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Temporal Trends in Mechanical Complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Reperfusion therapy led to an important decline in mortality after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Because the rate of cardiogenic shock has not changed dramatically, the authors speculated that a reduction in the incidence or fatality rate of mechanical complications (MCs), the second cause of death in these patients, could explain this decrease. OBJECTIVES:This study sought to assess time trends in the incidence, management, and fatality rates of MC, and its influence on short-term mortality in old patients with STEMI. METHODS:Trends in the incidence and outcomes of MC between 1988 and 2008 were analyzed by Mantel-Haenszel linear association test in 1,393 consecutive patients ≥75 years of age with first STEMI. RESULTS:Overall in-hospital mortality decreased from 34.3% to 13.4% (relative risk reduction, 61%; p < 0.001). Although the absolute mortality due to MC decreased from 9.6% to 3.3% (p < 0.001), the proportion of deaths due to MC among all deaths did not change (28.1% to 24.5%; p = 0.53). The incidence of MC decreased from 11.1% to 4.3% (relative risk reduction 61%) with no change in their hospital fatality rate over time (from 87.1% to 82.4%; p = 0.66). The proportion of patients undergoing surgical repair decreased from 45.2% to 17.6% (p = 0.04), with no differences in post-operative survival (from 28.6% to 33.3%; p = 0.74). CONCLUSIONS:Although the incidence of MC has decreased substantially since the initiation of reperfusion therapy in elderly STEMI patients, this reduction was proportional to other causes of death and was not accompanied by an improvement in fatality rates, with or without surgery. MCs are less frequent but remain catastrophic complications of STEMI in these patients.

journal_name

J Am Coll Cardiol

journal_title

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

authors

Puerto E,Viana-Tejedor A,Martínez-Sellés M,Domínguez-Pérez L,Moreno G,Martín-Asenjo R,Bueno H

doi

10.1016/j.jacc.2018.06.031

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-08-28 00:00:00

pages

959-966

issue

eissn

0735-1097

issn

1558-3597

pii

S0735-1097(18)35355-5

journal_volume

pub_type

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Temporal Trends in Mechanical Complications of Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Elderly.