Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Currently the majority of cancer deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries, where there are appreciable funding concerns. In Kenya, most patients currently pay out of pocket for treatment, and those who are insured are generally not covered for the full costs of treatment. This places a considerable burden on households if family members develop cancer. However, the actual cost of cancer treatment in Kenya is unknown. Such an analysis is essential to better allocate resources as Kenya strives towards universal healthcare. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the economic burden of treating cancer patients. METHOD:Descriptive cross-sectional cost of illness study in the leading teaching and referral hospital in Kenya, with data collected from the hospital files of sampled adult patients for treatment during 2016. RESULTS:In total, 412 patient files were reviewed, of which 63.4% (n = 261) were female and 36.6% (n = 151) male. The cost of cancer care is highly dependent on the modality. Most reviewed patients had surgery, chemotherapy and palliative care. The cost of cancer therapy varied with the type of cancer. Patients on chemotherapy alone cost an average of KES 138,207 (USD 1364.3); while those treated with surgery cost an average of KES 128,207 (1265.6), and those on radiotherapy KES 119,036 (1175.1). Some patients had a combination of all three, costing, on average, KES 333,462 (3291.8) per patient during the year. CONCLUSION:The cost of cancer treatment in Kenya depends on the type of cancer, the modality, cost of medicines and the type of inpatient admission. The greatest contributors are currently the cost of medicines and inpatient admissions. This pilot study can inform future initiatives among the government as well as private and public insurance companies to increase available resources, and better allocate available resources, to more effectively treat patients with cancer in Kenya. The authors will be monitoring developments and conducting further research.
journal_name
J Med Econjournal_title
Journal of medical economicsauthors
Atieno OM,Opanga S,Martin A,Kurdi A,Godman Bdoi
10.1080/13696998.2018.1484372subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-09-01 00:00:00pages
878-887issue
9eissn
1369-6998issn
1941-837Xjournal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:The relationship between chronic noncancer pain (CNCP) control and pain medication (analgesic) adherence has not been widely documented. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pain intensity and the degree of adherence to analgesic medication prescribed in pain clinics. There w...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2011.598202
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:More than 1.5 million patients worldwide are affected by bone metastases. Patients with bone metastases frequently develop skeletal-related events (SREs, including radiation to bone, non-vertebral fracture, vertebral fracture, surgery to bone, and spinal cord compression) that are associated with high health...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.774279
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To construct a value-based healthcare system for rural Chinese hypertensive patients through an increasing outpatient care reimbursement ratio. METHODS:This comparative study sampled two similar counties, Dangyang County and Zhijiang County, in Hubei Province of China, as the intervention group and the contr...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1558864
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the cost-effectiveness of panitumumab in combination with mFOLFOX6 (oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin) vs bevacizumab in combination with mFOLFOX6 as first-line treatment of patients with wild-type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in Spain. METHODS:A semi-Markov model was developed...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1285780
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A Phase-3 study of defibrotide compared with historical controls demonstrated a 23% improvement in 100-day survival post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) among patients with veno-occlusive disease with multi-organ dysfunction (VOD with MOD). AIM:To estimate the budget impact and cost-effective...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2016.1275652
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare rates of severe relapse and total direct and indirect costs over a 2-year period between US-based employees with multiple sclerosis (MS) who were adherent and non-adherent to disease-modifying drugs (DMDs). METHODS:Employees with ≥1 MS diagnosis (ICD-9-CM: 340.x) and ≥1 DMD pharmacy claim between ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2012.667027
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to describe the health-related quality-of-life (QoL) in patients after elective surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) compared to a normal population and to study the association between QoL and number of years since surgery. METHODS:All Danish men who underwent elective sur...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2011.626822
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been included in international guidelines as important alternatives to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for the treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and stroke prevention in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Meanwhile, in the Netherlands, NOAC...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1563404
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Biologic treatments have enhanced the treatment outcomes of patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Until recently, TNF-alpha-inhibitors have been the only biologics approved for the treatment of active AS. The objective of this study was to assess the potential financial impact of the first non-TN...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1551227
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disease, most frequently affecting women of childbearing age. Women with lupus are at increased risk of pregnancy complications that are exacerbated by active disease. Despite this, their use of medications and hospital resources has not been extensively st...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2015.1066796
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:This study aimed to evaluate the economic value for leuprorelin acetate 6-month depot compared with leuprorelin acetate 3-month depot from a societal perspective in Japanese prostate cancer patients. METHODS:The cost analysis estimated the reduction in direct and indirect costs as well as intangible costs saved b...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1362410
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Few studies have examined the costs associated with differing first-line chemotherapy regimens in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). This study compares the relative cost impact of women starting first-line chemotherapy with capecitabine versus taxanes. METHODS:Women receiving first-line chemother...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696990903269673
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In the phase III SECURE trial, isavuconazole was non-inferior to voriconazole for all-cause mortality for the primary treatment of invasive mold disease (IMD) caused by Aspergillus spp. and other filamentous fungi. This analysis assessed whether hospital resource utilization was different between patients tre...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.3111/13696998.2016.1164175
