Abstract:
:Understanding salivation in hematophagous arthropod vectors is crucial to developing novel methods to prevent vector-borne disease transmission. The interactions between the tick, host, and pathogens during salivation are highly complex, and are dynamically regulated by the tick central nervous system (synganglion). Recently, tick salivary modulation via neuropeptides was highlighted by mapping neuropeptidergic cells in the synganglion and salivary glands in hard ticks. In this study, we characterized the role of a novel neuropeptide, elevenin (IsElev), and its receptors (IsElevR1 and IsElevR2) in the innervation of the salivary glands from Ixodes scapularis female ticks. Homology-based BLAST searches of the I. scapularis genome and Sequence Read Archive (SRA), followed by gene cloning, identified candidate genes: IsElev, IsElevR1, and IsElevR2. The IsElev candidate contained common elevenin features: a signal peptide immediately before an elevenin precursor and two cysteines. During functional assays, synthetic IsElev efficiently activated both IsElevR1 and IsElevR2, as indicated by elevated calcium mobilization. IsElevR1 (EC50: 0.01 nM) was about 560 times more sensitive to synthetic IsElev than IsElevR2 (EC50: 5.59 nM). Immunoreactivity (IR) for IsElev and IsElevR1 was detected as a complex neuronal projection and several neurons in the synganglion. In salivary glands, IsElev-IR was detected in an axonal projection on the surface of the main salivary duct and in axon terminals within type II/III salivary gland acini, which are colocalized with SIFamide-IR. IsElevR1-IR was detected on the luminal surface of both type II/III acini. IsElev transcript levels were high in the synganglion and reached a peak at day 5 post-blood feeding. Salivary glands expressed IsElevR1, which gradually increased over the course of blood feeding until repletion. Here, we propose that IsElev and IsElevR1, localized in salivary gland acini types II/III, are likely involved in tick salivary secretion in the rapid engorgement phase of tick feeding. In addition, we also provide the evidences for IsElev action on the ovary by showing IsElevR1-IR and IsElevR2-IR on the surface of ovary.
journal_name
Insect Biochem Mol Bioljournal_title
Insect biochemistry and molecular biologyauthors
Kim D,Šimo L,Park Ydoi
10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.07.005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-10-01 00:00:00pages
66-75eissn
0965-1748issn
1879-0240pii
S0965-1748(18)30204-2journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Activation with 2-propanol and other organic compounds of prophenoloxidase purified from pupae of Drosophila melanogaster was analyzed. A1, one of the two isozymes of the prophenoloxidase, could be activated with both an endogenous activating system and artificial organic compounds including alcohols. A1 was activated...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0965-1748(93)90060-6
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::BhB10-1 is an amplified gene present in DNA puff B10. This gene is very active in the salivary gland regions S1 and S3 at the end of the larval development. Two transcripts of this gene, 1.3 and 1.1 kb in size, were detected. A secretory protein, SP23, is the product of BhB10-1. In this work, we present evidence suppo...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00156-4
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The derivation of alanine in fibroin was investigated using NMR and selective isotopic labelling. 2H2O infused orally into 5th instar larvae was incorporated into the proton of the methyl group of alanine in fibroin. Proton exchange among alanine, glycine and serine was also found. Incorporation of 13C from [2-(13)C]a...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(99)00120-4
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molt-intermolt cycle is an essential feature in holometabolous and hemimetabolous insects' development. In the silkworm, silk glands are under dramatic morphological and functional changes with fibroin genes' transcription being repeatedly turned off and on during the molt-intermolt cycles. However, the molecular ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2016.07.002
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous genetic and pharmacological studies suggest that knockdown-resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides likely results from a mutation(s) in the para sodium channel gene. In this study, para sodium channel genes from an insecticide-susceptible German cockroach strain, CSMA, and a kdr-type German cockroach stra...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(96)00082-3
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We cloned and characterized a novel Bombyx mori homologue (bm-dronc) of Drosophila melanogaster dronc (dm-dronc), which could encode a polypeptide of 438 amino acid residues. Bm-Dronc shares relatively low amino acid sequence identities of 25% and 26% with Dm-Dronc and Aedes aegypti Dronc (Aa-Dronc), respectively. Bm-...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2011.08.005
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distributions of mRNAs for two cuticular proteins of Hyalophora cecropia were examined with RT-PCR and in situ hybridization. For major regions of larval and pupal cuticle, there was a strong correspondence between the type of cuticle and the predominant cuticular protein message found. Epidermal cells underlying ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2003.06.010
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenoloxidase (PO), a melanin-synthesizing enzyme known to play an important role in insect defense, is found as a zymogen (ProPO) in hemolymph and cuticle, where it is activated by proteolysis. We characterized the first proPO cDNA in an eusocial insect, the Apis mellifera honey bee. The AmproPO cDNA contains an ORF ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2005.01.013
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inward-rectifier potassium (Kir) channels play key roles in nerve, muscle, and epithelial cells in mammals, but their physiological roles in insects remain to be determined. The yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) possesses five different genes encoding Kir channel subunits: Kir1, Kir2A, Kir2B, Kir2B', and Kir3. We ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.03.003
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mosquito salivary proteins, which are fundamental to the process of blood feeding, also facilitate disease transmission and cause allergic reactions. The identification and characterisation of these proteins have been hampered by the difficulty of obtaining them in purified form. In this report, we describe the produc...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(99)00066-1
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ecdysone receptor (EcR) complex has been identified in the prothoracic gland of Manduca sexta by specific immunoprecipitation and Western blot analyses, and includes EcR, ultraspiracle (USP) and FKBP46. The EcR complex binds ponasterone A in a dose-dependent manner with a Kd of 7.04 x 10(-9) M. Immunocytochemistry...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(97)00080-5
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This analysis considers the structural evidence of a ligand-binding function of the nuclear receptor ultraspiracle (USP). The positions and nature of residues in the ligand-binding domain of USP from six higher insects is evaluated in comparison to the function of conserved residues vertebrate receptors that have been...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00038-2
