Abstract:
:Anxiety frequently develops in human life and it is usually useful for the organism. Anxiety helps accomodation to the social environment, however, it may be harmful when it is intensive and long-lasting. It can also cause psychosomatic diseases. Anxiety may present itself as mild or moderate stress, psychosomatic diseases or psychiatric disorders. In the general practice, about one third of the patients suffer from anxiety, but it is not easy to identify these patients because of the frequent somatic complaints which may cover anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of anxiety disorders is between 12.6% and 17.2% per year and, in a considerable proportion of patients, both anxiety and depression are present. Therapy of anxiety is complex including psychopharmacotherapy (antidepressants, anxiolytics, hypnotics), psychotherapy and life style changes. :A szorongás mindnyájunk életében jelen lévő, kismértékben kifejezetten hasznos érzés. Segíti, hogy megfelelően alkalmazkodjunk szociális környezetünkhöz, elkerüljünk számunkra káros és veszélyes helyzeteket, megfelelőn értékeljük a testünkből érkező jelzéseket. Ha azonban a szorongásszint egy bizonyos egészséges értéket meghalad, úgy nem csupán kínzó, de egészségkárosító hatása lehet, különösen akkor, ha tartósan, hosszú távon át érvényesül. A szorongás fokozatai a mindennapi stressztől a krónikussá váló stresszig terjednek, jól körvonalazott pszichiátriai kórképekben manifesztálódhatnak és úgynevezett pszichoszomatikus kórképek részeivé válhatnak. Alig van olyan testi betegség, amelynél a szorongásfaktor ne játszana legalább egy kisebb szerepet, míg a másik végpontot azon szomatikus kórképek jelentik, ahol a tünetek kórnemző faktora egyértelműen a szorongás, akár önálló formában is. Bár az irodalmi összefoglalókban közölt epidemiológiai adatok szerint az alapellátás orvosát felkereső pácienseknek mintegy harmada szenved szorongásos betegségben, a családorvos mégsem találkozik kifejezetten szorongó betegekkel – mivel előtérben a szorongás testi tünetei állnak, nemritkán újabb és újabb szomatikus panaszok formájában, egymást követő testi vizsgálatokat követelve. A szorongásos megbetegedések – amelyek egyéves prevalenciája 12,6–17,2%, és nagy átfedést mutatnak a depresszióval – a jól kezelhető és gyógyítható pszichés problémák közé tartoznak: a komplex kezelés a pszichofarmakoterápiát, nagy potenciálú benzodiazepinkészítményeket és korszerű antidepresszánsokat, valamint pszichoterápiát foglal magába, de az életmódrendezés, a megfelelő testsúly, étkezési stílus kialakítása és testmozgás is beletartozik. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(22), 859–864.
journal_name
Orv Hetiljournal_title
Orvosi hetilapauthors
Radics Jdoi
10.1556/OH.2014.29925subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-06-01 00:00:00pages
859-64issue
22eissn
0030-6002issn
1788-6120pii
Q8R2832731708N55journal_volume
155pub_type
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