Absence of BiP co-chaperone DNAJC3 causes diabetes mellitus and multisystemic neurodegeneration.

Abstract:

:Diabetes mellitus and neurodegeneration are common diseases for which shared genetic factors are still only partly known. Here, we show that loss of the BiP (immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein) co-chaperone DNAJC3 leads to diabetes mellitus and widespread neurodegeneration. We investigated three siblings with juvenile-onset diabetes and central and peripheral neurodegeneration, including ataxia, upper-motor-neuron damage, peripheral neuropathy, hearing loss, and cerebral atrophy. Exome sequencing identified a homozygous stop mutation in DNAJC3. Screening of a diabetes database with 226,194 individuals yielded eight phenotypically similar individuals and one family carrying a homozygous DNAJC3 deletion. DNAJC3 was absent in fibroblasts from all affected subjects in both families. To delineate the phenotypic and mutational spectrum and the genetic variability of DNAJC3, we analyzed 8,603 exomes, including 506 from families affected by diabetes, ataxia, upper-motor-neuron damage, peripheral neuropathy, or hearing loss. This analysis revealed only one further loss-of-function allele in DNAJC3 and no further associations in subjects with only a subset of the features of the main phenotype. Our findings demonstrate that loss-of-function DNAJC3 mutations lead to a monogenic, recessive form of diabetes mellitus in humans. Moreover, they present a common denominator for diabetes and widespread neurodegeneration. This complements findings from mice in which knockout of Dnajc3 leads to diabetes and modifies disease in a neurodegenerative model of Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome.

journal_name

Am J Hum Genet

authors

Synofzik M,Haack TB,Kopajtich R,Gorza M,Rapaport D,Greiner M,Schönfeld C,Freiberg C,Schorr S,Holl RW,Gonzalez MA,Fritsche A,Fallier-Becker P,Zimmermann R,Strom TM,Meitinger T,Züchner S,Schüle R,Schöls L,Prokisch H

doi

10.1016/j.ajhg.2014.10.013

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-12-04 00:00:00

pages

689-97

issue

6

eissn

0002-9297

issn

1537-6605

pii

S0002-9297(14)00435-2

journal_volume

95

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Autosomal-Recessive Mutations in AP3B2, Adaptor-Related Protein Complex 3 Beta 2 Subunit, Cause an Early-Onset Epileptic Encephalopathy with Optic Atrophy.

    abstract::Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy (EOEE) represents a heterogeneous group of severe disorders characterized by seizures, interictal epileptiform activity with a disorganized electroencephalography background, developmental regression or retardation, and onset before 1 year of age. Among a cohort of 57 individuals w...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.10.009

    authors: Assoum M,Philippe C,Isidor B,Perrin L,Makrythanasis P,Sondheimer N,Paris C,Douglas J,Lesca G,Antonarakis S,Hamamy H,Jouan T,Duffourd Y,Auvin S,Saunier A,Begtrup A,Nowak C,Chatron N,Ville D,Mireskandari K,Milani P

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in selectin genes and immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

    abstract::Although intensive efforts have been undertaken to elucidate the genetic background of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), genetic factors associated with the pathogenesis of this disease are still not well understood. We designed a case-control association study that was based on linkage disequilibrium among single-...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/339077

    authors: Takei T,Iida A,Nitta K,Tanaka T,Ohnishi Y,Yamada R,Maeda S,Tsunoda T,Takeoka S,Ito K,Honda K,Uchida K,Tsuchiya K,Suzuki Y,Fujioka T,Ujiie T,Nagane Y,Miyano S,Narita I,Gejyo F,Nihei H,Nakamura Y

    更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00

  • Plasma DNA Profile Associated with DNASE1L3 Gene Mutations: Clinical Observations, Relationships to Nuclease Substrate Preference, and In Vivo Correction.

