Abstract:
:To ascertain the generality of a sex difference noted in odor identification ability, the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) was administered to four groups of subjects: Black Americans (n = 438), White Americans (n = 1559), Korean Americans (n = 106), and Native Japanese (n = 308). The women of all four groups outperformed the men to the same relative degree. The Korean American group performed better than the Black and White American groups, which, in turn, outperformed the Native Japanese. Analyses of the proportions of subjects correctly answering each of the test items revealed considerable similarity of relative item difficulty among the subject groups. Taken together, these data suggest that sex differences in odor identification ability are probably not due to ethnic or cultural factors, per se.
journal_name
Neuropsychologiajournal_title
Neuropsychologiaauthors
Doty RL,Applebaum S,Zusho H,Settle RGdoi
10.1016/0028-3932(85)90067-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
667-72issue
5eissn
0028-3932issn
1873-3514journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NEUROPSYCHOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Neural oscillatory activities in different frequency bands are known to reflect different cognitive functions. The current study investigates neural oscillations involved in tactile novelty processing, in particular how physically different digits of the hand may be categorized as being more or less similar to one ano...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107144
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapidly recognizing familiar people from their faces appears critical for social interactions (e.g., to differentiate friend from foe). However, the actual speed at which the human brain can distinguish familiar from unknown faces still remains debated. In particular, it is not clear whether familiarity can be extract...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.06.017
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike taking, which can be redescribed in non-social and object-directed terms, acts of giving are invariably expressed across languages in a three-argument structure relating agent, patient, and object. Developmental evidence suggests this difference in the syntactic entailment of the patient role to be rooted in a ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107363
更新日期:2020-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Only a small amount of studies have looked at the structural neural correlates of children's arithmetic. Furthermore, these studies mainly implemented voxel-based morphometry, which only takes the volume of regions into account, without looking at other structural properties. The current study aimed to contribute know...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107293
更新日期:2020-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Brain activity in numerous perisylvian brain regions is modulated by the expectedness of linguistic stimuli. We leverage recent advances in computational parsing models to test what representations guide the processes reflected by this activity. Recurrent Neural Network Grammars (RNNGs) are generative models of (tree,...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107479
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated whether people with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) demonstrate a specific impairment on tasks requiring them to make inferences about others' mental states (theory of mind tasks). Participants with severe TBI were compared to a healthy group on verbal first-order and second-order theory of...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.027
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Common polymorphisms in the gene PCSK6, whose protein product mediates the development of brain and body asymmetry through the NODAL pathway, have recently been associated with handedness in three studies, making it a key candidate gene for understanding the developmental and expression of human lateralization. We tes...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.02.020
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An unresolved issue in behavioral studies of hemispheric asymmetry is why both left-handers and right-handers show a right ear advantage at the group level. In the present study we screened left-handers for left- versus right-hemisphere speech dominance with fMRI by comparing right versus left hemisphere frontal lobe ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2012.11.002
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Memory processes can be enhanced by reward, and social signals such a smiling face can be rewarding to humans. Using event-related functional MRI (fMRI), we investigated the rewarding effect of a simple smile during the encoding and retrieval of face-name associations. During encoding, participants viewed smiling or n...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.03.013
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral saccadic latencies were determined in 18 right-handers and 18 left-handers. Within the right-handed group the mean latency was significantly shorter when looking from the left to the right (242.7 msec) than from right to left (265.0 msec), whereas no significant directional difference was found in the left-han...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(86)90033-3
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies demonstrating hippocampal activation associated with memories for persons from whom information is acquired (external source monitoring) are lacking. In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate whether the medial temporal lobe (MTL), especially the hippocampus, is activat...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.01.021
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We comment on a paper by Farah et al. in which it is claimed that averaged performance on a letter naming task by a group of patients with left unilateral spatial neglect (USN) provides evidence that spatial allocation of attention is defined by environment-centered and viewer-centred coordinates, but not by object-ce...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(98)00009-8
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with frontal lobe lesions are known to encounter severe problems in the organisation of their behaviour in everyday life. Script generation tasks assess the subject's conceptual ability to formulate and evaluate a coherent and structured plan of action. In the present study, we investigated to what extent neu...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00019-7
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutual adaptive timing (MAT), the capacity to adapt one's timing to the timing of a partner, is a form of interpersonal entrainment necessary to play music in ensemble. To this respect, two questions can be advanced. First, whether MAT can be seen also in non-musician populations. This might imply interesting theoreti...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.08.017
