Abstract:
:Animal welfare concerns have raised an interest in animal affective states. These states also play an important role in the proximate control of behaviour. Due to their potential to modulate short-term emotional reactions, one specific focus is on long-term affective states, that is, mood. These states can be assessed by using non-verbal cognitive judgement bias paradigms. Here, we conducted a spatial variant of such a test on 24 focal animals that were kept under either unpredictable, stimulus-poor or predictable, stimulus-rich housing conditions to induce differential mood states. Based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy, we measured haemodynamic frontal brain reactions during 10 s in which the sheep could observe the configuration of the cognitive judgement bias trial before indicating their assessment based on the go/no-go reaction. We used (generalised) mixed-effects models to evaluate the data. Sheep from the unpredictable, stimulus-poor housing conditions took longer and were less likely to reach the learning criterion and reacted slightly more optimistically in the cognitive judgement bias test than sheep from the predictable, stimulus-rich housing conditions. A frontal cortical increase in deoxy-haemoglobin [HHb] and a decrease in oxy-haemoglobin [O2Hb] were observed during the visual assessment of the test situation by the sheep, indicating a frontal cortical brain deactivation. This deactivation was more pronounced with the negativity of the test situation, which was reflected by the provenance of the sheep from the unpredictable, stimulus-poor housing conditions, the proximity of the cue to the negatively reinforced cue location, or the absence of a go reaction in the trial. It seems that (1) sheep from the unpredictable, stimulus-poor in comparison to sheep from the predictable, stimulus-rich housing conditions dealt less easily with the test conditions rich in stimuli, that (2) long-term housing conditions seemingly did not influence mood--which may be related to the difficulty of tracking a constant long-term state in the brain--and that (3) visual assessment of an emotional stimulus leads to frontal brain deactivation in sheep, specifically if that stimulus is negative.
journal_name
Brain Cognjournal_title
Brain and cognitionauthors
Guldimann K,Vögeli S,Wolf M,Wechsler B,Gygax Ldoi
10.1016/j.bandc.2014.11.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
35-41eissn
0278-2626issn
1090-2147pii
S0278-2626(14)00170-5journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Valence-specific laterality effects have been frequently obtained in facial emotion perception but not in vocal emotion perception. We report a dichotic listening study further examining whether valence-specific laterality effects generalise to vocal emotions. Based on previous literature, we tested whether valence-sp...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2012.03.001
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior research has indicated that self-reported violent media exposure is associated with poorer performance on some neuropsychological tests in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the relationship of executive functioning to violent television viewing in healthy young adult males and examine how brain structure ...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2014.04.010
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the second part of a review of the work of quantum physicists on the 'hard part' of the problem of mind. After an introduction which sets the scene and a brief review of contemporary work on the neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) the work of four prominent modern investigators is examined: J.C. Eccles/Fr...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2007.09.004
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 53-year-old right-handed woman had an extensive lesion in the left hemisphere due to an infarction caused by vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid bleeding. She exhibited persistent expressive-vocal amusia with no symptoms of aphasia. Evaluation of the patient's musical competence using the Montreal Battery for Evalua...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2016.01.003
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptive action in a constantly changing environment requires the ability to maintain intentions and goals over time and to flexibly switch between these goals in response to significant changes. argued that positive affect modulates these antagonistic control demands in favor of a more flexible but also more distract...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2005.08.003
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research has attributed to the right hemisphere (RH) a key role in eliciting false memories to visual emotional stimuli. These results have been explained in terms of two right-hemisphere properties: (i) that emotional stimuli are preferentially processed in the RH and (ii) that visual stimuli are represented...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2014.07.002
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments are reported which investigate hemispheric processing in an object decision task. Experiment 1 used 40 pictures of objects, and 40 pictures of nonobjects, and subjects decided manually whether each lateralized stimulus represented an object. Results indicated an interaction between visual field and res...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(92)90045-n
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The results from numerous investigations suggest that musical training might enhance how senses interact. Despite repeated confirmation of anatomical and structural changes in visual, tactile, and auditory regions, significant changes have only been reported in the audiovisual domain and for the detection of audio-tac...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2016.12.001
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the effects of acute bouts of cardiovascular exercise on cognitive performances show contradictory findings due to methodological differences (e.g., exercise intensity, cognitive function assessed, participants' aerobic fitness level, etc.). The present study assessed the acute effect of exercise intensity ...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2012.10.001
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously it has been shown that the left hemisphere, but not the right, of split-brain patients tends to match the frequency of previous occurrences in probability-guessing paradigms (Wolford, Miller, & Gazzaniga, 2000). This phenomenon has been attributed to an "interpreter," a mechanism for making interpretations ...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2004.08.038
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tests of facial recognition and spatial learning were administered to presurgical patients with unilateral temporal lobe EEG foci. Right temporal lobe patients obtained lower facial recognition scores than left temporal lobe patients. The groups performed equally on the spatial learning test. A factor analysis reveale...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1997.0925
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The performance of 18 frontal lobe lesion (FL) and 10 frontal lobe dementia (FLD) patients on an associative memory test was compared with the performance of their matched normal controls. The FL group was severely impaired on cued and free recall and was moderately impaired on a recognition condition. Left FL patient...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1999.1121
