Abstract:
:The thermoregulatory significance of a striped-melanic colour polymorphism in the common garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis, was assessed through a combination of labortory experimentation and field study. In experiments with living snakes the melanic morph maintained a higher body temperature than the striped morph, when exposed to natural insolation. Experiments with excised skin showed that this thermal advantage is attributable to some integumental difference between the two morphs. Body temperatures of snakes in the field revealed that, during the colder part of the active season, melanics were able to stay warmer than striped snakes by an amount (1.24 C°) approximating the difference observed in the laboratory. Some evidence and argument is presented to suggest that melanism also may confer protection against overheating in warm periods.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Ralph Gibson A,Bruce Falls Jdoi
10.1007/BF00346675subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1979-10-01 00:00:00pages
99-109issue
1eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00346675journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Gynoparae (autumn migrants) of the bird cherry-oat aphid,Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), were not found to land randomly on their primary host,Prunus padus L. Some trees, although within a few metres of heavily infested trees, were not colonized at all. This phenomenon occurs regularly from year to year.The reasons for this ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01036740
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation in body size (weight) is examined across the order Carnivora in relation to taxonomy (phylogeny), latitude, habitat, zonation, activity cycle, diet, prey size, and prey diversity. Significant differences in body weight are observed with respect to family membership. Some of these differences may be explained...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00790026
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of separated diploid and polyploid populations within a contact zone is possible due to both prezygotic and postzygotic isolation mechanisms. Niche differentiation between two cytotypes may be an important prezygotic isolating mechanism and can be studied using reciprocal transplant experiments. We inv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1156-1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neotropical shrub Pentagonia macrophylla Benth. (Rubiaceae) has protandrous two-day flowers. Synchronous development among flowers on a single individual results in sequential phenotypic unisexuality: the entire plant alternates gender from day to day. Pistillate flowers produce more nectar than staminate flowers ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00384790
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current theory predicts that in low-density, seed-limited plant populations, seed predation will be more important than competition in determining the number of individuals that reach maturity. However, when plant density is high, competition for microsites suitable for establishment and growth is expected to have a r...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1350-0
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous mechanisms are proposed to explain why exotic plants successfully invade natural communities. However, the positive effects of native engineers on exotic plant species have received less consideration. We tested whether the nutrient-rich soil patches created by a native ecological engineer (refuse dumps from ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1589-1
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of litter has the potential to alter the population dynamics of plants. In this paper, we explore the effects of litter on population dynamics using a simple experimental laboratory system with populations of the annual crucifer, Cardamine pensylvanica. Using a factorial experiment with four densities and...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/PL00008877
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Energy budgets explain how organisms allocate energetic intake to accomplish essential processes. A likely life history trade-off occurs between growth and immune response in juvenile organisms, where growth is important to avoid predation or obtain larger prey and immune response is essential to survival in the prese...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3365-8
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Indirect interactions among plant species mediated by frugivorous animals can be central to population and community dynamics, since the successful seed dispersal of species may depend on facilitative or competitive interactions with heterospecific plants. Yet, empirical evidence on these interactions is very scarce a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04434-9
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals with high metabolic rates are believed to have high rates of carbon and nitrogen isotopic incorporation. We hypothesized that (1) chronic exposure to cold, and hence an increase in metabolic rate, would increase the rate of isotopic incorporation of both 13C and 15N into red blood cells; and (2) that the rate ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0066-8
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paper considers a model of competition, based upon the Lotka-Volterra equations, which explicitly considers the effect of density independent mortality upon the outcome of competition. The model's possible application to wild Drosophila species in Europe are considered. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345527
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial and temporal variation in resource distribution affect the movement and foraging behavior of many animals. In the case of animal-dispersed trees, numerous studies have addressed masting-the synchronized variation in seed production between years-but the fitness consequences of spatial variation in seed product...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3557-x
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computer simulations of a pollinator foraging in a mixture of two species were used to explore how plant reproduction can be influenced by interspecific pollination movements. Interspecific pollen transfer led to strong competitive effects when availabilities of pollen, receptive stigma surfaces, or pollinator movemen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00349811
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a period of food deprivation, animals often respond with a period of faster than normal growth. Such responses have been suggested to result in decreased chromosomal maintenance, which in turn may affect the future fitness of an individual. Here, we present a field experiment in which a food deprivation period o...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3263-0
