Abstract:
:In vivo treatment of susceptible Escherichia coli cultures with low concentrations of dihydrostreptomycin leads to a decline in polysomes and a corresponding increase in 70S particles which behave as run-off ribosomes, as well as free 30S and 50S subunits. We have examined the timing and extent of these effects on ribosomes and compared them to the effects of this antibiotic on growth and protein synthesis. We have shown that no changes in ribosome distribution are observed until growth inhibition by dihydrostreptomycin is almost complete. Thus, intracellular dihydrostreptomycin can inhibit growth and net protein synthesis without apparently affecting the ribosome cycle. Since it is known that the antibiotic combines with free 30S subunits, the question is how such combination can bring about the observed inhibition of protein synthesis and growth. We suggest that specific interaction of intracellular antibiotic with proteins of the 30S subunits allows repeated use of the ribosome cycle by such affected particles, but with selective misreading of certain amino acid codons as terminator codons, so that they produce incomplete polypeptide chains. The cumulative effect of such a mechanism would lead to eventual cessation of protein synthesis and growth.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Kogut M,Prizant Edoi
10.1128/aac.7.3.341subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-03-01 00:00:00pages
341-8issue
3eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::beta-Lactamases produced by urine isolates from patients in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), outpatient, clinics, and one hospital in a U.S. community were characterized. A total of 1.3% of all Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected from patients in 30 LTCFs and various outpatient clinics prod...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00877-08
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with severe coccidioidomycosis infections are often treated with either amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) or liposomal amphotericin B (L-AmB). Outcome data with these agents in severe coccidioidomycosis cases are currently lacking. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of ABLC a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02293-17
更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::In a randomized crossover trial, six volunteers received 200- and 400-mg doses of loracarbef (LY 163892), a new oral cephalosporin. Mean +/- standard error of the mean concentrations in serum obtained after 1.5 and 3 h were 13.2 +/- 2.8 and 4.3 +/- 0.7 mg/liter, respectively, after the 400-mg dose and 6.9 +/- 1.0 and ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.36.3.521
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen responsible for pseudomembranous colitis and many cases of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Because of potential relapse of disease with current antimicrobial therapy protocols, there is a need for additional and/or alternative antimicrobial agents for the treatment ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.3.582
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of antibiotic treatment on establishment of intestinal colonization by Candida glabrata in adult mice. Subcutaneous ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam, clindamycin, and metronidazole promoted increased density of stool colonization, whereas cefepime, levofloxacin, and aztreonam did not. These ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.1.438-440.2005
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of penetration of quinolones through the bacterial outer membrane was studied with lipopolysaccharide-deficient and porin-deficient mutants. The data indicated that the lipopolysaccharide layer might form a permeability barrier for hydrophobic quinolones such as nalidixic acid but not for hydrophilic qui...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.29.3.535
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the penetration of doripenem administered intravenously into the rabbit aqueous and vitreous humors. Nineteen New Zealand White rabbits received a 20-mg dose of doripenem intravenously over 60 min. Specimens of aqueous humor, vitreous humor, and blood were obtained 30 min (n = 5)...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.06329-11
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite dose-limiting nephrotoxicity concerns, polymyxin B has resurged as the treatment of last resort for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and nephrotoxic properties of polymyxin B still are not thoroughly understood. The objective of this study w...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02445-15
更新日期:2015-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to describe the blood plasma (BP) and seminal plasma (SP) pharmacokinetics of tenofovir (TFV) in HIV-1-infected men, to assess the role of genetic polymorphism in the variability of TFV transfer into the male genital tract, and to evaluate the impact of TFV SP exposure on seminal plasma HIV...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02062-16
更新日期:2017-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::The multidrug resistance profiles of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) producers have led to increased clinical polymyxin use. Combination therapy with polymyxins may improve treatment outcomes, but it is uncertain which combinations are most effective. Clinical successes with intravenous minocycline-based com...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00073-17
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::The single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of and tolerability to a new microfluidized suspension of atovaquone were studied in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with CD4 counts of < or = 200 cells per mm3 in order to define a dosing regimen for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Thi...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.3.556
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Moxalactam (LY127935) exhibited greater in vitro activity than cefamandole and tobramycin against clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas hydrophila, and Pseudomonas maltophilia. The activities of the three drugs against other microorganisms were as follows: for staphylococci, cefamandole = tobramycin great...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.17.4.750
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been major interest by the scientific community in antivirulence approaches against bacterial infections. However, partly due to a lack of viable lead compounds, antivirulence therapeutics have yet to reach the clinic. Here we investigate the development of an antivirulence lead targeting quorum sensing sign...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00263-17