    abstract::Plasma DNA fragmentomics is an emerging area in cell-free DNA diagnostics and research. In murine models, it has been shown that the extracellular DNase, DNASE1L3, plays a role in the fragmentation of plasma DNA. In humans, DNASE1L3 deficiency causes familial monogenic systemic lupus erythematosus with childhood onset...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.09.006

    authors: Chan RWY,Serpas L,Ni M,Volpi S,Hiraki LT,Tam LS,Rashidfarrokhi A,Wong PCH,Tam LHP,Wang Y,Jiang P,Cheng ASH,Peng W,Han DSC,Tse PPP,Lau PK,Lee WS,Magnasco A,Buti E,Sisirak V,AlMutairi N,Chan KCA,Chiu RWK,Reizi

    更新日期:2020-11-05 00:00:00

  • Multiplex relative risk and estimation of the number of loci underlying an inherited disease.

    abstract::Knowledge of the number of causative loci is necessary to estimate the power of mapping studies of complex diseases. In the present article, we reexamine a theory developed by Risch and its implications for estimating the number L of causative loci affecting a complex inherited disease. We first show that methods base...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/344779

    authors: Schliekelman P,Slatkin M

    更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00

  • Chronic and recurrent otitis media: a genome scan for susceptibility loci.

    abstract::Otitis media (OM) is the most common childhood disease. Almost all children experience at least one episode, but morbidity is greatest in children who experience chronic/recurrent OM (COME/ROM). There is mounting evidence that COME/ROM clusters in families and exhibits substantial heritability. Subjects who had tympan...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/426061

    authors: Daly KA,Brown WM,Segade F,Bowden DW,Keats BJ,Lindgren BR,Levine SC,Rich SS

    更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00

  • Quantitative-trait-locus analysis of body-mass index and of stature, by combined analysis of genome scans of five Finnish study groups.

    abstract::In recent years, many genomewide screens have been performed, to identify novel loci predisposing to various complex diseases. Often, only a portion of the collected clinical data from the study subjects is used in the actual analysis of the trait, and much of the phenotypic data is ignored. With proper consent, these...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/321286

    authors: Perola M,Ohman M,Hiekkalinna T,Leppävuori J,Pajukanta P,Wessman M,Koskenvuo M,Palotie A,Lange K,Kaprio J,Peltonen L

    更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluating pedigree data. I. The estimation of pedigree error in the presence of marker mistyping.

    abstract::Pedigrees used in the analysis of genetic or medical data are usually ascertained from sources subject to a variety of errors including misidentification of individuals, faults in historical documents or record linkage, nonpaternity, and unidentified adoption. Genetic markers can be used to verify putative family and ...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Lathrop GM,Hooper AB,Huntsman JW,Ward RH

    更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00

  • SKIV2L mutations cause syndromic diarrhea, or trichohepatoenteric syndrome.

    abstract::Syndromic diarrhea (or trichohepatoenteric syndrome) is a rare congenital bowel disorder characterized by intractable diarrhea and woolly hair, and it has recently been associated with mutations in TTC37. Although databases report TTC37 as being the human ortholog of Ski3p, one of the yeast Ski-complex cofactors, this...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.02.009

    authors: Fabre A,Charroux B,Martinez-Vinson C,Roquelaure B,Odul E,Sayar E,Smith H,Colomb V,Andre N,Hugot JP,Goulet O,Lacoste C,Sarles J,Royet J,Levy N,Badens C

    更新日期:2012-04-06 00:00:00

  • Mutations in POFUT1, encoding protein O-fucosyltransferase 1, cause generalized Dowling-Degos disease.

    abstract::Dowling-Degos disease (DDD), or reticular pigmented anomaly of the flexures, is a type of rare autosomal-dominant genodermatosis characterized by reticular hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation of the flexures, such as the neck, axilla, and areas below the breasts and groin, and shows considerable heterogeneity. Loss...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.04.022

    authors: Li M,Cheng R,Liang J,Yan H,Zhang H,Yang L,Li C,Jiao Q,Lu Z,He J,Ji J,Shen Z,Li C,Hao F,Yu H,Yao Z

    更新日期:2013-06-06 00:00:00

  • Variability in predicted rates of Down syndrome associated with elevated maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in older women.

    abstract::Quantitative predictions of rates of Down syndrome offspring as a function of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) values and of maternal age were reviewed. Comparisons were made of 35-year-equivalent-risk values by maternal age, that is, MSAFP values (at various maternal ages) that predict the risk (of a Down syn...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Hook EB