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant invasions can have substantial consequences for the soil ecosystem, altering microbial community structure and nutrient cycling. However, relatively little is known about what drives these changes, making it difficult to predict the effects of future invasions. In addition, because most studies compare soils fro...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2022-0
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The structure and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton communities in the littoral zone were compared between oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes in the southeastern United States. Differences in diversity and species composition between lakes could be ascribed to long-term variation in nutrients corresponding to trophic s...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00380005
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility of ecosystem boundary changes in northern Brazilian Amazonia during the Holocene period was investigated using soil organic carbon isotope ratios. Determination of past and present fluctuations of the forest-savanna boundary involved the measurement of natural 13C isotope abundance, expressed as δ13C, ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329051
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shoot herbivory by the sapling specialist shoot-borer Cromarcha stroudagnesia (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Chrysauginae) is shown to have large direct and indirect effects on the rates of height increment and mortality of saplings of its host tree, Tabebuia ochracea (Bignoniaceae), in the secondary successional tropical d...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1233-4
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenological synchrony between herbivorous insects and host plants is an important determinant of insect distribution and abundance. Non-native insects often experience novel climates, photoperiods, and host plants. How critical time periods of insect life cycles coincide with-or diverge from-phenological windows of h...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04465-2
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In long-lived species, adult survival is the population parameter having the highest elasticity, and therefore, it can be expected to be least affected by climatic variations. We studied the dynamics and survival of breeding female common eiders Somateria mollissima mollissima in the Baltic Sea from 1960 to 2007. Usin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1265-x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of feeding of the mirid bug Capsodes infuscatus on fruit production of the geophyte Asphodelus ramosus was studied in a desert area in Israel. Plant and bug densities and percent loss of fruit production were measured in a relatively dry lower colluvial slope, an intermediate upper colluvial slope, and a re...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328960
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence was given that the freezing tolerance of Halimione portulacoides, a wintergreen halophyte, can be explained by protection of sensitive cellular membranes in vivo. Experiments were done with cloned cuttings of a plant from the German North Sea coast. One series received no NaCl (O-plants) the other 3% NaCl (Na...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345190
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Central Negev, the arido-active Hammada scoparia (Chenopodiaceae) is mainly distributed in runnels and loessial plains of the wadis and exists with fewer and smaller individuals on slopes and tops of the neighboring hills. At the end of the dry season, water relations and chloride content of plants from these h...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345961
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tree population size structures and dispersion patterns were studied using stem maps in three old-growth western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Sarg.)-western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn.) stands in the Rocky Mountains of northern Idaho and adjacent Washington. The two species were codominant in one stand, hemlock domin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379473
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Florivores are present in many pollination systems and can have direct and indirect effects on both plants and pollinators. Although the impact of florivores are commonly examined in facultative pollination mutualisms, their effects on obligate mutualism remain relatively unstudied. Here, we used experimental manipula...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2694-8
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals were acclimitized to a daily cycle of 15-25°C and a photoperiod of LD 12:12. Parietalectomized animals in an experimental thermal gradient (15°C-40°C, LD 12:12) selected significantly higher temperatures than controls at all hours of the day except from 0800-1200. These results suggest that the lizard parapine...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345581
更新日期:1974-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The arboreal ant fauna was investigated in Budongo Forest, a seasonal rain forest in Uganda, using the insecticidal fogging technique. Ants were collected from 61 trees, between 7 and 33 m in height, belonging to four tree species. Trees were growing in adjacent plots of forests characterized by different use and stru...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1010-9
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marion Island (47°S, 38°E) has one of the most oceanic climates on earth, with consistently low air temperatures, high precipitation, constantly high humidity, and low incident radiation. Since 1968 mean surface air temperature has increased significantly, by 0.025° C year-1. This was strongly associated with correspo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317338
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate (RBPC) 14CO2 fixation rate was measured at four different temperatures, 5°, 15°, 25° and 35° C, in three populations of Espeletia schultzii at different altitudes, 3100, 3550 and 4200 ma.s.l. The fixation rate increased with temperature increase in the populations studied. The population...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317283
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The life ofOncopeltus fasciatus centers on the seeds of milkweeds (Asclepiadaceae,Asclepias syriaca in this study). Adults reproduce prolifically on these seeds, but they engage in only half as much copulation and lay only a few eggs when fed milkweed buds and flowers instead. They can not maintain body weight on a di...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00582894
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00