Abstract：
:Sex workers remain a vulnerable population at risk for HIV acquisition and transmission. Research suggests that interventions at the individual level, such as condom distribution, are less effective in preventing HIV among sex workers than structural changes such as allowing safer work settings and reducing the harassment and abuse of sex workers by clients and police. In the US, HIV incidence has not declined in the last decade. This may be due in part to its policy of wilful ignorance about sex work, but the data to resolve the question simply do not exist. Political actions such as PEPFAR's prostitution pledge and a congressional campaign against "waste, fraud and abuse" in research are products of an ideological environment that suppresses research on HIV prevention and treatment needs of sex workers. Even basic prevalence data are missing because there is no "sex worker" category in the US National HIV Behavior Surveillance System. However, international efforts are taking a public health approach and are calling for decriminalization of sex work, as the most effective public health strategy for reducing HIV incidence among sex workers. Although such an approach is not yet politically feasible in the US, some urgent practical policy changes can be implemented to improve data collection and generation of evidence to support HIV prevention and treatment programs targeting sex workers.
journal_name
Reprod Health Mattersjournal_title
Reproductive health mattersauthors
Forbes Adoi
10.1016/j.rhm.2015.06.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
21-9issue
45eissn
0968-8080issn
1460-9576pii
S0968-8080(15)00012-9journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:In Nepal, the effects of the low social status of women and lack of access to health care and family planning have resulted in a maternal mortality ratio that is among the highest in South Asia. By the mid-1990s, the contribution of unsafe abortions to maternal deaths and morbidity was acknowledged by key individuals ...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0968-8080(04)24007-1
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Women's Right to Life and Health project aimed to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh through provision of comprehensive emergency obstetric care (EmOC) in the country's district and sub-district hospitals. Human resources development was one of the project's major activities. This paper describe...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(06)27229-X
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disability encompasses the limitations on an individual's basic physical activities, and the consequent social oppressions such individual faces in society. In this regard, the limitation on the use of some parts of the genitals in a patriarchal system is considered a form of disability. This paper describes the perce...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09688080.2017.1331685
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Irish Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act seeks to clarify the legal ground for abortion in cases of risk to life, and to create procedures to regulate women's access to services under it. This article explores the new law as the outcome of an international human rights litigation strategy premised on state du...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(14)44798-0
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Organizational changes, increased funding and the demands of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) treatment create particular challenges for governance in the health sector. We assess resource allocation, policy making and integration of the national responses to ARV provision and reproductive health in Burkina Faso, using nation...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(11)38587-4
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Unmet need for contraception represents a major failure in the provision of reproductive health services and reflects the extent of access to services for spacing and limiting births, which are also affected by personal, partner, community and health system factors. In the context of the Millennium Development Goals, ...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(07)29284-5
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:On 25 July 2001 the Polish Federation for Women and Family Planning organised a Tribunal on Abortion Rights in Warsaw, to publicize the negative consequences of the criminalization of abortion in Poland. A panel of Polish and foreign experts heard the testimonials of seven Polish women's experiences under the 1993 "An...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0968-8080(02)00023-x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the majority of births in Mexico are attended by skilled birth attendants, maternal mortality remains moderately high, raising questions about the quality of training and delivery care. We conducted an exhaustive review of the curricula of three representative schools for the education and clinical preparatio...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(07)30332-7
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of wide availability of menstrual regulation services, women often resort to a variety of medicines for inducing abortion. The Bangladeshi Government is now supporting attempts to investigate the introduction of medical menstrual regulation in the public sector. This study examined the acceptability of medica...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(14)43795-9
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to a long-term shortage of obstetricians, the Ministry of Health of Senegal and Dakar University Obstetric Department agreed in 1998 to train district teams consisting of an anaesthetist, general practitioner and surgical assistant in emergency obstetric surgery. An evaluation of the policy was carried out in thre...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(09)33437-0
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although unsafe abortion continues to be a leading cause of maternal mortality in many countries in Asia, the right to safe abortion remains highly stigmatized across the region. The Asia Safe Abortion Partnership, a regional network advocating for safe abortion, produced an animated short film entitled From Unwanted ...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rhm.2015.06.013
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last days of 2011, President of Brazil Dilma Rousseff issued a provisional measure (or draft law) entitled "National Surveillance and Monitoring Registration System for the Prevention of Maternal Mortality" (MP 557), as part of a new maternal health programme. It was supposed to address the pressing issue of ma...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(12)39616-X
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural and social inequalities, a harsh political economy and neglect on the part of the state have made married adolescent girls an extremely vulnerable group in the urban slum environment in Bangladesh. The importance placed on newly married girls' fertility results in high fertility rates and low rates of contr...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(06)27221-5
