Long-Term Outcome of ABO-Incompatible Kidney Transplantation in Patients Treated With Low-Dose Rituximab Regimen.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Introduction of rituximab in the desensitization protocols for ABO-incompatible (ABOI) kidney transplantation (KTX) has afforded excellent results. However, the acceptability of minimal dosage of rituximab in these protocols remains to be defined. METHODS:Sixty-three patients who underwent ABOI KTX were included in this study. The desensitization protocol consisted of plasmapheresis, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, basiliximab, and low-dose rituximab (100 mg/body). We evaluated the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcome of this protocol (group R, n = 39) and compared them with those of patients who underwent splenectomy (group S, n = 24). RESULTS:Graft and patient survival at 10 years after KTX were comparable between the groups (94.4% [group R] vs 95.4% [group S] and 94.6% [group R] vs 95.8% [group S], respectively). The incidence of acute antibody-mediated rejection (AAMR) was similar in the 2 groups (10.2% vs 12.5%). There were no significant differences in the incidence of chronic active antibody-mediated rejection. Of the patients, 7 developed AAMR and 3 of these patients (1 in group R and 2 in group S) lost their grafts. There were no significant differences in the incidence of chronic active antibody-mediated rejection. The incidence of postoperative cytomegalovirus infection in group R was significantly lower than that in group S. Furthermore, the incidence of postoperative late-onset neutropenia was low in group R. CONCLUSIONS:A low-dose rituximab regimen for ABOI KTX is acceptable for preventing AAMR with a low incidence of delayed adverse events.

journal_name

Transplant Proc

authors

Sasaki H,Hotta K,Mitsuke A,Fukasawa Y,Tanabe T,Higuchi H,Takada Y,Harada H

doi

10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.10.023

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-30 00:00:00

eissn

0041-1345

issn

1873-2623

pii

S0041-1345(20)32859-1

pub_type

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