Abstract:
:Age-period-cohort models are a popular tool for studying population-level rates; for example, trends in cancer incidence and mortality. Age-period-cohort models decompose observed trends into age effects that correlate with natural history, period effects that reveal factors impacting all ages simultaneously (e.g. innovations in screening), and birth cohort effects that reflect differential risk exposures that vary across birth years. Methodology for the analysis of multiple population strata (e.g. ethnicity, cancer registry) within the age-period-cohort framework has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we outline a general model for characterizing differences in age-period-cohort model parameters for a potentially large number of strata. Our model incorporates stratum-specific random effects for the intercept, the longitudinal age trend, and the model-based estimate of annual percent change (net drift), thereby enabling a comprehensive analysis of heterogeneity. We also extend the standard model to include quadratic terms for age, period, and cohort, along with the corresponding random effects, which quantify possible stratum-specific departures from global curvature. We illustrate the utility of our model with an application to metastatic prostate cancer incidence (2004-2013) in non-Hispanic white and black men, using 17 population-based cancer registries in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program.
journal_name
Stat Methods Med Resjournal_title
Statistical methods in medical researchauthors
Chernyavskiy P,Little MP,Rosenberg PSdoi
10.1177/0962280217713033subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
20-34issue
1eissn
0962-2802issn
1477-0334journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Immunotherapy, gene therapy or adoptive cell therapies, such as the chimeric antigen receptor+ T-cell therapies, have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects in oncology patients. We consider statistical designs for dose-finding adoptive cell therapy trials, in which the monotonic dose-response relationship assumed...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220977009
更新日期:2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::The statistical analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with multiple diseases and shared controls (SCs) is discussed. The usual method for analyzing data from these studies is to compare each individual disease with either the SCs or the pooled controls which include other diseases. We observed that apply...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280212474061
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the limitation of solely relying on statistical significance, researchers have proposed methods to draw biomedical conclusions based on clinical significance. The minimal clinically important significance is one of the most fundamental concepts to study clinical significance. Based on an anchor question ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280219850191
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer patients are subject to multiple competing risks of death and may die from causes other than the cancer diagnosed. The probability of not dying from the cancer diagnosed, which is one of the patients' main concerns, is sometimes called the 'personal cure' rate. Two approaches of modelling competing-risk surviva...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280209347046
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper reviews recent developments by the Washington/Brown groups for the study of anatomical shape in the emerging new discipline of computational anatomy. Parametric representations of anatomical variation for computational anatomy are reviewed, restricted to the assumption of small deformations. The generation ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228029700600305
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling is one of the most popular tools for analyzing repeated measurement data, particularly for applications in the biomedical fields. Multiple integration and nonlinear optimization are the two major challenges for likelihood-based methods in nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. To solve thes...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220949898
更新日期:2020-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::In the clinical development of some new infectious disease drugs, early clinical pharmacology trials may predict with high confidence that the efficacious doses are well below the range of the safety margin. In this case, a dose-ranging study may be unnecessary after a proof-of-concept (PoC) study testing the highest ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280218807950
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a novel likelihood method for analyzing time-to-event data when multiple events and multiple missing data intervals are possible prior to the first observed event for a given subject. This research is motivated by data obtained from a heart monitor used to track the recovery process of subjects experiencing...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280212466089
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper is based on a conference presentation in which several authors presented results from analyses of the same dataset concerning the evaluation of progression-free survival (PFS) as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival in advanced colorectal cancer clinical trials. In evaluating a potential surrogate endp...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280207081860
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the field of diagnostic studies for tree or umbrella ordering, under which the marker measurement for one class is lower or higher than those for the rest unordered classes, there exist a few diagnostic measures such as the naive AUC ( NAUC), the umbrella volume ( UV), and the recently proposed TAUC, i.e. area unde...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280218755810
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparison of sequences that have descended from a common ancestor based on an explicit stochastic model of substitutions, insertions and deletions has risen to prominence in the last decade. Making statements about the positions of insertions-deletions (abbr. indels) is central in sequence and genome analysis and is ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280208099500
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Longitudinal zero-inflated count data are encountered frequently in substance-use research when assessing the effects of covariates and risk factors on outcomes. Often, both the time to a terminal event such as death or dropout and repeated measure count responses are collected for each subject. In this setting, the l...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280216659312
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agreement between two methods of clinical measurement can be quantified using the differences between observations made using the two methods on the same subjects. The 95% limits of agreement, estimated by mean difference +/- 1.96 standard deviation of the differences, provide an interval within which 95% of differenc...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228029900800204