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper is about the economic consequences of the stigmatisation and illegality of abortion and its almost complete removal from public health services in Poland since the late 1980s. Once abortion left the public sphere, it entered the grey zone of private arrangements, in which a woman's private worries became so...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(11)37548-9
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Turkey has maintained liberal contraception and abortion policies since the 1980s. In 2012, the government proposed to restrict abortion; a bill limiting abortion was later drafted but never passed into law. Since the proposed restriction, women have reported difficulty accessing abortion services across Turkey. We ai...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rhm.2016.11.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In support of maternal health, disease-specific and target-oriented global policy initiatives, such as in Millennium Development Goal 5, have led to a prioritisation of narrow indicators at the expense of more comprehensive approaches. In line with global policy, Nicaragua has made skilled attendants and institutional...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(13)42728-3
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1997, the Supreme Court of India recognised sexual harassment in the workplace as a violation of human rights. However, little is known about the extent or persistence of sexual harassment. To obtain an understanding of women's experiences of sexual harassment in the health sector, an exploratory study was undertak...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(07)30319-4
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the female condom has been introduced into over 90 countries since 1997, it has only been accepted in sexual and reproductive health programmes as a mainstream method in a few. This paper describes introductory strategies developed by Ministries of Health and non-governmental organisations in Brazil, Ghana, Z...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0968-8080(03)02178-5
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 2007, the US Supreme Court upheld the Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003, also known as the Federal Abortion Ban or "the Ban." The decision undermines decades of established US abortion law that had recognised the preservation of the health of women as a paramount consideration. The Ban asserts that the state's...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(08)31374-3
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the flow of resources at the country level to reproductive health is essential for effective financing of this key component of health. This paper gives a comprehensive picture of the allocation of resources for reproductive health in Kenya and the challenges faced in the resource-tracking process. Data ...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(13)42738-6
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Abortion was completely illegal in Portugal until 1984. Illegal abortion provision was a matter of silence until then and treated as a "black market" issue rather than as a health issue. The first attempts to change the abortion law began in 1982 after two trials and a national campaign for legal abortion and contrace...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0968-8080(02)00025-3
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:'Microbicide' is the name for a number of new products currently under research which could become a new class of barrier method for use in the vagina and rectum for protection against HIV, prevention and/or treatment of other sexually transmitted diseases and/or act as a contraceptive. This is a summary report of thi...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type：
doi：10.1016/s0968-8080(00)90014-4
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to describe the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) during pregnancy across 19 countries, and examine trends across age groups and UN regions. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (20 surveys from 15 countries) and the International Violence Against Women...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(10)36533-5
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although Chile is a traditionally conservative country, considerable legal advances in sexual and reproductive rights over the past decade have brought discourses on sexuality into mainstream political, social and media agendas. In light of these changes it is important to explore how adolescents conceptualize sexuali...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rhm.2015.11.003
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper examines different dimensions of sexual health as related to the measurement of sexual health indicators and the proposed changes in the International Classification of Diseases to address issues related to sexuality and sexual health with an aim of informing health policy-making and programming. The lack o...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rhm.2015.11.008
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper explores sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) among young people, identifying intersecting factors that create inequities in access to services, health-seeking behaviour, and ultimately health outcomes. Based on qualitative interviews with young people in the Maldives, it demonstrates how these ...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09688080.2018.1542910
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) in South Africa preceded the onset of the generalised HIV epidemic by several years, current policies and programmes focus on heterosexual transmission and mother-to-child transmission. We used an adaptation of the UNAIDS Country Harmonised Alignment Tool...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(09)33442-4
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Uganda, lack of resources and skilled staff to improve quality and delivery of maternity services, despite good policies and concerted efforts, have not yielded an increase in utilisation of these services by women or a reduction in the high ratio of maternal deaths. This paper reports a study conducted from Novemb...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0968-8080(03)02176-1
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Women and girls are increasingly the direct and targeted victims of armed conflict and studies show that they are disproportionately and differentially affected. However, humanitarian laws, policies, and protocols have yet to be meaningfully interpreted and adapted to respond to their specific needs, including to sexu...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/09688080.2017.1400361
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have seen a push to apply criminal law to HIV exposure and transmission, often driven by the wish to respond to concerns about the ongoing rapid spread of HIV in many countries. Particularly in Africa, some groups have begun to advocate for criminalization in response to the serious phenomenon of women be...
journal_title：Reproductive health matters
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S0968-8080(09)34462-6
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
