Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Neonatal patients, because of the inability of their immune system to properly respond to microbial challenge, are highly susceptible to viral infections. Immunoglobulins, monoclonal antibody and antiviral drugs are used for prophylaxis and treatment of viral diseases in neonates. Neonates and, especially, preterm infants differ in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion from adults and older children. AREAS COVERED:This review will evaluate deficiencies of neonatal immune responses to microbial challenge that predispose newborns to viral infections, clinical manifestations and the treatment of viral diseases in neonates. We focus on published studies describing antiviral drug pharmacokinetics in neonates and make recommendations on the dosing of these drugs, allowing achievement of maximal clinical benefits in neonates. EXPERT OPINION:While some efforts were undertaken to study pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antiviral drugs, much more needs to be done. Current data indicate that the pharmacokinetics of antiviral drugs may vary significantly depending on gestational age, maturation processes of drug-metabolizing enzymes and renal clearance. Specifics of pharmacokinetics of antiviral drugs need to be taken into consideration when they are prescribed to neonates and infants.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicoljournal_title
Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicologyauthors
Enioutina EY,Constance JE,Stockmann C,Linakis MW,Yu T,Rower JE,Balch AH,Sherwin CMdoi
10.1517/17425255.2015.1108963subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
1861-78issue
12eissn
1742-5255issn
1744-7607journal_volume
11pub_type
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