    更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00

  • Mutant GlialCAM causes megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts, benign familial macrocephaly, and macrocephaly with retardation and autism.

    abstract::Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a leukodystrophy characterized by early-onset macrocephaly and delayed-onset neurological deterioration. Recessive MLC1 mutations are observed in 75% of patients with MLC. Genetic-linkage studies failed to identify another gene. We recently showed tha...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.02.009

    authors: López-Hernández T,Ridder MC,Montolio M,Capdevila-Nortes X,Polder E,Sirisi S,Duarri A,Schulte U,Fakler B,Nunes V,Scheper GC,Martínez A,Estévez R,van der Knaap MS

    更新日期:2011-04-08 00:00:00

  • Lipoic acid synthetase deficiency causes neonatal-onset epilepsy, defective mitochondrial energy metabolism, and glycine elevation.

    abstract::Lipoic acid is an essential prosthetic group of four mitochondrial enzymes involved in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate, and branched chain amino acids and in the glycine cleavage. Lipoic acid is synthesized stepwise within mitochondria through a process that includes lipoic acid synthetase. ...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2011.11.011

    authors: Mayr JA,Zimmermann FA,Fauth C,Bergheim C,Meierhofer D,Radmayr D,Zschocke J,Koch J,Sperl W

    更新日期:2011-12-09 00:00:00

  • A genomewide single-nucleotide-polymorphism panel with high ancestry information for African American admixture mapping.

    abstract::Admixture mapping requires a genomewide panel of relatively evenly spaced markers that can distinguish the ancestral origins of chromosomal segments in admixed individuals. Through use of the results of the International HapMap Project and specific selection criteria, the current study has examined the ability of sele...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/507954

    authors: Tian C,Hinds DA,Shigeta R,Kittles R,Ballinger DG,Seldin MF

    更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00

  • Linkage studies with 17q and 18q markers in a breast/ovarian cancer family.

    abstract::Genes on chromosomes 17q and 18q have been shown to code for putative tumor suppressors. By a combination of allele-loss studies on sporadic ovarian carcinomas and linkage analysis on a breast/ovarian cancer family, we have investigated the involvement of such genes in these diseases. Allele loss occurred in sporadic ...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Milner BJ,Allan LA,Kelly KF,Cruickshank D,Hall M,Johnston A,Kitchener H,Parkin D,Haites N

    更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00

  • Mutation of the variant alpha-tubulin TUBA8 results in polymicrogyria with optic nerve hypoplasia.

    abstract::The critical importance of cytoskeletal function for correct neuronal migration during development of the cerebral cortex has been underscored by the identities of germline mutations underlying a number of human neurodevelopmental disorders. The proteins affected include TUBA1A, a major alpha-tubulin isoform, and micr...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2009.10.007

    authors: Abdollahi MR,Morrison E,Sirey T,Molnar Z,Hayward BE,Carr IM,Springell K,Woods CG,Ahmed M,Hattingh L,Corry P,Pilz DT,Stoodley N,Crow Y,Taylor GR,Bonthron DT,Sheridan E

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • Mutations in CAPN1 Cause Autosomal-Recessive Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia.

    abstract::Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by spasticity and weakness of the lower limbs with or without additional neurological symptoms. Although more than 70 genes and genetic loci have been implicated in HSP, many families remain genetically undiagnosed,...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.04.002

    authors: Gan-Or Z,Bouslam N,Birouk N,Lissouba A,Chambers DB,Vérièpe J,Androschuk A,Laurent SB,Rochefort D,Spiegelman D,Dionne-Laporte A,Szuto A,Liao M,Figlewicz DA,Bouhouche A,Benomar A,Yahyaoui M,Ouazzani R,Yoon G,Dupré N,

    更新日期:2016-05-05 00:00:00

  • On the probabilities of identity states in permutable populations.

    abstract::Génin and Clerget-Darpoux recently discussed the derivation of the probabilities of identity states for populations in which there was some degree of kinship, primarily to allow the extension of the classical affected-sib-pair method to such populations. It is argued here that their derivation makes certain assumption...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/301743

    authors: Cannings C

    更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00

  • A yeast artificial chromosome telomere clone spanning a possible location of the Huntington disease gene.