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Apraxic agraphia (AA) is a peripheral writing disorder generally considered to result from a causative lesion in the parietal and/or prefrontal lobe of the language dominant hemisphere (De Smet, Engelborghs, Paquier, De Deyn, & Mariën, 2011). De Smet et al. (2011), however, confirmed that AA might be associa...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2015.01.012
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ideomotor (IM) theory suggests that observing someone else perform an action activates an internal motor representation of that behaviour within the observer. Evidence supporting the case for an ideomotor theory of imitation has come from studies that show imitative responses to be faster than the same behavioural mea...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2006.09.005
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to read emotional expressions from human face and voice is an important skill in our day-to-day interactions with others. How this ability develops may be influenced by atypical experiences early in life. Here, we investigated multimodal processing of fearful and happy face/voice pairs in 9-month-olds pren...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2014.12.001
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether the severity of visual hemineglect follows a unimodal or bimodal frequency distribution. Seventy-seven consecutive patients with a unilateral cerebral infarct (36 left- and 41 right-hemisphere lesions) were evaluated. The severity of neglect was measured as the number...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1993.1010
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two descriptive and two narrative texts were constructed. The basic forms of each type of text comprised 27 micropropositions, while the detailed forms incorporated an additional 24 micropropositions. Forty DAT patients and 14 control subjects were asked to read and recall the 4 texts and the total number of microprop...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We performed an event-related potential study to investigate the self-relevance effect in object recognition. Three stimulus categories were prepared: SELF (participant's own objects), FAMILIAR (disposable and public objects, defined as objects with less-self-relevant familiarity), and UNFAMILIAR (others' objects). Th...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2006.12.001
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Response time studies of acquired language disorders are plagued by tremendous variability in patients' response times. In this brief report we demonstrate how variability itself may provide informative data. Lexical decision response times, generated by nine patients, illustrate how within-patient variability may est...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have reported shifts in perceptual asymmetry during the menstrual cycle, but the potential confounding effect of mood changes has been largely ignored. In this study, 24 female subjects completed four visual laterality tasks and a mood questionnaire at three phases of the cycle. Results indicate no ove...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brcg.1997.0936
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this review article, we summarize the main findings from empirical studies that used dance-related forms of rhythmical full body movement as a research tool for investigating action understanding and social cognition. This work has proven to be informative about behavioral and brain mechanisms that mediate links be...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2011.08.005
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore the temporal sequence of, and the relationship between, the left and right hemispheres (LH and RH) during semantic memory (SM) processing we identified the neural networks involved in the performance of functional MRI semantic object retrieval task (SORT) using group independent component analysis (ICA) in ...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2009.02.007
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In later editions of his two major works, Isaac Newton proposed an electrical hypothesis of nervous transmission. According to this hypothesis, an electrical aether permeates the nerve and transmits vibrations along it. This implies that the nerve is a communication line, and potentially, an extension of the mind. The...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0278-2626(02)00513-4
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observers indicated whether a stimulus presented to one visual field or the other consisted of two sine-wave gratings (the baseline stimulus) or those same two gratings with the addition of a 2 cycle per degree (cpd) component. When the absolute spatial frequencies of the baseline stimulus were low (0.5 and 1.0 cpd), ...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(91)90085-m
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to enhance the efficacy and generalisation of working memory (WM) training, but there has been little systematic investigation into how coupling task-specific WM training with stimulation impacts more specifically on transfer to untrained tasks. This random...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105552
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of oral and written discourse suggested differing cognitive demands for modes of expression. Verbal samples were provided by 8 adolescents with closed head injury (CHI) and 8 controls. A generation task using a picture stimulus was the basis for discourse. Eight measures [productivity, efficiency, semantic ti...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual narratives like comics and films often shift between showing full scenes and close, zoomed-in viewpoints. These zooms are similar to the "spotlight of attention" cast across a visual scene in perception. We here measured ERPs to visual narratives (comic strips) that used zoomed-in and full-scene panels either t...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105634
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper extends the microgenetic theory of action to the problem of volition and the nature of free will and responsibility. Volition is interpreted as an elaboration of the action structure without causal or agentive status in relation to the action. The implications of this approach for philosophy of mind are exp...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0278-2626(89)90078-x
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to investigate whether the neuropsychological correlates of the symptom dimensions of schizophrenia vary with the clinical state in patients followed from the acute to stable the phase of the illness. Fifteen patients were assessed for symptoms (SAPS-SANS) and undergone a complete neuropsycholo...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2004.08.027
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The visual system has the remarkable ability to generalize across different viewpoints and exemplars to recognize abstract categories of objects, and to discriminate between different viewpoints and exemplars to recognize specific instances of particular objects. Behavioral experiments indicate the critical role of th...
journal_title:Brain and cognition
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2012.04.009
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00