Are xylem-tapping mistletoes partially heterotrophic?

abstract：:During the last 20 years, ecologists discovered the importance of including spatial relationships in models of species distributions. Among the latest developments in modelling how species are spatially structured are eigenfunction-based spatial filtering methods such as Moran's eigenvector maps (MEM) and principal co...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Blanchet FG,Legendre P,Maranger R,Monti D,Pepin P

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developing leaves that are soft, with high concentrations of resources, can be particularly vulnerable to herbivore damage. Since a developing leaf cannot be very tough, given the constraints of cell expansion, the major form of protection is likely to be chemical defence. We investigated changes in concentration of h...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Brunt C,Read J,Sanson GD

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental plots covering a 120 years' observation period in unthinned, even-aged pure stands of common beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and common oak (Quercus Petraea) are used to scrutinize Reineke's (1933) empirically derived stand density rule [see text], N=tr...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pretzsch H

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interspecific interactions can vary within and among populations and geographic locations. This variation can subsequently influence the evolution and coevolution of species interactions. We investigated population and geographic variation in traits important to pollinating seed-consuming interactions between the seni...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Holland JN,Fleming TH

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small marine invertebrates often use sessile organisms as microhabitats, which can provide food sources and/or serve as refugees from predators. Because of the availability of external food items such as epibionts and detritus in the marine environment, these invertebrates may not depend on the sessile organisms as so...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kumagai NH

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dissolved O(2) is an important aquatic ecosystem health indicator. Metabolic and gas exchange (G) rates, which control O(2) concentration, are affected by nutrient loading and other environmental factors. Traditionally, aquatic metabolism has been reported as primary production:community respiration (P:R) ratios using...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Venkiteswaran JJ,Wassenaar LI,Schiff SL

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regeneration methods for coastal sage srub vegetation after fire were studied in the coastal Santa Monica Mountains of southern California. Six sites were sampled two years after a large fire of fall, 1978. The intensity of fire varied. Foliar cover and flowering incidence were recorded for individuals regenerating by...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Malanson GP,O'Leary JF

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vein placement has been hypothesised to control leaf hydraulic properties, but the ecophysiological significance of variation in vein placement in the angiosperms has remained poorly understood. The highly diverse Neotropical Bromeliaceae offers an excellent system for exploring understudied relationships between leaf...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Males J

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stand thinning across different soil drainage types was used to test the ecophysiological basis for the control of foliar monoterpenes in current-year foliage of balsam trees [Abies balsamea (L.) P. Mill.] the year following treatment. Photosynthetic capacity (A max) was greater on mesic sites than on sub-hygric and h...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lamontagne M,Bauce É,Margolis H

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental studies were used to examine the mechanisms governing the distribution and abundance of two major patch types in unshaded reaches of Augusta Creek, Michigan (USA). One patch type is dominated by Cladophora glomerata, a macroalga potentially able to monopolize space, whereas the other type is comprised of ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hart DD

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of a number of factors, notably leaf mining insects, on the longevity of beech and holm oak leaves have been studied. The regular monitoring of individually labelled leaves was complemented by analysis of leaf fall data. Both methods confirm that these mining insects have only a slight impact on their host...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pritchard IM,James R

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the physiological, behavioral, and genetic contributions to growth rate, we studied the thermal sensitivity of growth rate in hatchlings of the iguanid lizards Sceloporus occidentalis and S. graciosus in the laboratory. We used a cycling thermal regime patterned after thermal environments found in natur...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sinervo B,Adolph SC

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pea aphids have several alternative responses to the detection of alarm pheromone produced by conspecifics. One of these, dropping from the feeding site to the ground, is potentially costly owing to the risk of desiccation-induced mortality on the ground before another host plant can be reached. Both dropping and walk...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Dill LM,Fraser AH,Roitberg BD

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate (RBPC) 14CO2 fixation rate was measured at four different temperatures, 5°, 15°, 25° and 35° C, in three populations of Espeletia schultzii at different altitudes, 3100, 3550 and 4200 ma.s.l. The fixation rate increased with temperature increase in the populations studied. The population...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Castrillo M

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enemies hypothesis states that reduced insect herbivory in mixed-species stands can be attributed to more effective top-down control by predators with increasing plant diversity. Although evidence for this mechanism exists for invertebrate predators, studies on avian predation are comparatively rare and have not e...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Muiruri EW,Rainio K,Koricheva J

