della risposta patologica prevista.

journal_name

Ann Ital Chir

authors

Caldana M,Pellini F,Lombardi D,Mirandola S,Invento A,Pollini GP

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-01-01 00:00:00

pages

392-397

eissn

0003-469X

issn

2239-253X

pii

S0003469X18028336

journal_volume

89

pub_type

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