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The effects of autonomous difficulty selection on engagement, motivation, and learning in a motion-controlled video game task.

Abstract：

:This experiment investigated the relationship between motivation, engagement, and learning in a video game task. Previous studies have shown increased autonomy during practice leads to superior retention of motor skills, but it is not clear why this benefit occurs. Some studies suggest this benefit arises from increased motivation during practice; others suggest the benefit arises from better information processing. Sixty novice participants were randomly assigned to a self-controlled group, who chose the progression of difficulty during practice, or to a yoked group, who experienced the same difficulty progression but did not have choice. At the end of practice, participants completed surveys measuring intrinsic motivation and engagement. One week later, participants returned for a series of retention tests at three different difficulty levels. RM-ANCOVA (controlling for pre-test) showed that the self-controlled group had improved retention compared to the yoked group, on average, β=46.78, 95% CI=[2.68, 90.87], p=0.04, but this difference was only statistically significant on the moderate difficulty post-test (p=0.004). The self-controlled group also showed greater intrinsic motivation during practice, t(58)=2.61, p=0.01. However, there was no evidence that individual differences in engagement (p=0.20) or motivation (p=0.87) were associated with learning, which was the relationship this experiment was powered to detect. These data are inconsistent with strictly motivational accounts of how autonomy benefits learning, instead suggesting the benefits of autonomy may be mediated through other mechanisms. For instance, within the information processing framework, the learning benefits may emerge from learners appropriately adjusting difficulty to maintain an appropriate level of challenge (i.e., maintaining the relationship between task demands and cognitive resources).

journal_name

Hum Mov Sci

journal_title

Human movement science

authors

Leiker AM,Bruzi AT,Miller MW,Nelson M,Wegman R,Lohse KR

doi

10.1016/j.humov.2016.08.005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-10-01 00:00:00

pages

326-35

eissn

0167-9457

issn

1872-7646

pii

S0167-9457(16)30109-9

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章

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The effects of autonomous difficulty selection on engagement, motivation, and learning in a motion-controlled video game task.