Abstract：
:Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is an important diagnostic tool in contemporary clinical practice. This document presents an expert opinion from the Working Group on Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology of the Polish Cardiac Society concerning the indications, performance technique, and interpretation of results for CPET in adult cardiology. CPET is an electrocardiographic exercise test expanded with exercise evaluation of ventilatory and gas exchange parameters. It allows for a global assessment of the exercise performance including the pulmonary, cardiovascular, hematopoietic, neuropsychological, and musculoskeletal systems. It provides a noninvasive dynamic evaluation during exercise and is a reference modality for exercise capacity assessment. Moreover, it allows the measurement of numerous prognostic parameters. It is useful in cardiology, pulmonology, oncology, perioperative assessment, rehabilitation as well as in sports medicine and in the evaluation of healthy people. This test not only helps to diagnose the causes of exercise intolerance but also supports the evaluation of the treatment. New opportunities are offered by combining CPET with imaging such as exercise stress echocardiography. These tests are complementary and synergistic in their diagnostic and prognostic strength.
journal_name
Kardiol Poljournal_title
Kardiologia polskaauthors
Smarż K,Jaxa-Chamiec T,Chwyczko T,Główczyńska R,Jegier A,Niedoszytko P,Piotrowicz E,Rybicki J,Straburzyńska-Migaj E,Szalewska D,Szmit S,Wolszakiewicz Jdoi
10.33963/KP.14889subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-08-23 00:00:00pages
730-756issue
7-8eissn
0022-9032issn
1897-4279journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章,实务指引abstract：BACKGROUND:Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a potential risk factor for ischaemic stroke in young individuals. An interventional method of secondary stroke prevention in PFO patients is its percutaneous closure. AIM:To assess safety and effectiveness (i.e. lack of residual shunt) of percutaneous PFO closure in patients w...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although surgical treatment for tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) has been used with considerable success, right ventricular function may remain altered after repair. The NT-proBNP assessment has been shown to be a reliable parameter for the heart failure assessment. AIM:To determine NT-proBNP values in assessment ...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recanalisation of chronic total occlusion (CTO) of a coronary artery can be reflected by improvements in various clinical parameters. Revealing increased parasympathetic activity would constitute an additional argument for performing this procedure. AIM:To assess the effect of CTO recanalisation on barorefl...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5603/KP.a2013.0356
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple health and economic consequences related to obesity cause it to be regarded as a problem of social significance; body mass control has become a crucial element in the process of diabetes treatment. AIM:This paper shows factors differentiating body mass values in diabetes patients. METHODS:The rese...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.5603/KP.2013.0096
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of a woman who had acute coronary syndrome caused by myocardial bridge. She was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and stent implantation. Two months after the procedure the patient had myocardial infarction because of subacute thrombosis and during the second intervention another stent ...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are known to cluster in individuals, but the effect of cumulative exposure has not been thoroughly described in terms of CVD risk. AIMS:The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between accumulation of psychosocial risk factors such as low...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.33963/KP.14814
更新日期：2019-05-24 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) in the setting of haemodynamic disturbances requires frequently repeated cardioversions, which is associated with the risk of myocardial damage. It is thus necessary to identify methods which can minimise the cardioverter impulse energy. AIM:To define the defibrillation ...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent data from "real world" registries and some randomised trials concerning the safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents (DES) in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are equivocal. AIM:We sought to compare DES with bare-metal stents (BMS) in STEMI patients treated with primar...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dual antiplatelet therapy reduces the risk of thrombotic complications after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). AIM:To assess whether inhibition of platelet function attenuates microvascular damage in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS:We studied 83 STE...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 75 patients 24-hour ecg monitoring value was compared with exercise test in diagnostics of postinfarction silent ischemia. Results compatibility of both comparing examinations was 79% with regard to only painless ischemia (p less than 0.001) and 91% to both estimated painless or painful episodes (p less than 0.001)...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In patients with heart failure treated with cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT), proper programming of the device can enhance the benefits of stimulation. Nowadays, adjustment of atrio-ventricular delay (AVD) is usually guided by echocardiography and performed only in resting conditions. The issue of optimal CRT p...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been shown that early abciximab administration before primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) improves efficacy of treatment. However, there are no data on the impact of this strategy on left ventricular (LV) function during long-term fo...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Heart failure affects patients with normal left ventricular systolic function (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFPEF]) and those with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF). The treatment of HFPEF remains an unresolved issue. AIM:We sought to determinate the relationship between inflammatory mark...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5603/KP.a2018.0214