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mixed models estimated by maximum likelihood and marginal models estimated by generalized estimating equations are the standard methods for the analysis of longitudinal data. However, their use is highly debated when attrition may be due to death. While some authors consider that mixed model estimates are interpretabl...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217723675
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many applications of zero-inflated models, score tests are often used to evaluate whether the population heterogeneity as implied by these models is consistent with the data. The most frequently cited justification for using score tests is that they only require estimation under the null hypothesis. Because this es...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220937324
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simple mechanistic epidemic models are widely used for forecasting and parameter estimation of infectious diseases based on noisy case reporting data. Despite the widespread application of models to emerging infectious diseases, we know little about the comparative performance of standard computational-statistical fra...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217747054
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-parametric linkage analysis examines similarities among affected relatives in alleles of one or more genetic markers (pieces of DNA at known locations on a chromosome). The objective is to evaluate departures from the null hypothesis that the markers are not near a disease gene. Under the null hypothesis, Mendel's...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228020101000103
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tracking a subject's risk factors or health status over time is an important objective in long-term epidemiological studies with repeated measurements. An important issue of time-trend tracking is to define appropriate statistical indices to quantitatively measure the tracking abilities of the targeted risk factors or...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280219839427
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveys are key means of obtaining policy-relevant information not available from routine sources. Bias arising from non-participation is typically handled by applying weights derived from limited socio-demographic characteristics. This approach neither captures nor adjusts for differences in health and related behavi...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280219854482
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In reliability theory, diagnostic accuracy, and clinical trials, the quantity P ( X > Y ) + ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220966629
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early phase trials of complex interventions currently focus on assessing the feasibility of a large randomised control trial and on conducting pilot work. Assessing the efficacy of the proposed intervention is generally discouraged, due to concerns of underpowered hypothesis testing. In contrast, early assessment of e...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280215589507
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dynamic treatment regime is a set of decision rules for how to treat a patient at multiple time points. At each time point, a treatment decision is made depending on the patient's medical history up to that point. We consider the infinite-horizon setting in which the number of decision points is very large. Specific...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217708655
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Count responses are becoming increasingly important in biostatistical analysis because of the development of new biomedical techniques such as next-generation sequencing and digital polymerase chain reaction; a commonly met problem in modeling them with the popular Poisson model is overdispersion. Although it has been...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280215583397
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methods for the analysis of reliability of ordered categorical scales are discussed, focussing on the limitation of the single summary-weighted kappa coefficients. A symmetric matrix of kappa-type coefficients is suggested as an alternative. The method is proposed as being suitable for ordinal scale where there is no ...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0962280205sm413oa
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study proposes semiparametric models for analysis of hierarchical count data containing excess zeros and overdispersion simultaneously. The methods discussed in this paper handle nonlinear covariate effects through flexible semiparametric multilevel regression techniques. This is performed by providing a comprehe...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280216657376
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data in many experiments arise as curves and therefore it is natural to use a curve as a basic unit in the analysis, which is termed functional data analysis (FDA). In longitudinal studies, recent developments in FDA have extended classical linear models and linear mixed effects models to functional linear models (als...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1191/0962280204sm352ra
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medical research commonly relies on the combination of 2 x 2 tables of counted data for making inferences about treatment effects or about the causes of disease. This article reviews point estimation and interval estimation for a common odds ratio. Traditional methods for providing these estimates face special challen...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096228029400300204
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents a new model-based generalized functional clustering method for discrete longitudinal data, such as multivariate binomial and Poisson distributed data. For this purpose, we propose a multivariate functional principal component analysis (MFPCA)-based clustering procedure for a latent multivariate Gau...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280220921912
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we develop a simple diagnostic test for the random-effects distribution in mixed models. The test is based on the gradient function, a graphical tool proposed by Verbeke and Molenberghs to check the impact of assumptions about the random-effects distribution in mixed models on inferences. Inference is c...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280214564721
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aim To present a flexible model for repeated measures longitudinal growth data within individuals that allows trends over time to incorporate individual-specific random effects. These may reflect the timing of growth events and characterise within-individual variability which can be modelled as a function of age. Subj...
journal_title:Statistical methods in medical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0962280217706728
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00