Pharmacologic reduction of the risk of aspiration.

Abstract:

:Parameters for significant risk of aspiration have been defined as a gastric pH less than 2.5 and/or a volume greater than 25 ml. We investigated the effects of metoclopramide and cimetidine, alone and in combination, on the pH and volume of gastric contents of patients taking nothing by mouth before general anesthesia. We divided 40 young women having gynecologic surgery into four groups: control subjects (group 1), those given metoclopramide (group 2), those given cimetidine (group 3), and those given both drugs (group 4). Injections were given 45 to 90 minutes before induction of general anesthesia, and no other premedicant was allowed. When the mean pH and volume of gastric contents were measured, the patients given both drugs had a mean pH of 6.9 and a mean volume of 2.0 ml. The control group showed significant risk for aspiration in terms of both volume and pH. Use of metoclopramide alone reduced the risk related to volume, and cimetidine alone reduced the risk related to pH. The most striking effects were achieved by the combination of the two agents, which produced a relatively narrow range of "safe" pH and volume.

journal_name

South Med J

journal_title

Southern medical journal

authors

Gipson SL,Stovall TG,Elkins TE,Crumrine RS

doi

10.1097/00007611-198611000-00009

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1986-11-01 00:00:00

pages

1356-8

issue

11

eissn

0038-4348

issn

1541-8243

journal_volume

79

pub_type

临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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