[Renal transplantation in recipients with moderate presensitization].

Abstract:

AIM:to comparatively assess desensitization schemes with and without plasmapheresis in patients with low presensitization. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:The investigators studied the efficiency of the two desensitization schemes (cascade plasma filtration + intravenous immunoglobulin used in a dose of 100 mg/kg in 19 patients (a study group; panel reactive antibodies (PRA) 25.1±6.1%) versus 2 g/kg in 23 patients (a comparison group, PRA 18.9±4.4%). The crossmatch reaction was negative in both groups. The median follow-up period was 23.5 (quartiles 1 and 3: 10.25 and 26) months. RESULTS:The study group was noted to have 6 episodes of acute rejection and 1 episode of infection; the comparison group had 13 and 3 episodes, respectively. The overall renal graft survival was 79 and 65% in the study and comparison groups, respectively; the 1-year graft survival was 94 and 62%. Graft function was significantly better in the study group: there was a lower daily proteinuria level (p<0.001) at 3 months after transplantation; a higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (p=0.001) and a lower daily proteinuria level (p=0.01) at 6 months; a lower serum creatinine comcentration (p=0.001) and lower daily proteinuria (p=0.001) and a higher GFR (p=0.001) at one year. CONCLUSION:Even with the relatively low level of sensitization, there is an increase in the frequency of acute rejection episodes and worse graft function. The efficiency of desensitization using cascade plasma filtration and low-dose intravenous immunoglobulin is higher than that with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin. :Цель исследования. Сравнительная оценка схем десенсибилизации с применением и без применения плазмафереза у больных с невысоким уровнем предсенсибилизации. Материалы и методы. Проведено сравнительное исследование эффективности двух схем десенсибилизации: каскадная плазмофильтрация + внутривенное введение иммуноглобулина в дозе 100 мг/кг у 19 пациентов - основная группа; набор реактивных антител - PRA 25,1±6,1%) и в дозе 2 г/кг (23 пациента - группа сравнения, PRA 18,9±4,4%). Реакция кросс-матч отрицательная в обеих группах. Медиана срока наблюдения составила 23,5 (1-й и 3-й квартили: 10,25; 26) мес. Результаты. В основной группе отмечено 6 эпизодов острого отторжения и 1 эпизод инфекции, в группе сравнения - 13 и 3 эпизода соответственно. Общая выживаемость трансплантатов: в основной группе 79%, в группе сравнения 65%; годовая - 94 и 62% соответственно. Функция трансплантата была значительно лучше в основной группе: через 3 мес после трансплантации ниже уровень суточной протеинурии (р<0,001), через 6 мес - выше скорость клубочковой фильтрации - СКФ (р=0,001) и ниже суточная протеинурия (р=0,01), через год - ниже уровень креатинина в сыворотке (р=0,001) и суточная протеинурия (р=0,001) и выше СКФ (р=0,001). Заключение. Даже при относительно невысоком уровне сенсибилизации наблюдается повышение частоты эпизодов острого отторжения и ухудшение функции трансплантата. Эффективность десенсибилизации с применением каскадной плазмофильтрации и низкими дозами внутривенного иммуноглобулина выше, чем при изолированном применении высоких доз иммуноглобулина.

journal_name

Ter Arkh

journal_title

Terapevticheskii arkhiv

authors

Vatazin AV,Zulkarnaev AB

doi

10.17116/terarkh201688867-72

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-01 00:00:00

pages

67-72

issue

8

eissn

0040-3660

issn

2309-5342

journal_volume

88

pub_type

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