Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Short- and long-acting β agonists (SABA and LABA) are bronchodilators for treating asthma. Bronchodilator response (BDR) is quantified by measuring air expired in the first second during a forced expiratory maneuver, prior to and following inhalation of SABA. BDR has been associated with a significant degree of heterogeneity, in part attributable to genetic variation. Heritability, the proportion of phenotypic variability accounted for by genetic variation is estimated to account for 50% of pulmonary function and 28.5% for BDR. AREAS COVERED:A MEDLINE search for English articles published from January 1990 to June 2014 was completed using the terms: bronchodilator, bronchodilator response, short-acting bronchodilator, long-acting bronchodilator, β2 adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB2), asthma and pharmacogenomics. The effects of ADRB2 variants on BDR and the safety of SABA and LABA + inhaled corticosteroids have been studied with equivocal results. Single and candidate gene studies have identified variants in other genes that alter response to bronchodilators. Associations were recently observed between hospital admission rates and two rare ADRB2 polymorphisms: Thr164Ile and a 25 base pair insertion-deletion at nucleotide -376. This was the first report of life-threatening events associated with LABA being linked to rare ADRB2 variants. EXPERT OPINION:Pharmacogenomic studies over the last two decades clearly demonstrate that polymorphisms alter patient response to bronchodilators in patients with asthma.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicoljournal_title
Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicologyauthors
Lima JJdoi
10.1517/17425255.2014.939956subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-01 00:00:00pages
1231-40issue
9eissn
1742-5255issn
1744-7607journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Type 2 diabetes often involves derangements in lipid levels in addition to insulin resistance and diminishing insulin secretion. Colesevelam hydrochloride, a bile acid sequestrant (BAS), is approved for adjunctive therapy to diet and exercise for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. In clinical studies in ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2012.672973
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mathematical models of dermal transport offer the advantages of being much faster and less expensive than in vitro or in vivo studies. The number of methods used to create such models has been increasing rapidly, probably due to the steady rise in computational power. Although each of the various approache...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1063615
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity, hypertension and Type 2 diabetes are major contributing factors to the increase in the number of patients that have chronic kidney disease. The clustering of visceral obesity and cardiovascular risk factors has been designated metabolic syndrome or cardiometabolic syndrome. Cardiometabolic syndrome ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.2.165
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The N-acetylation polymorphism has been the subject of comprehensive reviews describing the role of arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) in the metabolism of numerous aromatic amine and hydrazine drugs. AREAS COVERED:We describe and review data that more clearly defines the effects of NAT2 haplotypes an...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425255.2021.1840551
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in mammalian diets alter the hepatic expression of CYP drug-metabolising enzymes and endobiotic oxidases. Thus, dietary constituents may significantly influence the duration of action of chemicals in tissues. Recent improvements in the mechanistic information on the regulation of constitutive and inducible exp...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.3.2.185
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Neonatal patients, because of the inability of their immune system to properly respond to microbial challenge, are highly susceptible to viral infections. Immunoglobulins, monoclonal antibody and antiviral drugs are used for prophylaxis and treatment of viral diseases in neonates. Neonates and, especially,...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1108963
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The association between pregnancy and altered drug pharmacokinetic (PK) properties is acknowledged, as is its impact on drug plasma concentrations and thus therapeutic efficacy. However, there have been few robust PK studies of antimalarial use in pregnancy. Given that inadequate dosing for prevention or t...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425255.2020.1802425
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Multiple myeloma (MM) patients who relapse, or become refractory to currently available novel agents, have limited treatment options with poor outcomes. The introductions of the newer proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and the immunomodulatory agent pomalidomide have provided new treatment strategies within ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.827169
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The target concentration strategy uses PKPD information for dose determination. Models have also quantified exposure-response relationships, improved understanding of developmental pharmacokinetics, rationalized dose prescription, provided insight into the importance of covariate information, explained d...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2020.1739648
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Valproate (2-propylpentanoate) is available as valproic acid, sodium valproate and semisodium valproate. It has actions on dopamine, GABA and glutamate neurotransmission and intracellular signaling. Its main psychiatric use is to treat bipolar disorder. It has been used in other psychiatric disorders, including schizo...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425250902911455
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Small molecule tyrosine and serine-threonine kinase inhibitors (TKIs and STKIs) are emerging drugs that interfere with downstream signaling pathways involved in cancer proliferation, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. The understanding of their pharmacokinetics, the identification of their transporters...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1006626
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This meeting report presents a brief summary on the 4th Annual Predictive Toxicology Summit 2012, which was held on 15 - 16 February 2012 in London. AREAS COVERED:The majority of presentations came from global pharmaceutical companies, although small and medium enterprise (SME) and academic researchers we...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.802306
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The number of patients eligible for cardiovascular therapies in general is forecast to increase substantially in the coming decades. However, the current list of potential future cardiovascular blockbuster drugs is alarmingly short. There is thus a clear need for innovative strategies to increase the efficie...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.6.665