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pyrethroids are an important class of insecticides for controlling insect pests, including the German cockroach. Unfortunately, many insects have developed resistance to pyrethroids. One of the most important mechanisms of resistance is kdr (knockdown resistance) which is characterized by neural insensitivity to pyret...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0965-1748(94)90051-5
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salivary glands separated from internal tissues of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum, are competent to synthesize prostaglandins (PGs). Using an in vitro PG biosynthesis assay four major PGs, namely, PGA2/PGB2, PGD2, PGE2, and PGF2 alpha were synthesized. Under standard assay conditions PGA2/PGB2 was the predom...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(96)00094-x
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outbreaks of the black army cutworm, Actebia fennica, are associated with recently burned sites, where larvae feed on early successional plants. In the present paper we show that smoke volatiles stimulate juvenile hormone biosynthesis in virgin females, resulting in a more rapid rate of oocyte maturation and a signifi...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00058-8
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ets family protein BmEts is assumed to be implicated in determination of diapause in the embryogenesis of Bombyx mori. In this study, we found that expression of BmEts was increased in the fat body and other tissues of the 5th instar larvae in response to Escherichia coli injection. Cotransfection experiments usin...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.03.004
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned and sequenced the cDNA encoding the major component (43-kDa peptide) of 30kP protease A which selectively hydrolyzes 30-kDa yolk proteins of the silkworm, Bombix mori. The deduced amino acid sequence consisted of 318 amino acids and shared sequences conserved in many serine proteases. Northern blot anal...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(00)00135-1
更新日期:2001-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of proteins is modified with carbohydrate structures. This modification, called glycosylation, was shown to be crucial for protein folding, stability and subcellular location, as well as protein-protein interactions, recognition and signaling. Protein glycosylation is involved in multiple physiological pr...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2017.02.005
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus thuringiensis subs. israelensis produces at least three Cry toxins (Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba, and Cry11Aa) that are active against Aedes aegypti larvae. Previous work characterized a GPI-anchored alkaline phosphatase (ALP1) as a Cry11Aa binding molecule from the gut of A. aegypti larvae. We show here that Cry4Ba binds ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2012.06.001
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insects taste nonvolatile chemicals through gustatory receptors (Grs) and make choices for feeding, mating, and oviposition. To date, genome projects have identified 69 Gr genes in the silkworm, Bombyx mori; however, the expression sites of these Grs remain to be explored. In this study, we used reverse transcription ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.12.008
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olfaction in Drosophila is mediated by a large family of membrane-bound odorant receptor proteins (Ors). In heterologous cells, we investigated whether the structural features and signalling mechanisms of ligand-binding Drosophila Ors are consistent with them being G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The detailed mem...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2008.05.002
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triatomines are vectors of Chagas disease and important model organisms in insect physiology. "Kissing bugs" are obligatory hematophagous insects. A blood meal is required to successfully complete oogenesis, a process primarily controlled by juvenile hormone (JH). We used Dipetalogaster maxima as an experimental model...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103499
更新日期:2020-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Measurements of Ca(2+) influx in Fura-2/AM loaded prothoracic glands (PGs) of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, after application of forskolin or the cAMP analogue, 8-bromo-cAMP, showed a steady increase in [Ca(2+)](i), which was of extracellular origin and was inhibited, in both cases, by the dihydropyridine (DHP) derivativ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(02)00206-0
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens, is a model species for hemimetabolous development and the most important pest insect in rice, which is the major staple crop for about half of the world population. Despite its importance, little is known of the N-glycosylation process in this insect. Here we report on the N-...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.01.008
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heterodimeric and homodimeric garlic lectins ASAI and ASAII were produced as recombinant proteins in the yeast Pichia pastoris. The proteins were purified as functional dimeric lectins, but underwent post-translational proteolysis. Recombinant ASAII was a single homogenous polypeptide which had undergone C-termina...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2008.07.002
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complete mitochondrial genome of the soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura), a major agricultural pest in the world, is described for the first time, which consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, as well as a large repeat region between tRNA-Glu and tRNA-Phe, and an AT-rich control regi...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103208
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The termite soldier is unique because of its defensive task in a colony. In Nasutitermitinae (family Termitidae), soldiers use in their defense frontal glands, which contain various chemical substances. To isolate the gene products related to the chemical defense, we compared the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2005.01.007
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eicosanoids play crucial roles in mediating insect immune responses. In vertebrates, phospholipase A2 (PLA2) releases arachidonic acid (AA) from phospholipids (PLs) for biosynthesis of various eicosanoids. However, little AA is found in PLs of lepidopteran insects. Spodoptera exigua, a lepidopteran insect, is known to...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103179
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown that Rhodnius prolixus' eggs and hemolymph are pink due to the presence of the hemeprotein Rhodnius heme-binding protein (RHBP). In the hemolymph it functions as an antioxidant. Nevertheless, its function in eggs has not been determined. Here we present evidence that RHBP is a source of heme f...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00163-1
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Midguts of the malaria-transmitting mosquito, Anopheles stephensi, were homogenized and microvillar membranes prepared by calcium precipitation and differential centrifugation. Oligosaccharides present on the microvillar glycoproteins were identified by lectin blotting before and after in vitro and in situ treatments ...
journal_title:Insect biochemistry and molecular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0965-1748(01)00040-6
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00