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extent of the response of plant growth to atmospheric CO2 enrichment depends on the availability of resources other than CO2. An important growth-limiting resource under field conditions is nitrogen (N). N may, therefore, influence the CO2 response of plants. The effect of elevated CO2 (60 Pa) partial pressure (pC...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Zanetti S,Hartwig UA,van Kessel C,Lüscher A,Hebeisen T,Frehner M,Fischer BU,Hendrey GR,Blum H,Nösberger J

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) increases in body depth in response to chemical cues from piscivores and the deeper body constitutes a morphological defence against gape-limited piscivores. In the field, deep-bodied individuals suffer a density-dependent cost when competing with shallow-bodied conspecifics. Here, w...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pettersson LB,Brönmark C

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changing environments can have divergent effects on biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships at alternating trophic levels. Freshwater mussels fertilize stream foodwebs through nutrient excretion, and mussel species-specific excretion rates depend on environmental conditions. We asked how differences in mussel di...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Spooner DE,Vaughn CC,Galbraith HS

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a field study of the haematocrit of pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) nestlings when close to fledging. First a descriptive study was conducted of both fledgling and adult haematocrit over 2 years to analyse correlates of variation in this trait. Then a swapping experiment was performed to see whether var...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Potti J,Moreno J,Merino S,Frías O,Rodríguez R

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper we test the influence of temperature and interference competition by dominant species on the foraging of subordinate species in Mediterranean ant communities. We have analyzed the changes in resource use by subordinate species in plots with different abundances of dominant ants, and in different periods ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cerdá X,Retana J,Manzaneda A

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two nearctic ants, Leptothorax canadensis and Leptothorax sp. A, young queens may either found their own nest solitarily after mating or seek adoption into an established colony. Whether a queen disperses or not is associated with genetically determined queen morphology in Leptothorax sp. A. Whereas a majority of w...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Heinze J

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structure and seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton communities in the littoral zone were compared between oligotrophic and eutrophic lakes in the southeastern United States. Differences in diversity and species composition between lakes could be ascribed to long-term variation in nutrients corresponding to trophic s...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lemly AD,Dimmick JF

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Habitat selection, and its associated density and frequency-dependent evolution, has a profound influence on such vital phenomena as population regulation, species interactions, the assembly of ecological communities, and the origin and maintenance of biodiversity. Different strategies of habitat selection, and their ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Morris DW

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple regression analyses were made of the effect of food composition upon energetic efficiency and existence energy of House Sparrows, Passer domesticus. Protein content of experimental food is the most important of eleven independent variables tested in the prediction of energetic efficiency. Other variables sign...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Blem CR

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The definition of photosynthetically active radiation (Q) as the visible waveband (λ 400-700 nm) is a core assumption of much of modern plant biology and global models of carbon and water fluxes. On the other hand, much research has focused on potential mutation and damage to leaves caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiatio...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Turnbull TL,Barlow AM,Adams MA

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the impact of multiple stressors on ecosystems is of pronounced importance, particularly when one or more of those stressors is anthropogenic. Here we investigated the role of physical disturbance and increased nutrients on reefs dominated by the canopy-forming kelp Ecklonia radiata. We combined experime...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Carnell PE,Keough MJ

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants experience unique challenges due to simultaneous life in two spheres, above- and belowground. Interactions with other organisms on one side of the soil surface may have impacts that extend across this boundary. Although our understanding of plant-herbivore interactions is derived largely from studies of leaf he...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Barber NA,Adler LS,Bernardo HL

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although consumers often rely on chemical information to optimize their foraging strategies, it is poorly understood how top carnivores above the third trophic level find resources in heterogeneous environments. Hyperparasitoids are a common group of organisms in the fourth trophic level that lay their eggs in or on t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cusumano A,Harvey JA,Dicke M,Poelman EH

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The predator Amoeba proteus induced behavioural and morphological changes in ciliates of the genus Euplotes. The frequency of avoidance behaviour in E. octocarinatus increased from 16±5% to 84±5% (SD) after 14 h of coexistence with the predator. The ciliate's width increased from 59±3 μm to 77±4 μm (SDM) within 48 h. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kusch J

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of tree height on shoot traits may in some cases differ in magnitude and direction from the effects of light. Nevertheless, general patterns of change in shoot traits in relation to variations in height and light have not so far been revealed. A comprehensive analysis of the differences between the effects...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Osada N,Okabe Y,Hayashi D,Katsuyama T,Tokuchi N

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00