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study used the flanker task [Percept. Psychophys. 16 (1974) 143] to identify neural structures that support response selection processes, and to determine which of these structures respond differently depending on the type of stimulus material associated with the response. Participants performed two versio...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00040-x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effects of arrows, eye gaze, and digits presented as irrelevant flankers in a line bisection task that was administered to 17 right brain damaged patients with or without left neglect. The rightward bias of neglect patients was selectively modulated by the direction of eye gaze and by the magnitude...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.08.019
更新日期:2008-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::We used a rapid event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to compare cortical activation to speech tokens presented monaurally to each ear, binaurally, and dichotically. Two forms of dichotic conditions were examined: one presented consonant-vowel (CV) syllables simultaneously to each ear whi...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.07.008
更新日期:2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::A consistent impairment in odor identification was observed among a group of 21 amnesic patients, diagnosed as having Korsakoff's psychosis. In a subsequent study of eight Korsakoff and matched alcoholic control subjects, a comparable olfactory deficit was again demonstrated, as well as impairment in color discriminat...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(86)90082-5
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objects in the real world typically appear within a broader context, having relationships with the environment. Do these relations between objects and the contexts in which they appear affect object identification? Previous findings of an N300 component evoked by scene-incongruent objects were taken as evidence for su...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.06.004
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Binary choice task has been poorly evaluated in patients with focal brain damage. We assessed the decision process in normal subjects and patients with frontal or posterior brain damage using a unimanual two-choice response time (CRT) paradigm. The decision was manipulated by varying the response probability and param...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(96)00012-7
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In hearing people, silent speechreading generates bilateral activation in superior temporal regions specialised for the perception of auditory speech [Science 276 (1997) 593; Neuroreport 11 (2000) 1729; Proceedings of the Royal Society London B 268 (2001) 451]. In the present study, FMRI data were collected from deaf ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(01)00180-4
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uncertainty about the emotional impact of future events is a common part of everyday life. However, relatively little is known about whether the level of uncertainty about the affective nature of an upcoming visual image influences anticipatory neurocognitive processes. To investigate this, participants viewed a serie...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107525
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In everyday life, we constantly need to remember the temporal sequence of visual events over short periods of time, for example, when making sense of others' actions or watching a movie. While there is increasing knowledge available on neural mechanisms underlying visual working memory (VWM) regarding the identity and...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.03.012
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus has been proposed to play a critical role in memory through its unique ability to bind together the disparate elements of an experience. This hypothesis has been widely examined in rodents using a class of tasks known as "configural" or "non-linear", where outcomes are determined by specific combinatio...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.04.007
更新日期:2007-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::The brain uses regularities in the sound environment to build inference models predicting the most likely attributes of subsequent sounds. When the inference model fails, a prediction-error signal (the mismatch negativity or MMN) is generated. This study is designed to explore the capacity to use information about whe...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.06.009
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-three consecutively admitted Parkinsonian patients, of whom over a third had undergone stereotactic surgery about a decade previously, and a small control group were given a confrontation naming task. A number of comparisons were made, under the rubrics of success in naming, types of error and response latency, ...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(86)90012-6
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of a 3-week computerised alertness training on chronic (>3 months) visuospatial hemineglect were investigated prospectively in seven patients by means of neuropsychological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Following the alertness training, the group showed improved alertness and a si...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.09.008
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemispheric asymmetries in retarded and normal children were examined in dichotic tests which followed extensive auditory-discrimination training and which required non-verbal responses to digits or words. Mean right-ear advantages were smaller for the retarded group than for the normal group. However, most retarded c...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(83)90103-3
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to a longstanding view, inferior as opposed to superior parietal cortex critically contributes to the spatial attentional deficits encountered following unilateral parietal ischemic lesions. We review the evidence on which this view is based and contrast it with more recent structural lesion evidence concern...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2011.12.016
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent development of noninvasive methods for measuring local rates of energy metabolism or blood flow in the brain has made it possible to investigate functional neuroanatomy in healthy human subjects. The best of these methods, high resolution measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with positron emis...
journal_title:Neuropsychologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0028-3932(91)90009-w
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00