Sensitivity losses in a long wavelength sensitive mechanism of patients with retinitis pigmentosa.

abstract：:The sensitivity of X- and Y-cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat to small, temporally modulated displacements of grating stimuli was measured at 0.175, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 2.00 c/deg. For every cell, two threshold measures were determined: first, a contrast threshold with a counterphase grating ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Moss CF,Lehmkuhle S

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Existing models for the generation of saccades predict fixed trajectories between start and landing positions of saccades. Experimental data show that saccades have rather variable trajectories. The objective of the present research is to quantify the variability in trajectories of binocular saccades and to test in ho...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Erkelens AJ,Sloot OB

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Performance for a variety of visual tasks improves with practice. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of the processes underlying perceptual learning of identifying letters in peripheral vision. To do so, we tracked changes in contrast thresholds for identifying single letters presented at 10 degrees...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Chung ST,Levi DM,Tjan BS

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the relative orientations of the displacement planes of the two eyes under various conditions: fixations of nearby targets, of far targets and targets presented dichoptically at optical infinity. We show that disparity driven vergence is not always required to rotate the primary positions. We find that ey...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Bruno P,van den Berg AV

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sensitivity to the sudden displacement (phase shift) of a single monocularly presented sinusoidal grating is increased when a static grating of similar spatial frequency is presented to the same eye. If the static grating is presented to the other eye instead sensitivity is, at best, halved. This demonstration implies...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Badcock DR,Derrington AM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During scene perception our eyes generate complex sequences of fixations. Predictors of fixation locations are bottom-up factors such as luminance contrast, top-down factors like viewing instruction, and systematic biases, e.g., the tendency to place fixations near the center of an image. However, comparatively little...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Rothkegel LO,Trukenbrod HA,Schütt HH,Wichmann FA,Engbert R

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lenses from 27 human eyes ranging in age from 10 to 87 years were used to determine how accommodation and age affect the optical properties of the lens. A scanning laser technique was used to measure focal length and spherical aberration of the lenses, while the lenses were subjected to stretching forces applied throu...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Glasser A,Campbell MC

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal subjects were first light adapted to a standard photopic background and a control photopic ERG was obtained. The subjects were then light adapted to a brighter background for 5 min at the end of which the luminance was returned to the control background and ERGs were taken at regular intervals. Most of the ERG/...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Rousseau S,Lachapelle P

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the roles of the putative "spatial filter" and "local sign" mechanisms in determining line vernier thresholds for a range of target separations, using stimulus contrast or visibility as a tool. In Expt 1, the effects of varying target contrast and exposure duration on verni...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Waugh SJ,Levi DM

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Psychophysical measures of hue (wavelength) discrimination and spectral sensitivity were collected over a 3-year-period on a rhesus monkey whose right eye had been exposed to intense blue light 10 years prior and had shown a pronounced loss of blue sensitivity in an increment-threshold, spectral-sensitivity task. Hue ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Wright AA,Sperling HG,Mills SL

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A counterphase-modulated (i.e. contrast reversing) pattern will affect hypothetical neural elements sensitive to motion as well as hypothetical elements sensitive to changes in contrast and other elements sensitive to local luminance. Attempts to describe visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to contrast reversal entirely i...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Spekreijse H,Dagnelie G,Maier J,Regan D

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We observed that presenting a low-contrast Gabor patch (2 cpd, 5 degrees eccentricity, contrast=4%) for 8 s and then flashing a 20-30 ms high-contrast patch over it could elicit the perceptual disappearance of a subsequent low-contrast stimulus, whereas neither low-contrast adaptation nor high-contrast flash alone had...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Moradi F,Shimojo S

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A highly debated question in attention research is to what extent attention is biased by bottom-up factors such as saliency versus top-down factors as governed by the task. Visual search experiments in which participants are briefly familiarized with the task and then see a novel stimulus unannounced and for the first...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Ernst D,Becker S,Horstmann G

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Visual localization during saccadic eye movements is prone to error. Flashes shortly before and after the onset of saccades are usually perceived to shift towards the saccade target, creating a "compression" pattern. Typically, the saccade landing point coincides with a salient saccade target. We investigated whether ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Luo G,Garaas T,Pomplun M

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Researchers have investigated whether attentional capture during visual search is driven by top-down processes, i.e. experimental goals and directives, or by bottom-up processes, i.e. the properties of the items within a search display. Some research has demonstrated that subjects cannot avoid attending to a task-irre...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Berry JH

更新日期：2013-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess the contribution of high spatial frequency channels (i.e. local, edge-dependent mechanisms) to the grating induction effect, grating induction magnitude was measured as a function of systematic amounts of blurring of the inducing/test field boundary for four test field heights which spanned a two oc...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： McCourt ME,Blakeslee B

