Abstract:
:We investigated breeding bird communities of isolated woodlots (1.8-600 ha) in east-central Illinois during three summers (1979-1981) to compare the influence of area and habitat on community structure. Woodlots supported from 9 to 43 species and composition was relatively constant among years. Ecological generalists dominated small woodlots, while more specialized species increased in importance with area. Area accounted for most variation (86-98%) in total species number in each year and the species-area relationship did not change significantly among years. The amount of variance accounted for by area was greater than in previous studies. Neither habitat nor woodlot isolation explained significant additional variation in total species richness after area. Area accounted for most variation in number of species in different migratory and breeding habitat categories, except for short-distance migrants, which correlated most strongly with habitat. Variation in habitat was not related to woodlot area and habitat accounted for additional variation in bird species numbers in most cases. Abundances of one-third to one-half of species examined correlated with woodlot area, but a greater proportion (66-72%) were influenced more strongly by habitat variables. Results from Illinois support previous conclusions that species that breed in forest interior habitat and winter in the tropics are most likely to be adversely affected by a reduction in forest habitat. Results also show that bird communities in isolated tracts of forest are not random assemblages, but rather that species found in smaller woodlots are subsets of species found in larger forests.
journal_name
Ecologyjournal_title
Ecologyauthors
Blake JG,Karr JRdoi
10.2307/1939864subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-12-01 00:00:00pages
1724-1734issue
6eissn
0012-9658issn
1939-9170journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ECOLOGY文献大全abstract::The interactive effects of consumers and nutrients on terrestrial plant communities, and the role of plant functional traits in mediating these responses, are poorly known. We carried out a six-year full-factorial field experiment using mammalian herbivore exclusion and fertilization in two habitat types (fertile and ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-0393.1
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Development of a mechanistic understanding and predictions of patterns of biodiversity is a central theme in ecology. One of the most influential theories, the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (IDH), predicts maximum diversity at intermediate levels of disturbance frequency. The dynamic equilibrium model (DEM), an ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0976
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although invasive species can have substantial impacts on animal communities, cases of invasive species facilitating native species by removing their predators have rarely been demonstrated across vertebrate trophic linkages. The predictable spread of the invasive cane toad (Rhinella marina), however, offered a unique...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1332.1
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The data set provided here includes 8,320 frugivory interactions (records of pairwise interactions between plant and frugivore species) reported for the Atlantic Forest. The data set includes interactions between 331 vertebrate species (232 birds, 90 mammals, 5 fishes, 1 amphibian, and 3 reptiles) and 788 plant specie...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1818
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many tropical forests are characterized by large losses of plant-available forms of nitrogen (N), indicating that they are N rich, and by an abundance of plants capable of symbiotic N fixation. These N-fixing plants can fix enough N to drive N richness. However, biological N fixation (BNF) is more expensive than using...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1733
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent work has shown a potential role for both host plant genotype and spatial context in structuring insect communities. In this study, we use three separate data sets on herbivorous insects on oak (Quercus robur) to estimate the relative effects of host plant genotype (G), location (E), and the G x E interaction on...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-1027.1
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Piles of large wood (LW) deposited by major floods in river corridors can interact with naturally occurring wildfires from uplands to impact the regeneration of riparian vegetation. This study examines the spatial and short-term temporal response of riparian vegetation and soil nutrients to fire along the Sabie River,...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-1270.1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to the ideal free distribution (IFD) theory, individuals that are able to perceive the quality of different patches in a landscape and disperse freely are expected to redistribute themselves proportionally to the carrying capacities of heterogeneous patches. Here, we argue that, when dispersal is uncondition...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-1922.1
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the oceans cover 70% of the Earth's surface and the open ocean is by far the largest ecosystem on the planet, our knowledge regarding diversity patterns of pelagic fauna is very scarce. Here, we examine large-scale latitudinal and depth-related patterns of pelagic cephalopod richness in the Atlantic Ocean in ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0638.1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forests play an influential role in the global carbon (C) cycle, storing roughly half of terrestrial C and annually exchanging with the atmosphere more than five times the carbon dioxide (CO2 ) emitted by anthropogenic activities. Yet, scaling up from field-based measurements of forest C stocks and fluxes to understan...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2229
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of food web studies are based on connectivity, top-down impacts, bottom-up flows, or trophic position (TP), and ecologists have argued for decades which is best. Rarely have any two been considered simultaneously. The present study uses a procedure that integrates the last three approaches based on taxon-...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2228
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is now ample evidence that biodiversity stabilizes aggregated ecosystem functions, such as primary production, in changing environments. In primary producer systems, this stabilizing effect is found to be driven by higher functional resistance (i.e., reduced changes in functions by environmental changes) rather ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1601
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most taxa show consistent individual differences in behavior, a phenomenon often referred to as animal "personalities." While the links between individual personality and fitness have received considerable attention, little information is available on how animal personality impacts higher-order ecological processes, s...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-2424.1