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Statins have anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effects, which are known as non-lipid effects. Statin treatment can decrease endogenous inflammatory response. AIM:To study the effects of atorvastatin on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) - markers of the prote...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) is present before operation and persists after surgery in 30-40% of patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. Using the maze procedure, 75-82% of patients can be cured of AF, but the procedure is difficult and long lasting. Percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation has emer...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a case of the left atrial myxoma 6 years after atrial fibrillation ablation. The initial diagnosis of the mass revealed on echocardiography was a thrombus. Failure of anticoagulant treatment and transesophageal echocardiography led to diagnosis of myxoma, confirmed intraoperatively and histologically. ...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Systolic dyssynchrony as an indication for cardiac re-synchronization therapy is present in a considerable subset of patients with congestive heart failure undergoing surgical coronary revascularisation. Coronary artery bypass grafting offers an optimal setting for totally epicardial cardiac re-synchroniza...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of a 66-year-old male with acute myocardial infarction (MI) treated with streptokinase is presented. Due to the recurrence of angina six days from the acute phase of MI, the patient underwent coronary angiography which revealed critical stenosis of the left anterior descending coronary artery. During intracoron...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of triple antithrombotic therapy (TAT) consisting of an oral anticoagulant (OAC), aspirin, and a P2Y12 inhibitor in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and / or undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a high risk of bleeding. Recently, several...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.33963/KP.15428
更新日期：2020-06-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Between 1st January and 31st December 1987 126 consecutive patients underwent full myocardial revascularization using at least one internal mammary artery bypass grafting in Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of University of Freiburg. In 78 patients (75 males, 3 females) DSA was performed within 8 days after surger...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations (ANP) were determined in 4 patients with pheochromocytoma during its surgical removal. There was no correlation among ANP level, plasma catecholamines concentrations and blood pressure. Increase of plasma ANP concentration after tumor removal can be explained by simultaneously...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The group of patients who experienced an acute coronary syndrome and cardiosurgical procedures is diversified with regard to psychological condition. Organic heart disease leads to reduction in their life quality. Comprehensive rehabilitation may result in subjective improvement of patients' life quality. A...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Major vessel stenoses are currently successfully treated with stent implantation. Recently, new cobalt-chromium stents (Andrastents XL and XXL, Andramed, Germany) have been introduced into clinical practice. This alloy combines high biocompatibility with radial strength and flexibility. AIM:To present our e...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Studies of the diet of heart failure (HF) patients, available in the literature, indicate that this diet is highly inadequate in light of the existing recommendations. AIM:To assess the nutrition of middle-aged patients with HF compared to a control group representing the general population without HF. MET...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5603/KP.a2013.0184
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Since flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is influenced by different factors, its clinical usefulness and validation is widely discussed. AIM:To assess the major factors that determine FMD values in a wide range of subjects with and without cardiovascular (CV) risk factors/diseases (CVRF/CVD). METHODS AND RESUL...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5603/KP.a2013.0316
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. The incidence of Kawasaki disease varies from 180 in Japan through 20 in United States to 5-8 in the European countries per 100,000 children younger than 5 years of age. AIM:To evaluate cardiac complicati...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5603/KP.a2015.0136
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:No-reflow (NR) is a strong and independent predictor of poor cardiovascular outcomes among ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. AIMS:To investigate the association of acute-to-chronic (A/C) glycemic ratio with no-reflow (NR) development in STEMI patients following primary percutaneous corona...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.33963/KP.15736
更新日期：2020-12-31 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The current analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) is one of the noninvasive methods of cardiovascular system assessment. The quantitative characteristics of the RR interval sequence and its dynamics are still under development as regards measurement techniques and development of new HRV interpretation m...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelin is a family of potent vasoconstrictor peptides of vascular endothelial origin. Although it has been proposed that the vasoconstrictor effects of endothelin are produced at the local vascular level, the current study was performed to test the hypothesis that plasma endothelin concentrations are elevated in p...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs more frequently in premature infants. Depending on the degree of prematurity, these children often have other serious comorbidities that could have a significant impact on surgical outcome. AIM:This study aimed to evaluate the clinical results of surgical ligation of PD...
journal_title：Kardiologia polska
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5603/KP.2018.0009
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