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The fixed-dose combination therapy of sofosbuvir (SOF) plus velpatasvir (VEL) is the first pangenotypic, direct-acting antiviral (DAA), single-treatment regimen (STR) for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection to be commercialized. It is approved for the treatment of HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2017.1292253
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Iloperidone is a newly commercialized second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic approved for the acute treatment of schizophrenia in adults. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:the purpose of this review is to describe the pharmacokinetic profile of iloperidone and its clinical implications in the tr...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2010.531259
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Catechins of green tea extract (GTE) have been associated with the rare risk of hepatotoxicity in a few individuals. As GTE were coadministered with synthetic drugs in some hepatotoxicity cases, uncertainty emerged whether GTE are a risk factor of drug-induced liver injury (DILI). AREAS COVERED:Case repor...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2014.971011
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dosing of antibiotics in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) is challenging, due to altered pharmacokinetics, difficulty of lung tissue penetration, and increasing presence of antimicrobial resistance. AREAS COVERED:The purpose of this work is to critically review original data as well as previous reviews an...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/17425255.2021.1836157
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The burden of seasonal influenza in children is poorly recognized, in spite of the potential for severe and even life-threatening illness and common secondary complications. Children are a primary reservoir for the spread of influenza to both family members and the community, which imposes a sizeable social and econom...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.3.5.755
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Telaprevir is one of the first direct-acting antiviral drugs approved for the treatment of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1. Following its approval in 2011, new data regarding the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were reported, leading to important clinical applications. AREAS COVERED:This arti...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1049532
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Medication of pregnant women is increasingly common in developed countries. Several placental drug transporters have been shown to transfer their substrates from the trophoblast back to the maternal circulation, thus hindering the transplacental passage of xenobiotics and protecting the fetus. However, the...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1005073
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Bioaccessibility is a growing area of research in the field of risk assessment. As polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants, they are the toxicants of focus to establish cancer risks in humans. Orally ingested PAHs also cause toxicity and even affect the pharmacokinet...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2013.823157
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Adverse drug reactions with an immune pathogenesis are a problem in the clinic and an impediment to drug development. T lymphocytes are believed to play a role in the pathogenesis; however, the nature of the drug interaction with immune receptors remains an area of debate. AREAS COVERED:This article revie...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.992780
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are widely used for the treatment of epilepsy. However, ∼ 30% of patients do not remain seizure free. It is possible that methylxanthine derivatives (e.g., caffeine and theophylline) may partially account for this outcome. AREAS COVERED:Data on the convulsive activity of methylx...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2014.920822
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In vitro genotoxicity assays have a high sensitivity to detect rodent carcinogens, but mammalian cell tests have a propensity for misleading positive results (poor specificity). Recent data show a greater risk of misleading positive results in p53-deficient rodent cell lines than in p53-competent human cel...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2011.627855
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Pediatric critical illness and associated alterations in organ function can change drug pharmacokinetics (PK). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), a life-saving therapy for severe cardiac and/or respiratory failure, causes additional PK alterations that affect drug disposition. AREAS COVERED:The p...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2016.1201066
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Integration of targeted therapy and additional chemotherapy options has improved median overall survival (OS) in patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Cetuximab and panitumumab are examples of targeted therapies, specifically against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Th...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1112787
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sertindole is a second-generation antipsychotic recently reintroduced in the market for the treatment of schizophrenia after a reevaluation of its risks and benefits. OBJECTIVE:This article provides an overview of the pharmacological properties of sertindole as well as of its efficacy, tolerability and safe...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.4.5.629
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A medical need remains for a once-daily insulin with 24-h basal coverage in all patients. We characterize the steady-state (SS) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties of insulin degludec (IDeg) versus insulin glargine (IGlar). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:In this controlled, single-center study, 66 type ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1517/17425255.2015.1058779
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sesamin is a major lignan found in sesame and is known to have various biological effects. Some of these biological effects occur following its metabolic conversion to corresponding catechols and, therefore, the study of sesamin metabolism is quite important. There is currently a need to identify the enzym...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/17425255.2012.637917
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) complicates 10% of all pregnancies and is defined as hyperglycemia first noted during pregnancy. Rates of GDM are rising and untreated GDM results in complications for both mother and fetus. GDM is often managed by diet and exercise but 30-40% of women will require pharm...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/17425255.2016.1187131
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00