    abstract::The Huntington disease (HD) gene has been mapped to the most distal subband of chromosome 4p. Analysis of recombination events has not provided an unequivocal location of the HD gene, but it indicates a position very close to the telomere as one possibility. We have constructed a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) vect...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Bates GP,MacDonald ME,Baxendale S,Sedlacek Z,Youngman S,Romano D,Whaley WL,Allitto BA,Poustka A,Gusella JF

    更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00

  • Cardiovascular risk factors in a French-Canadian population: resolution of genetic and familial environmental effects on blood pressure by using extensive information on environmental correlates.

    abstract::Genetic and environmental influences on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial blood pressure (MBP) were examined in 371 French-Canadian families by using path analysis. Familial environment was estimated with environmental indices constructed from as many as 14 (of a pool of ...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Pérusse L,Rice T,Bouchard C,Vogler GP,Rao DC

    更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00

  • Mutations in the Chromatin Regulator Gene BRPF1 Cause Syndromic Intellectual Disability and Deficient Histone Acetylation.

    abstract::Identification of over 500 epigenetic regulators in humans raises an interesting question regarding how chromatin dysregulation contributes to different diseases. Bromodomain and PHD finger-containing protein 1 (BRPF1) is a multivalent chromatin regulator possessing three histone-binding domains, one non-specific DNA-...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2016.11.011

    authors: Yan K,Rousseau J,Littlejohn RO,Kiss C,Lehman A,Rosenfeld JA,Stumpel CTR,Stegmann APA,Robak L,Scaglia F,Nguyen TTM,Fu H,Ajeawung NF,Camurri MV,Li L,Gardham A,Panis B,Almannai M,Sacoto MJG,Baskin B,Ruivenkamp C,Xi

    更新日期:2017-01-05 00:00:00

  • The role of community review in evaluating the risks of human genetic variation research.

    abstract::The practicality and moral value of community review of human genetic research has become a focus of debate. Examples from two Native American communities are used to address four aspects of that debate: (1) the value of community review in larger, geographically dispersed populations; (2) the identification of cultur...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1086/302415

    authors: Foster MW,Sharp RR,Freeman WL,Chino M,Bernsten D,Carter TH

    更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00

  • GRIK5 Genetically Regulated Expression Associated with Eye and Vascular Phenomes: Discovery through Iteration among Biobanks, Electronic Health Records, and Zebrafish.

    abstract::Although the use of model systems for studying the mechanism of mutations that have a large effect is common, we highlight here the ways that zebrafish-model-system studies of a gene, GRIK5, that contributes to the polygenic liability to develop eye diseases have helped to illuminate a mechanism that implicates vascul...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.01.017

    authors: Unlu G,Gamazon ER,Qi X,Levic DS,Bastarache L,Denny JC,Roden DM,Mayzus I,Breyer M,Zhong X,Konkashbaev AI,Rzhetsky A,Knapik EW,Cox NJ

    更新日期:2019-03-07 00:00:00

  • Analysis of biochemical genetic data on Jewish populations: II. Results and interpretations of heterogeneity indices and distance measures with respect to standards.

    abstract::A nonparametric statistical methodology is used for the analysis of biochemical frequency data observed on a series of nine Jewish and six non-Jewish populations. Two categories of statistics are used: heterogeneity indices and various distance measures with respect to a standard. The latter are more discriminating in...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Karlin S,Kenett R,Bonné-Tamir B

    更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00

  • Bi-allelic Variants in the GPI Transamidase Subunit PIGK Cause a Neurodevelopmental Syndrome with Hypotonia, Cerebellar Atrophy, and Epilepsy.

    abstract::Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are critical for embryogenesis, neurogenesis, and cell signaling. Variants in several genes participating in GPI biosynthesis and processing lead to decreased cell surface presence of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) and cause inherited GPI deficiency disorders (IGDs...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.03.001

    authors: Nguyen TTM,Murakami Y,Mobilio S,Niceta M,Zampino G,Philippe C,Moutton S,Zaki MS,James KN,Musaev D,Mu W,Baranano K,Nance JR,Rosenfeld JA,Braverman N,Ciolfi A,Millan F,Person RE,Bruel AL,Thauvin-Robinet C,Ververi A

