Abstract:
:This study examined the effects of elevated CO2 on secondary metabolites for saplings of tropical trees. In the first experiment, nine species of trees were grown in the ground in open-top chambers in central Panama at ambient and elevated CO2 (about twice ambient). On average, leaf phenolic contents were 48% higher under elevated CO2. Biomass accumulation was not affected by CO2, but starch, total non-structural carbohydrates and C/N ratios all increased. In a second experiment with Ficus, an early successional species, and Virola, a late successional species, treatments were enriched for both CO2 and nutrients. For both species, nutrient fertilization increased plant growth and decreased leaf carbohydrates, C/N ratios and phenolic contents, as predicted by the carbon/nutrient balance hypothesis. Changes in leaf C/N levels were correlated with changes in phenolic contents for Virola (r=0.95, P<0.05), but not for Ficus. Thus, elevated CO2, particularly under conditions of low soil fertility, significantly increased phenolic content as well as the C/N ratio of leaves. The magnitude of the changes is sufficient to negatively affect herbivore growth, survival and fecundity, which should have impacts on plant/herbivore interactions.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Coley P,Massa M,Lovelock C,Winter Kdoi
10.1007/s00442-002-1005-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-09-01 00:00:00pages
62-69issue
1eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/s00442-002-1005-6journal_volume
133pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Data in the literature that in the Netherlands Carabus problematicus is an autumn breeder with overwintering larvae and adults have been confirmed. Pitfall catches show two peaks of adult beetles. The first small peak of activity is realized in May, the significance of which is not yet understood. The second higher pe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346470
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. It was clarified, by means of breeding experiments conducted within a temperature range of 14-34°C, if the growth of Pieris influenced by diurnally fluctuating temperatures depends on a simple additive influence of day-and-night-temperatures or if its growth is accelerated or retarded under these conditions by spec...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00369026
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the importance of Na+ and Cl- to osmotic adjustment in a salt-tolerant ecotype of the C4 nonhalophyte Andropogon glomeratus, plants were watered with sorbitol, a neutral osmoticum, and synthetic seawater, for five days. Gas exchange measurements were made during the course of the watering treatment and duri...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378043
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Otolith microchemistry studies indicate that growth-phase (yellow stage) anguillid eels commonly shift at irregular intervals between fresh and saline waters, but this technique has not detected regular seasonal migrations across salinity zones. We tested the ability of otolith microchemistry and stable isotope analys...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-2969-8
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing eggs of Metrioptera roeseli HGB. have an obligate "embryonic" diapause in stage 23 and a facultative "initial" diapause in stage 4. Initial diapause is lacking when the ovipositing females are kept at long day photoperiod (LD 16/8), but is induced at LD 14/10 and LD 8/16. When natural light conditions are g...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00396769
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To preserve biodiversity and ecosystem functions in a globally changing world it is crucial to understand the effect of land use on ecosystem processes such as pollination. Floral colouration is known to be central in plant-pollinator interactions. To date, it is still unknown whether land use affects the colouration ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2627-6
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enemies hypothesis states that reduced insect herbivory in mixed-species stands can be attributed to more effective top-down control by predators with increasing plant diversity. Although evidence for this mechanism exists for invertebrate predators, studies on avian predation are comparatively rare and have not e...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3391-6
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the strength and type of interactions among species is vital to anticipate how ecosystems will respond to ongoing anthropogenic stressors. Here, we examine the ecological function of native (Ecklonia radiata) and invasive (Undaria pinnatifida) kelps in resisting shifts to sediment-trapping turf on reefs ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4275-3
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The palatability of 14 species of woody plant was assessed for three species of browsing ruminant, namely kudus, impalas and goats. Results show that palatability was most clearly related to leaf contents of condensed tannins. The effect was a threshold one, with all plants containing more than 5% condensed tannins be...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378466
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested whether temperature-induced variation in the growth rate of Rana cascadae tadpoles caused any variation in head width or leg length at metamorphosis, independent of the effects of temperature on body size. Body-size-adjusted head width appears to be insensitive to even large variations in tadpole growth rate...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000458
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interspecific hybridization is an important and common evolutionary mechanism, but field-based evaluations of changes in realized niches and zonation patterns of native and exotic hybrids relative to those of their parental plant species are rare. Would native hybrids forming hybrid zones between their parental specie...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4251-y
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Populations with dispersive larvae are often demographically open such that local reproduction and subsequent larval settlement are not linked. Thus, understanding whether and how settlement patterns are established and subsequently modified is central to understanding local demography. Settlement is typically not mea...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-001-0860-x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plants derived from ten representative Limnanthes alba populations in Northern California, grown in a common environment, showed significant among-population genetic variation of certain floral and life history characters. Variation of these two sets of characters also correlated with the geographic distribution of po...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379884