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor and its co-agonist d-serine play a key role in synaptic function in the central nervous system (CNS), including visual cortex and retina. In retinal diseases such as glaucoma and macular degeneration, a loss of vision arises from malfunction of retinal cells, resulting in a gluta...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Staubli U,Rangel-Diaz N,Alcantara M,Li YX,Yang JY,Zhang KM,Foster AC

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatio-temporal boundary formation (SBF) refers to a perceptual process responsible for perception of moving, bounded surfaces from sequential changes in spatially separated local elements. Previous research has indicated that this process produces perception of global form, continuous boundaries and global motion fro...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Shipley TF,Kellman PJ

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the ultimate goals of vision research is to understand how some elements are grouped together and differentiated from others to form object representations in a complex visual scene. There exists an extensive literature on this grouping/segmentation problem, but most of the studies have used un-recognizable sti...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Nygård GE,Looy TV,Wagemans J

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate amblyopic contrast vision at threshold and above we performed pedestal-masking (contrast discrimination) experiments with a group of eight strabismic amblyopes using horizontal sinusoidal gratings (mainly 3c/deg) in monocular, binocular and dichoptic configurations balanced across eye (i.e. five conditi...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Baker DH,Meese TS,Hess RF

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of photoreceptors during retinal degeneration leads to blindness, but information can be reintroduced into the visual system using electrical stimulation of the remaining retinal neurons. Subretinal photovoltaic arrays convert pulsed illumination into pulsed electric current to stimulate the inner retinal neurons...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Lorach H,Goetz G,Mandel Y,Lei X,Galambos L,Kamins TI,Mathieson K,Huie P,Dalal R,Harris JS,Palanker D

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural mechanisms underlying the initiation of saccadic eye movements were studied by recording the activity of neurons in the superior colliculus of rhesus monkeys that had extensive experience on the gap task using targets restricted to one visual field. The superposition of visual activation upon the increased exci...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Sparks D,Rohrer WH,Zhang Y

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neural degeneration in glaucoma involves retinal ganglion cells and neurons of their major target, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Dendrites of relay LGN neurons projecting to the visual cortex were studied by immunocytochemical and quantitative Sholl analysis in combination with confocal microscopy and 3D-morph...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Ly T,Gupta N,Weinreb RN,Kaufman PL,Yücel YH

更新日期：2011-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of adaptation on orientation discrimination using two experienced observers, then replicated the main effects using a total of 50 naïve subjects. Orientation discrimination around vertical improved after adaptation to either horizontal or vertical gratings, but was impaired by adaptation at ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Clifford CW,Wyatt AM,Arnold DH,Smith ST,Wenderoth P

更新日期：2001-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Luminance contrast discrimination was measured in 14 patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and 14 control observers with normal vision, using steady-pedestal and pulsed-pedestal paradigms [Pokorny, J., & Smith, V. C. (1997). Psychophysical signatures associated with magnocellular and parvocellular pathway contrast g...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Alexander KR,Pokorny J,Smith VC,Fishman GA,Barnes CS

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Shape primitives have long been proposed as components for object models in the visual system, and account for a considerable body of behavioral findings. While a large amount of effort has been devoted to the study of detection of these parts in the scenes, no research has been undertaken simulating the acquisition o...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Shams L,von der Malsburg C

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Subjects observed a random dot pattern that moved horizontally with modulated velocity within an invisible aperture. The velocity contrast, (V2-V1)/V1, was 2/3. Two different percepts occurred while observing this stimulus. At lower modulation frequencies, between 2 and 12 Hz, velocity changes were clearly seen; this ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Mateeff S,Hohnsbein J

更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The perceived size of 'P' and 'p' is influenced by their vertical position relative to nearby letters. In the experiments reported here, we show that uppercase 'P' appears smallest when it is displaced downward toward the letter's lowercase position, whereas lowercase 'p' appears largest when it is near the uppercase ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Katz M,Pola J

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To test whether first- and second-order stimuli are processed independently in amblyopic vision, we measured thresholds for identifying a target letter flanked by two letters for all combinations of first- and second-order targets and flankers. We found that (1) the magnitude of crowding is greater for second- than fo...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Chung ST,Li RW,Levi DM

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to a top-down explanation of subliminal oculomotor capture, only subliminal distractors with a contrast polarity matching that of the searched-for targets should capture attention. For instance, when looking for white targets only subliminal white but not black distractors should capture attention. In contra...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Weichselbaum H,Fuchs I,Ansorge U

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00