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecological theory predicts that generalist predators should damp or suppress long-term periodic fluctuations (cycles) in their prey populations and depress their average densities. However, the magnitude of these impacts is likely to vary depending on the availability of alternative prey species and the nature of ecol...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0483.1
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abiotic soil properties, plant community composition, and herbivory all have been reported as important factors influencing the composition of soil communities. However, most studies thus far have considered these factors in isolation, whereas they strongly interact in the field. Here, we study how grazing by vertebra...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-0134.1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in species diversity often result from species losses and gains. The dynamic nature of beta diversity (spatial variation in species composition) that derives from such temporal species turnover, however, has received relatively little attention. Here, we disentangled extinction and colonization components of b...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.3183
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a lengthy debate on whether the abundance of adult reef fishes depends on prerecruitment or postrecruitment processes; however, we still do not have the ability to predict the magnitude of local fish recruitment. Here we show that the success of the leopard grouper (Mycteroperca rosacea) recruitment in ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0857.1
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2014, a DNA-based phylogenetic study confirming the paraphyly of the grass subtribe Sporobolinae proposed the creation of a large monophyletic genus Sporobolus, including (among others) species previously included in the genera Spartina, Calamovilfa, and Sporobolus. Spartina species have contributed substantially (...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2863
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predators play a key role in shaping natural ecosystems, and understanding the factors that influence a predator's kill rate is central to predicting predator-prey dynamics. While prey density has a well-established effect on predation, it is increasingly apparent that predator density also can critically influence pr...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/15-1535.1
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant tolerance of herbivory, i.e., the ability to recover after damage, is an important component of how plants cope with herbivores. Tolerance has long been hypothesized to be constrained evolutionarily by plant resistance to herbivores, traits that allow plants to cope with stressful growing conditions, and traits ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1995
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herbivory and dispersal play roles in the coexistence of primary producers with shared resource limitation by imposing trade-offs either through apparent competition or dispersal limitation. These mechanisms of coexistence can further interact with meta-ecosystem effects, which results in spatial heterogeneity through...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2699
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bioclimatic envelope models use associations between aspects of climate and species' occurrences to estimate the conditions that are suitable to maintain viable populations. Once bioclimatic envelopes are characterized, they can be applied to a variety of questions in ecology, evolution, and conservation. However, som...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1930.1
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding of how plant communities are organized and will respond to global changes requires an understanding of how plant species respond to multiple environmental gradients. We examined the mechanisms mediating the distribution patterns of tidal marsh plants along an estuarine gradient in Georgia (USA) using a c...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-0487.1
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::All communities vary through time. This variability originates from both intrinsic and extrinsic sources. Intrinsic sources are due to actions of organisms in a community, i.e., population dynamics and species interactions, while extrinsic variability is variability created by elements of habitat or environmental chan...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-0350.1
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We provide algebraic simplifications for the redundancy analysis (RDA) eigenvalue and the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) eigenvalue in the special case of permanent plots sampled twice. The indices for RDA and CCA are interrelated and are intuitively interpretable. These simplifications also apply to simple s...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0842.1
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under a metacommunity framework, the spatial configuration of habitat fragments could determine local community structure. Yet, quantifying fragment connectivity is challenging, as it depends on multiple variables at several geographical scales. We assessed the extent to which fragment connectivity and area explain pa...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2883
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some species have disproportionate influence on assemblage structure, given their numbers or biomass. Most examples of such "strong interactors" come from small-scale experiments or from observations of the effects of invasive species. There is evidence that entire avian assemblages in open woodlands can be influenced...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/10-2340.1
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Joint species distribution modeling has enabled researchers to move from species-level to community-level analyses, leading to statistically more efficient and ecologically more informative use of data. Here, we propose joint species movement modeling (JSMM) as an analogous approach that enables inferring both species...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2622
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological theory suggests that pathogens will not cause host extinctions because agents of disease should fade out when the host population is driven below a threshold density. Nevertheless, infectious diseases have threatened species with extinction on local scales by maintaining high incidence and the ability ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-2257.1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecosystems can undergo abrupt transitions between alternative stable states when the driver crosses a critical threshold. Dynamical systems theory shows that when ecosystems approach the point of loss of stability associated with these transitions, they take a long time to recover from perturbations, a phenomenon know...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2722
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00