Orientation selectivity in cats and humans assessed by masking.

abstract：:The crystalline lens of the vertebrate eye grows throughout life. This growth may be enormous in fish, while the lens must be functional from larva to adult. During growth, the fiber cells of the lens must increase the concentration of specific proteins (crystallins) in the cytoplasm to increase refractive index. Howe...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kozłowski TM,Kröger RHH

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An odd-one-out stimulus, such as a vertical bar among horizontals, pops out from the background and is easily detected, but its location may be slightly ambiguous. Four observers were asked to pinpoint these stimuli on thousands of trials, in 5 x 5 and 9 x 9 arrays of Gabor patches. We found they made frequent errors ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Popple AV,Petrov Y,Levi DM

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a texture-segregation paradigm, subjects were asked to detect figures whose elements were segregated from background either because of temporal offset or because of differing orientations. Texture elements were either isoluminant or had high or low luminance contrast. At high luminance contrast, figures could be se...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Leonards U,Singer W

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The changes with age in the accommodation responses to dynamic stimuli can reveal useful information on the factors underlying presbyopia development. Analysis of the monocular accommodation responses of 19 normal observers (ages 18-49 years) to stimuli whose vergence varied sinusoidally with time at different tempora...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Heron G,Charman WN

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of monocular deprivation (MD) on the crossed and uncrossed visual projections were studied using both electrophysiological and behavioural criteria. Our results show that Visual Evoked Potentials (VEPs) from the deprived eye (DE) in response to contrast reversing gratings are more reduced in the ipsilatera...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Bisti S,Carmignoto G

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Foley [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11 (1994) 1710] has proposed an influential psychophysical model of masking in which mask components in a contrast gain pool are raised to an exponent before summation and divisive inhibition. We tested this summation rule in experiments in which contrast detection thresholds were measured fo...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Meese TS,Holmes DJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contours are believed to play a key role in the visual analysis of scenes by the primate brain. In dynamic scenes, the presence of contours is often signaled by discontinuities in motion fields. However, it is unclear whether the motion fields over which the visual system extracts discontinuities, correspond to the lo...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Sinha P

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The perception of blackness was investigated by measuring spectral efficiency and field additivity under conditions of temporal induction. For both purposes, observers foveally viewed a 0.75 deg, inducing stimulus for 5 sec followed immediately (or 200 msec later) by a broadband (5500 K) reference stimulus of the same...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Volbrecht VJ,Werner JS

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Random dot motion (RDM) displays have emerged as one of the standard stimulus types employed in psychophysical and physiological studies of motion processing. RDMs are convenient because it is straightforward to manipulate the relative motion energy for a given motion direction in addition to stimulus parameters such ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pilly PK,Seitz AR

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hyperpolarizing responses to light were recorded intracellularly from red cones of the turtle, Pseudemys scripta elegans. Pairs of slit stimuli were flashed alone or together at various intensities, one slit positioned on the receptive field center and the other displaced 30 microns. The peak amplitude of the resp...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pluvinage V,Green DG

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superfusion with 200 microM 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (APB) of dark and chromatically adapted frog eyecups caused marked potentiation of the ERG OFF-response (d-wave). Blockade of the glycinergic synapses by strychnine did not change this effect at all. Blockade of the GABAergic synapses by picrotoxin slightly dimin...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Popova E,Kupenova P,Vitanova L,Mitova L

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study showed that at equiluminance the critical duration of temporal integration became shorter as the chromatic saturation of an adaptation field was increased. These results suggest that the chromatic coding system (which is assumed to posses poorer temporal resolution or larger temporal integration time...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kawabata Y

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocular, steady-state accommodative responses were measured as a function of spatial frequency of simple sinusoidal gratings presented at high contrast and target vergence levels in amblyopes, as well as in strabismics without amblyopia and in visually-normal control subjects. In general, spatial frequency dependenc...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Ciuffreda KJ,Hokoda SC

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On different chromatic adapting fields, thresholds were measured with a 1.2 deg flash consisting of simultaneous incremental and decremental red and green components that stimulate the M and L cones in any desired ratio. Thresholds were plotted in normalized coordinates in which the quantal change in the M and L cones...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Stromeyer CF 3rd,Cole GR,Kronauer RE

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to a top-down explanation of subliminal oculomotor capture, only subliminal distractors with a contrast polarity matching that of the searched-for targets should capture attention. For instance, when looking for white targets only subliminal white but not black distractors should capture attention. In contra...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Weichselbaum H,Fuchs I,Ansorge U

