Abstract：
:Affective disorders and personality changes have long been considered pre-motor aspects of Parkinson's disease (PD). Many authors have used the term "premorbid personality" to define distinctive features of PD patients' personality characterized by reduced exploration of new environmental stimuli or potential reward sources ("novelty seeking") and avoidance behaviour ("harm avoidance") present before motor features. The functional correlates underlying the personality changes described in PD, implicate dysfunction of meso-cortico-limbic and striatal circuits. As disease progresses, the imbalance of neurotransmitter systems secondary to degenerative processes, along with dopamine replacement therapy, can produce a reversal of behaviours and an increase in reward seeking, laying the foundations for the emergence of the impulse control disorders. Personality disorders can be interpreted, therefore, as the result of individual susceptibility arising from intrinsic degenerative processes and individual personality features, in combination with extrinsic factors such as lifestyle, PD motor dysfunction and drug treatment. For a better understanding of personality disorders observed in PD and their relationship with the prodromal stage of the disease, prospective clinical studies are needed that correlate different personality profiles with other disease progression markers. Here, we review previous studies investigating the clinical, cognitive and behavioural correlates of personality traits in PD patients.
journal_name
J Neurol Scijournal_title
Journal of the neurological sciencesauthors
Santangelo G,Piscopo F,Barone P,Vitale Cdoi
10.1016/j.jns.2017.01.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-03-15 00:00:00pages
17-25eissn
0022-510Xissn
1878-5883pii
S0022-510X(17)30015-1journal_volume
374pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Focal spinal cord blood flow was measured in the left dorsal column during left sciatic nerve stimulation, and compared to blood flow in the same area during sciatic nerve inactivity. Blood flow was found to be significantly increased during stimulation. It is suggested that this increased blood flow is a reflection o...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(78)90148-x
更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Late-onset depression (LOD) could be a very early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD), although contradictory results have been reported. Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) may favor the development of LOD, and that the particular forms of vascular depression should be individualized. The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsi...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.038
更新日期：2007-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain myelin was studied in genetically obese (ob/ob) mice and compared with that of normal (+/+) mice from the same strain. The brain from obese mice had a significantly lower amount of myelin, and marked changes in the fatty acid composition of myelin were observed. In contrast, the myelin cholesterol: phospholipid:...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(85)90104-2
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammation plays a critical role in the stroke onset and even in the worsening of the lesions. Therefore, the investigation of inflammatory response in the acute stage may contribute to improve the treatment of ischemic stroke. High-sensitive CRP (hsCRP), IL-6 and TNFalpha were measured as inflammatory markers o...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2008.03.020
更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:In-situ hybridization with labeled oligonucleotide probes was applied to explore cytokine and chemokine mRNA expression in sections of striated muscle, the target organ in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG), induced in Lewis rats by immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AChR) and complete Freund's ad...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(98)00181-6
更新日期：1998-11-26 00:00:00
abstract：:A 70-year-old woman had complex behavioural changes of sudden onset. The symptoms consisted of indifference, docility and inappropriate urination, but predominantly in a lack of attention. She was unable to maintain the attention necessary to perform a goal-directed activity and she was distracted by any stimulus, suc...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(81)90107-6
更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Neurodegenerative diseases are often characterized by the presence of intracellular or extracellular protein aggregates in the central nervous system. Mutations of TARDBP gene have been shown to cause Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and have been reported to present with clinical heterogeneity including parkins...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2018.04.043
更新日期：2018-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The choice of dopaminergic therapy in early Parkinson disease (PD) is an important clinical decision, yet factors influencing this decision have not been extensively studied. We sought to investigate the factors that may be associated with the choice of dopaminergic therapy at the NINDS Exploratory Trials in PD (NET-P...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2016.04.021
更新日期：2016-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by vigorous movements during REM sleep. Here, the authors report the case of a patient who presented such a disorder immediately after the implantation of the definitive electrode for left subthalamic stimulation. Interestingly, this was and has remained a unique epis...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2006.11.005
更新日期：2007-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormal function of apolipoprotein E (apoE) has been implicated in the incidence of some neurological disorders including dementia. Our recent experiments have shown that apoE deficiency alters the dynamics of alpha tocopherol (vitamin E) handling by brain. In the current investigation, we examined the uptake and ret...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.350
更新日期：2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:To distinguish the different origins of cervical N13 potentials in median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs), cervical N13 potentials were recorded by two different montages. The abnormal patterns of the SSEPs were compared to the abnormal evoked spinal cord responses (ESCPs) recorded from posterior epidura...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00509-3
更新日期：2001-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The size and the distribution of type I and tye II fibres was determined in the gluteus maximus (21 cases), gluteus medius (56 cases) and tensor faciae latae (27 cases) muscles of patients with osteoarthritis of the hip. The patients were of both sexes, aged between 37 and 64 years (younger group) and between 65 and 7...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(80)90123-9
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human leptomeningeal (arachnoid and pia mater) cells in culture have been demonstrated in replicated studies to express typical neuronal proteins such as neurofilament protein and neuron-specific enolase. In addition, they can express glial fibrillary acidic protein. The present study examines the possibility that neu...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(96)00189-x
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Superficial siderosis (SS) of the central nervous system is a rare disorder caused by chronic or recurrent hemorrhages into the subarachnoid space with hemosiderin and ferritin deposition, which leads to neuronal damage. The source of bleeding remains unknown in 50% of cases. Recently, attention has been focused on fl...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2011.07.034
更新日期：2012-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Fatigue is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease patients. The reasons for its perception are not completely understood. One suggested possibility might be that perceived fatigue is related with abnormal interpretation of somatic symptoms. It has been described that somatic markers misinterpretat...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2013.12.003
更新日期：2014-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Two methods for the investigation of oligoclonal immunoglobulin bands in cerebrospinal fluid are compared. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) in agarose gels combined with a highly sensitive affinity immunoblotting proved to be superior to PAGE-IEF and silver staining regarding detection sensitivity and expenditure of labour....