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence was given that the freezing tolerance of Halimione portulacoides, a wintergreen halophyte, can be explained by protection of sensitive cellular membranes in vivo. Experiments were done with cloned cuttings of a plant from the German North Sea coast. One series received no NaCl (O-plants) the other 3% NaCl (Na...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345190
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Theory on intraguild (IG) predation predicts that coexistence of IG-predators and IG-prey is only possible for a limited set of parameter values, suggesting that IG-predation would not be common in nature. This is in conflict with the observation that IG-predation occurs in many natural systems. One possible explanati...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1605-5
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the sessile hermit crab Discorsopagurus schmitti, four different feeding techniques are described: antennary beating, body-trap feeding, feeding on wafting particles, and scraping. This species' potential for being a generalist in its diet and opportunistic in its foraging behavior certainly opened the way for a se...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00341465
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genotypes of the annual legume Amphicarpaea bracteata vary in their degree of specialization toward different nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Plants of lineages "Ib" and "II" are specialized for mutualism with a limited group of bacterial genotypes. Lineage "Ia" plants are symbiotic generalists, interacting with all bacteri...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00334662
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium is an essential micronutrient for birds during egg formation and for skeletal development in nestlings. Habitat level studies suggest that birds breeding in low-calcium areas may be limited in the size or number of eggs they lay and in the quality of their nestlings. However, as birds forage non-randomly and m...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1222-8
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cladoceran hatching frequency can easily be calculated from observed egg age distribution and estimated egg development time. The large timelag errors of models incorporating birth rates in the equation are avoided, and the population growth rate can be estimated directly. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379525
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vernal ponds in the boreal region, egg-over-wintering Agabus species form a guild that feeds mainly on larvae and pupae of aedine mosquitoes. The regular co-existence of very similar Agabus species indicates local communities not structured by interspecific competition. However, the lower number of species in local...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379611
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental studies were used to examine the mechanisms governing the distribution and abundance of two major patch types in unshaded reaches of Augusta Creek, Michigan (USA). One patch type is dominated by Cladophora glomerata, a macroalga potentially able to monopolize space, whereas the other type is comprised of ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317787
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bradshaw (1965) proposed that phenotypic plasticity would be more common than adaptive genetic variability in species for which environmental fluctuations occur over periods roughly equal to that species' generation time. In an effort to examine this notion, sources of seasonal variation in two components of ovipositi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377341
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasticity in water-use efficiency (WUE) was examined in populations of Picea glauca (Moench) Voss and P. sitchensis (Bong.) Carr. and their natural hybrids from an ecocline along the Skeena Valley, British Columbia, which runs from the dry continental interior (P. glauca) to the wet maritime Pacific coast (P. sitchen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100659
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of separated diploid and polyploid populations within a contact zone is possible due to both prezygotic and postzygotic isolation mechanisms. Niche differentiation between two cytotypes may be an important prezygotic isolating mechanism and can be studied using reciprocal transplant experiments. We inv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1156-1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used a complete block design to experimentally study direct and indirect interactions in a three trophic-level freshwater system consisting of a top predator, the green sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus, an intermediate predator, small-mouthed salamander larvae, Ambystoma barbouri, and prey, hatchling isopods, Lirceus fon...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00323765
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of ornamental characters exposed to directional selection may be particularly sensitive to the effect of parasitic infections. Antlers are ornamental characters of importance in intraspecific interactions, and are in reindeer (Rangifer) developed by both males and females. By antihelmintic treatment of nat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00330020
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant resistance and tolerance to herbivores, parasites, pathogens, and abiotic factors may involve two types of costs. First, resistance and tolerance may be costly in terms of plant fitness. Second, resistance and tolerance to multiple enemies may involve ecological trade-offs. Our study species, the stinging nettle...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1488-4
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the role of nematode predation in the functioning of detrital food webs assembled in microcosms. The microcosms contained defaunated humus and litter materials, a diverse microbial community with bacteria, fungi and protozoa, and a birch (Betula pendula) seedling infected with mycorrhizal fungi. Different l...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050859
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Geographic patterns of intraspecific variations in traits related to photosynthesis and biomass were examined in two separate common garden experiments using seed collected from 26 Sitka alder (Alnus sinuata Rydb.) and 18 paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) populations from climatically diverse locations in British...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420051002
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many ecological studies rely heavily on chemical analysis of plant and animal tissues. Often, there is limited time and money to perform all the required analyses and this can result in less than ideal sampling schemes and poor levels of replication. Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) can relieve these cons...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050591
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00