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Ninety-two strains of Yersinia pestis recovered over a 21-year period were evaluated for susceptibility to traditional and newer antimicrobial agents. In vitro resistance was noted only against rifampin and imipenem (approximately 20% of strains). The most active compounds (MIC at which 90% of the isolates tested are ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.7.1995-1996.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) used against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) need to be activated intracellularly to their triphosphate moiety to inhibit HIV replication. Intracellular concentrations of these NRTI triphosphates, especially zidovudine triphosphate (ZDV-TP), are relatively low...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.43.12.2964
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibacterial agents disrupt the ecological balance of the normal human microflora. Tigecycline, a member of a new class of antibiotics (glycylcyclines), has been shown to have a potent broad-spectrum activity against most gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The aim of the study was to inve...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00373-06
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The responses of 20 ampicillin-susceptible Haemophilus influenzae type b clinical isolates to the bactericidal action of ampicillin were studied by using a modified agar dilution plate count method. A well-defined paradoxical effect was observed in each of the 24-h killing curve patterns for 19 of the 20 isolates, the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.31.11.1711
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA ligases are indispensable enzymes playing a critical role in DNA replication, recombination, and repair in all living organisms. Bacterial NAD+-dependent DNA ligase (LigA) was evaluated for its potential as a broad-spectrum antibacterial target. A novel class of substituted adenosine analogs was discovered by targ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01181-10
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspergillus flavus is the second most significant pathogenic cause of invasive aspergillosis; however, its emergence risks and mechanisms of voriconazole (VRC) resistance have not yet been elucidated in detail. Here, we demonstrate that repeated exposure of A. flavus to subinhibitory concentrations of VRC in vitro cau...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01216-18
更新日期:2018-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Enterococcus faecium has emerged as a major opportunistic pathogen for 2 decades with the spread of hospital-adapted multidrug-resistant clones. As members of the intestinal microbiota, they are subjected to numerous bacterial stresses, including antibiotics at subinhibitory concentrations (SICs). Since fluoroquinolon...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02763-16
更新日期:2017-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic airway infection and inflammation contribute to the progressive loss of lung function and shortened survival of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Rhesus theta defensin-1 (RTD-1) is a macrocyclic host defense peptide with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Combined with favorable preclinical safet...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00154-17
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal doses for antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs in children have yet to be established. In 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended revised dosages of the first-line anti-TB drugs for children. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies that investigated the adequacy of the WHO revised dosages to date have yielded c...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00008-18
更新日期:2018-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Tat and gp120 intriguingly share the feature of being basic peptides that, once released by HIV(+) cells, bind to polyanionic heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) on target uninfected cells, contributing to the onset of AIDS-associated pathologies. To identify multitarget anti-HIV p...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01362-06
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to determine the temporal changes in tobramycin nephrotoxicity during the dark and the light periods of the day and to look for the mechanisms of such changes. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (9 to 11 weeks old) were housed in a 14-h-light-10-h-dark cycle (lights on 0600 to 2000 h). A bolus o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.38.1.54
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the antistaphylococcal activity of daptomycin, vancomycin, oxacillin, gentamicin, and rifampin in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Compared with vancomycin and oxacillin, daptomycin had the most rapid and greatest antibacterial activity, but that of oxacillin was most sustained. The combination of d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00973-06
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of second-line antituberculosis drugs would allow for optimal individualized dosage adjustments and improve drug safety and therapeutic outcomes. To evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of clinically relevant, multidrug treatment regimens and to improve the feasibility of...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00354-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study whether the capability of horizontal DNA transfer is associated with metronidazole resistance in Helicobacter pylori, a total of 81 clinical isolates were tested for MICs of metronidazole (MTZ). The MIC assays were performed by using the E-test and reconfirmed by the agar dilution method. Natural competence a...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.5.1564-1567.2002
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of 19 antimicrobial agents on human polymorphonuclear leukocyte function was evaluated by chemiluminescence assays, yeast phagocytosis and killing, and lactate dehydrogenase release. Tetracycline and trimethoprim inhibited chemiluminescence and reduced killing at therapeutic concentrations of 2 microgram/ml...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.20.1.15
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The resistance mechanisms of methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus saprophyticus were characterized. Penicillin-binding protein (PBP) studies demonstrated an inducible PBP identical to PBP 2a in the membranes of these isolates. The amount of beta-lactamase produced was minimal. PBP 2a is responsible for the ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.9.1780
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of clinical enterococcal isolates resistant to both ampicillin and vancomycin is a cause of great concern, as there are few therapeutic alternatives for treatment of infections caused by such organisms. We evaluated the effects of the combination of ampicillin with vancomycin against vancomycin-resistant...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.36.10.2201
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00