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(91)90167-6
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of chorea-acanthocytosis (CA) syndrome is described. The presence of acanthocytes has usually been considered an important diagnostic marker of CA. However, it is not specific and other neurological diseases have to be considered. In the present report we rule out other diagnostic possibilities and show that th...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00005-2
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the impact of disease progression on health-related quality of life in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). METHODS:A total of 161 patients with ALS were enrolled. Assessments included the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale and the ALS Assessment Questionnaire (ALSAQ-40). Data analysis compris...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2018.12.035
更新日期：2019-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain imaging studies as well as neuropsychological case studies suggest an important role for basal ganglia in arithmetic processing. Aim of this study was to assess possible numerical deficits in PD and functional relations between numerical and other cognitive deficits. Fifteen non-demented patients with early PD (...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.037
更新日期：2006-10-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on the assumption that brain ischemia and hypoxia are central causes of brain damage, the maintenance of an adequate tissue oxygenation is a primary objective in the field of neurocritical care. Thus, monitoring brain tissue oxymetry, allowing the possibility to discriminate between normal and critically impaire...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2007.04.026
更新日期：2007-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA and RNA (nucleic) antibodies were found in the CSF of 18 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) (out of 45), 11 with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) (out of 12) and 9 controls (out of 30). Viral (measles and rubella, by HAI) antibodies were present in all SSPE, 23 MS and 11 control patients. A clear corr...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(78)90225-3
更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Wernicke's encephalopathy is often undiagnosed, particularly in non-alcoholics. There are very few reports of non-alcoholic patients diagnosed with Korsakoff syndrome in the absence of a prior diagnosis of Wernicke's encephalopathy and no studies of diffusion tensor imaging in non-alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome. We repo...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2016.09.025
更新日期：2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare disorder characterized by the aggregation of malignant large cell lymphoma cells in small vessels. Neurological manifestations are typically the initial and, often the only, clinically obvious consequences of this malignancy. Diagnosis is dependent on biopsy or postmortem demonst...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2005.01.001
更新日期：2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical, genetic and electrophysiological study of 3 patients with an association of a neuronal form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease (CMTD) with a syndrome of continuous motor unit activity (CMUA) are reported, with light and electron microscopy of muscle and sural nerve biopsies in 2 patients. The unusual clinica...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(84)90105-9
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to review the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and the immunopathological mechanisms involved in the neuronal damage. NMO is an inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that most commonly affects the optic nerves and...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2015.05.034
更新日期：2015-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is characterized by opsoclonus and arrhythmic-action myoclonus that predominantly involves the trunk, limbs, and head. Human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6) can rarely cause encephalitis in immunocompetent children and adults. Here we report on a case of OMS associated with HHV-6 rhomboencep...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2014.04.013
更新日期：2014-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:A method is described which characterises the conduction deficit of a nerve in terms of the distribution of the refractory periods of transmission (RPTs) of its constituent fibres. The RPT is a particularly sensitive index of conduction deficit and measures the ability of a nerve fibre to conduct pairs of closely spac...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(80)90200-2
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We hypothesize that Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) binding is common in poststroke dementia (PSD) and that cognitive decline may be faster in PIB positive patients. We performed PIB positron emission tomography (PET) among 17 subjects: 10 PSD patients, 4 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and 3 healthy controls. We also ...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jns.2009.12.014
更新日期：2010-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We performed a population based survival analysis of all incident cases (220) of motor neuron disease (MND) in the province of Turin, Italy, during the period 1966-1980. 175 cases were diagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), 43 as progressive muscular atrophy (PMA) and 2 as progressive bulbar palsy (PBP). Th...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(84)90004-2
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sympathetic skin response (SSR) is a simple, reproducible test of function of a polysynaptic reflex having diverse afferents, a common efferent pathway through the spinal cord, pre and post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers and with sweat glands as effectors. The reflex is co-ordinated in the posterior hypothalamus or upp...
journal_title：Journal of the neurological sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0022-510x(94)00265-p
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