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the cost-effectiveness (CE) of the originator follitropin-α (Gonal-F) in patients undergoing a medically assisted reproduction (MAR) program in comparison to its biosimilars Bemfola and Ovaleap in a French context. METHODS:A CE model was developed for France with a National Health Service (NHS) per...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1551226
更新日期:2018-11-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bipolar 1 disorders (BPD) are a chronic disorder with prevalence rates of up to 2.6% of the adult population or higher and appreciable direct and indirect costs. As a result, these are a concern to health authorities especially given the low age of onset. Consequently, there is a need to treat BPD patients w...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.3111/13696998.2015.1073736
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Affordable Care Act (ACA) established the Hospital-Acquired Condition (HAC) Reduction Program. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) established a total HAC scoring methodology to rank hospitals based upon their HAC performance. Hospitals that rank in the lowest quartile based on their HAC ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1396993
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To model the economic impact of annual relapses/relapse-related hospitalizations among adults with schizophrenia treated with lurasidone or quetiapine extended-release (XR). METHODS:A probabilistic model estimating per-patient-per-year (PPPY) direct mental healthcare (MH) cost differences due to relapses/relap...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.809353
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To compare patient characteristics, rates, and costs of medically attended falls among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and probable PD plus neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (PD + nOH). MATERIALS AND METHODS:MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases (January 1, 2009-December 31, 2013) were...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1284668
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study compared real-world treatment patterns and healthcare costs among biologic-naive psoriasis patients initiating apremilast or biologics. METHODS:A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Optum Clinformatics™ claims database. Patients with psoriasis were selected if they had initiated apr...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2019.1571500
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cost-effectiveness analyses of new treatments for cardiovascular disease frequently require input parameters whose values are known with uncertainty due to limited data. The objective of this paper is to examine the extent to which published sensitivity analyses addressing this uncertainty adhere to Health Te...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3111/13696990903123813
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Until recently, standard treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) concerned a combination of short-term low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and long-term vitamin-K antagonist (VKA). Risk of bleeding and the requirement for regular anticoagulation monitoring are, however, limiting their use. Rivaroxaban is a...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/13696998.2017.1331912
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Switching drugs from prescription to non-prescription status (Rx-to-OTC) presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities to policy-makers and the industry in terms of managing health outcomes, pharmaceutical spending, and steering of consumer choices of therapy. Decision-analytic models are used to a...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.793693
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the costs of severe hypoglycaemic events (SHEs) in diabetes patients in Germany, Spain and the UK. METHODS:Healthcare resource use was measured by surveying 639 patients aged ≥ 16 years, receiving insulin for type 1 (n=319) or type 2 diabetes (n=320), who experienced ≥ 1 SHE in the preceding year....
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696990903336597
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Access to Critical Cerebral Emergency Support Services (ACCESS) was developed as a low-cost solution to providing neuro-emergent consultations to rural hospitals in New Mexico that do not offer comprehensive stroke care. ACCESS is a two-way audio-visual program linking remote emergency department physicians and th...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/13696998.2018.1426591
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the cost effectiveness of sevelamer vs calcium carbonate in patients with chronic kidney disease and not on dialysis (CKD-ND) from the perspective of the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. METHODS:A Markov decision analytic model was developed to estimate (1) total life years (LYs), quali...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.792267
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study outcomes of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with either glatiramer acetate (Copaxone) or interferon beta-1a for once-weekly, intramuscular administration (Avonex). METHODS:An 'intent-to-treat' (ITT) cohort (n=1282) was established, consisting of patients diagnosed with MS who began therapy ...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2010.496650
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The past few decades have been marked by a bold increase in national health spending across the globe. Rather successful health reforms in leading emerging markets such as BRICS reveal a reshaping of their medical care-related expenditures. There is a scarcity of evidence explaining differences in long-term m...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2015.1093493
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic disease with a substantial clinical and economic burden. This study estimated the potential budget impact (BI) associated with market entry of Sweet Vernal, Orchard, Perennial Rye, Timothy, and Kentucky Blue Grass Mixed Pollens Allergen Extract Tablet for Sublingual Use ('5...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2015.1061533
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Compare long-term costs and outcomes of lurasidone to aripiprazole among adults with schizophrenia in the US who previously failed ≥1 atypical antipsychotic (olanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine, or ziprasidone) based on an indirect comparison of outcomes data from clinical trials. METHODS:A 5-year Markov coh...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2013.807813
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Triple therapy using a protease inhibitor (PI) with peginterferon and ribavirin (PR) is increasingly used in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The most recently introduced PI, simeprevir (SMV), offers high levels of viral eradication combined with a reduced overall duration of therap...
journal_title:Journal of medical economics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3111/13696998.2015.1044457
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00