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The minimum stimulus necessary to define motion is a change in position from one location to another in time, but past studies have provided evidence that the human motion system integrates motion over more than two positions. In this study we demonstrate strong sequential interactions affecting perceived direction in...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Welch L,Macleod DI,Mckee SP

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transient system deficit hypothesis (TSDH) of specific reading disability [Percept. Psychophys. 40 (1986) 440] remains contentious. As part of a study examining multiple measures of transient and sustained system function, heterochromatic flicker matching (HFM) and brightness matching (HBM) were assessed in 30 poo...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Floyd RA,Dain SJ,Elliott RT

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We designed two extensions of Saslow's well-known gap and overlap conditions that require increased voluntary effort because of the progressive elimination of target onsets and fixation point offsets, and obtained repeatable data obeying simple numerical relations. For each of the five stimulus lighting conditions, sa...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kalesnykas RP,Hallett PE

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A simple visual test was used to measure how much Listing's plane rotates as a function of the vergence angle. This test measured the elevation-dependent torsional disparity of horizontal and vertical lines during three tasks: vergence on a near target, vergence through prisms that remained fixed, and through prisms t...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Somani RA,DeSouza JF,Tweed D,Vilis T

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The planning of the refixation saccade, i.e. the second saccade on 9- and 11-letter-strings, was assessed in two reading experiments that examined the influence of a length change at different times during the first fixation on a letter string. The results showed that the saccadic system was able to modify the first m...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Vergilino D,Beauvillain C

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used surface-based atlases of the cerebral cortex to analyze the functional organization of visual cortex in humans and macaque monkeys. The macaque atlas contains multiple partitioning schemes for visual cortex, including a probabilistic atlas of visual areas derived from a recent architectonic study, plus su...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Van Essen DC,Lewis JW,Drury HA,Hadjikhani N,Tootell RB,Bakircioglu M,Miller MI

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:MIRAGE, a theory for the primitive coding of the (1D) spatial distribution of luminance changes by the human visual system is developed from a theoretical examination of the practical problems associated with the characterization of such changes. The main novel feature of the theory is that the multiplicity of spatial...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Watt RJ,Morgan MJ

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine how local velocities from different regions of the visual field combine to form a coherent motion percept, we subjected a sinusoidal line stimulus to translational motion. Horizontal movement of a sinewave line along its axial direction is perceived as nonrigid if the angle at the zero crossing is smaller t...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Nakayama K,Silverman GH

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Weber contrast, DeltaL/L, is a widely used contrast metric for aperiodic stimuli. Zele, Cao & Pokorny [Zele, A. J., Cao, D., & Pokorny, J. (2007). Threshold units: A correct metric for reaction time? Vision Research, 47, 608-611] found that neither Weber contrast nor its transform to detection-threshold units equates ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Vassilev A,Murzac A,Zlatkova MB,Anderson RS

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the ability of observers to determine the vertical alignment of three Gabor patches (cosine gratings tapered in X and Y by Gaussians) when the grating within the middle patch was moving right or left. The comparison patches were flickered in counterphase, as was the test patch in a control condition. In al...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： De Valois RL,De Valois KK

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assess four common claims concerning the two-interval forced choice (2-IFC) procedure and the standard Difference Model of 2-IFC performance. The first two are (1) that it is unbiased and (2) that the structure of the 2-IFC task does not in itself alter sensitivity. The remaining two concern a claimed 2 enhancement...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Yeshurun Y,Carrasco M,Maloney LT

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five experiments explored short-term memory and incidental learning for random visual spatio-temporal sequences. In each experiment, human observers saw samples of 8 Hz temporally-modulated 1D or 2D contrast noise sequences whose members were either uncorrelated across an entire 1-s long stimulus sequence, or comprise...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Gold JM,Aizenman A,Bond SM,Sekuler R

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent evidence points to the importance of global operations across spatial regions larger than individual cortical receptive fields. Studies of contour integration and motion trajectory detection suggest that network operations between local detectors underlie the encoding of extended contours in space and extended ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Hess RF,Ledgeway T,Dakin S

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A dichoptic display in which the images are cyclorotated in opposite directions does not appear inclined. This suggests that perceived inclination depends on the difference between horizontal-shear and vertical-shear disparity. Large random-dot stereoscopic displays were presented with various types of shear disparity...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Howard IP,Kaneko H

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During free viewing visual search, observers often refixate the same locations several times before and after target detection is reported with a button press. We analyzed the rate of microsaccades in the sequence of refixations made during visual search and found two important components. One related to the visual co...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Privitera CM,Carney T,Klein S,Aguilar M

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00