    更新日期:2020-04-02 00:00:00

  • Mutations in the SPARC-related modular calcium-binding protein 1 gene, SMOC1, cause waardenburg anophthalmia syndrome.

    abstract::Waardenburg anophthalmia syndrome, also known as microphthalmia with limb anomalies, ophthalmoacromelic syndrome, and anophthalmia-syndactyly, is a rare autosomal-recessive developmental disorder that has been mapped to 10p11.23. Here we show that this disease is heterogeneous by reporting on a consanguineous family, ...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2010.12.002

    authors: Abouzeid H,Boisset G,Favez T,Youssef M,Marzouk I,Shakankiry N,Bayoumi N,Descombes P,Agosti C,Munier FL,Schorderet DF

    更新日期:2011-01-07 00:00:00

  • Compound heterozygosity for COL7A1 mutations in twins with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: a recessive paternal deletion/insertion mutation and a dominant negative maternal glycine substitution result in a severe phenotype.

    abstract::We have previously demonstrated genetic linkage between the type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) and the dominant (DDEB) and recessive (RDEB) forms of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) and have subsequently identified pathogenetic mutations in several families. Mutations in DDEB identified thus far are glycine substit...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Christiano AM,Anton-Lamprecht I,Amano S,Ebschner U,Burgeson RE,Uitto J

    更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00

  • TBC1D8B Loss-of-Function Mutations Lead to X-Linked Nephrotic Syndrome via Defective Trafficking Pathways.

    abstract::Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is characterized by high-range proteinuria and most often focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Identification of mutations in genes causing SRNS has improved our understanding of disease mechanisms and highlighted defects in the podocyte, a highly specialized glome...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.12.016

    authors: Dorval G,Kuzmuk V,Gribouval O,Welsh GI,Bierzynska A,Schmitt A,Miserey-Lenkei S,Koziell A,Haq S,Benmerah A,Mollet G,Boyer O,Saleem MA,Antignac C

    更新日期:2019-02-07 00:00:00

  • A third locus for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia type I maps to chromosome 14q24.3-qter: evidence for the existence of a fourth locus.

    abstract::The autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxias (ADCA) type I are a group of neurological disorders that are clinically and genetically heterogeneous. Two genes implicated in the disease, SCA1 (spinal cerebellar ataxia 1) and SCA2, are already localized. We have mapped a third locus to chromosome 14q24.3-qter, by linkage an...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Stevanin G,Le Guern E,Ravisé N,Chneiweiss H,Dürr A,Cancel G,Vignal A,Boch AL,Ruberg M,Penet C

    更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00

  • A rare disease-associated mutation in the medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) gene changes a conserved arginine, previously shown to be functionally essential in short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (SCAD).

    abstract::Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is a serious and potentially fatal inherited defect in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Approximately 80% of patients with MCAD deficiency are homozygous for a single disease-causing mutation (G985). The remaining patients (except for a few cases worldwide) are c...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:

    authors: Andresen BS,Bross P,Jensen TG,Winter V,Knudsen I,Kølvraa S,Jensen UB,Bolund L,Duran M,Kim JJ

    更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00

  • A noncoding expansion in EIF4A3 causes Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome, a craniofacial disorder associated with limb defects.

    abstract::Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome is an autosomal-recessive acrofacial dysostosis characterized by mandibular median cleft associated with other craniofacial anomalies and severe limb defects. Learning and language disabilities are also prevalent. We mapped the mutated gene to a 122 kb region at 17q25.3 through identity...

    journal_title:American journal of human genetics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2013.11.020

    authors: Favaro FP,Alvizi L,Zechi-Ceide RM,Bertola D,Felix TM,de Souza J,Raskin S,Twigg SR,Weiner AM,Armas P,Margarit E,Calcaterra NB,Andersen GR,McGowan SJ,Wilkie AO,Richieri-Costa A,de Almeida ML,Passos-Bueno MR

    更新日期:2014-01-02 00:00:00