Abstract：
:A sodium/calcium exchange mechanism that mediates both Ca2+ exit and Ca2+ entry is present in the sarcolemma of most types of muscle including mammalian cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle (VSM). The rate and direction of Ca2+ transport mediated by the exchanger are normally regulated primarily by: (a) the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration (since both Ca2+ entry and exit are activated by intracellular Ca2+), (b) the intracellular Na+, and (c) the absolute difference between the membrane potential and the exchanger reversal potential. In both cardiac muscle and VSM, the exchanger biases the level of [Ca2+]i and thereby controls the amount of Ca2+ stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and, thus, the amount available for release when the cells are activated. In both tissues, the exchanger also plays an important role in the extrusion of Ca2+ following contractile activation.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Blaustein MPsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
S56-68eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
12 Suppl 5pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The safety of concomitant use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics (PSD) in severe heart failure remains a controversial issue. The database of the recently reported double-blind international trial, "Xamoterol in Severe Heart Failure," was investigated to elucidate this qu...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a double blind, randomized placebo-controlled crossover study we characterized how terbutaline affects the mean and short-term fluctuations of peripheral vascular resistance and arterial compliance. The study was carried out in six young and healthy male subjects in the supine and upright positions by recording con...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005344-200407000-00010
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, we provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that several vastatins with different potencies decrease arterial smooth-muscle cell (SMC) proliferation independently of their hypocholesterolemic properties. In this study, the in vivo dose-dependent antiproliferative activity of fluvastatin on neointimal formation...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:LY53857, spiperone, ketanserin, and setoperone were potent and competitive 5-HT2-receptor antagonists in the rat jugular vein with equivalent affinities at 5-HT2 receptors. In the rat jugular vein, ritanserin blocked 5-HT2-mediated contractile responses with a depression of the maximum response in concentrations great...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression of myocardial contractility by muscarinic agonists is dependent on underlying beta-adrenergic tone. The negative inotropic effect of muscarinic agonists is enhanced by previous beta-adrenergic stimulation, an action that has been termed accentuated antagonism. We wished to determine whether accentuated anta...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199512000-00002
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The short half-life, low plasma concentrations, and extensive biotransformation of prazosin suggest that it might be subject to extensive first-pass metabolism. Bioavailability, disposition, and hepatic extraction were studied in the dog. In conscious dogs whole blood prazosin concentrations were measured after oral a...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-197911000-00005
更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to characterize angiotensin II (AII) receptors in cerebral capillary endothelium and to examine whether the first step in AII responsiveness, namely AII receptor binding, is aberrant in cerebral microvessels obtained from adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The binding of [3H]a...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198902000-00008
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effects of a newly synthesized dihydropyridine (DHP) derivative (NZ-105) on intracellular Ca transients and contraction in ferret ventricular muscles, using the aequorin method. Low concentrations of NZ-105 (10(-9)-10(-7) M) showed no significant effects on the light signal of aequorin and tension ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of nonpharmacological measures--diet (restriction to salt), weight reduction, stress avoidance, stopping smoking, and exercise--are analyzed after being applied to 145 hypertensive individuals (average age 60.3 years) using antihypertensive drugs for 6 months without nonpharmacological therapy. The initial ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 80 patients with moderate hypertension the effects of nisoldipine 10 mg b.i.d., nifedipine 10 mg and 20 mg t.i.d., diltiazem 60 mg and 120 mg t.i.d., and verapamil 40 mg q.i.d. (all after single dose and 14 days' treatment) on blood pressure; hemodynamic parameters (cardiac output, stroke volume, left ventricular e...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease of the pulmonary vasculature characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure. Currently, there is no cure for this disease, and treatment is palliative. PAH therapies target 3 main pathways: prostacyclin, endothelin, and nitric oxide. The 3 distinct th...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181f89bdb
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the importance of adenosine (Ado)-receptor activation in preconditioning (PC) has been established, it is unclear whether cardioprotection afforded by PC is determined by the Ado level during PC ischemia or by that during sustained ischemia. Accordingly, we tested whether the PC effect is modified by augmenti...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199801000-00001
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial damage triggers platelet adhesion and platelet-associated prothrombinase formation at the point of injury, resulting in the progression of thrombus formation. The present study compared the inhibitory effects of fondaparinux, an indirect factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor, and TAK-442, a direct FXa inhibitor, on pl...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e31820382a9
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the central nervous system has been suggested to produce suppressive effects on pain transmission. We investigated the manner by which ET-1 exerts this action. ET-1 administered intracerebroventricularly produced a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect in a thermal pain test that utilized a spin...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.fjc.0000166271.40044.0c
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells are the major cells that constitute blood vessels, and endothelial cells line the lumen of blood vessels. These 2 types of cells also play an integral role in the regional specialization of vascular structure. On the basis of these observations, we designed our study to invest...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e31803e8756
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Independent determinations of Ca2+ by two indicators showed that subcellular Ca2+ activity (intracellular free calcium concentration) was heterogeneous in rat myocardial cells. Arsenazo III (Az III), a membrane-impermeant absorbance indicator for Ca2+, was loaded into cardiac muscle via liposomes and calcium quantitat...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The therapeutic strategy of heart rate control for atrial fibrillation (AF) is undergoing a renaissance since several recent randomized trials demonstrated clear advantages over the rhythm control for many patients. Heart rate control for AF is hampered, however, by a dearth of information relating target heart rates ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e31816d5f49
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beta-blocker therapy has been shown to be associated with an increase in the plasma concentration of A-type natriuretic peptide (ANP). Whether the plasma concentration of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), which is mainly derived from ventricular tissue, is also increased and whether this increase is caused by increase...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005344-200310000-00002
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously reported that i.v. DAMGO (Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-NMePhe-Gly-ol), a selective mu-opioid agonist, causes an increase in blood pressure with no change in heart rate in unanesthetized sheep and subsequently demonstrated that DAMGO attenuates baroreflex-mediated bradycardia. To determine the site and mechanism by whic...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-200002000-00014
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To elucidate the pathophysiological role of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) in diseased hearts, ANP levels in atrial and ventricular tissues and plasma were investigated in mice with congestive heart failure after viral myocarditis. The study was performed on day 14 after encephalomyocarditis viral inoculation, w...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine the electrophysiological effects of isoprenaline, phenylephrine, and noradrenaline on sheep Purkinje fibers in vitro, superfused either with a normal or with a modified physiological salt solution (PSS) designed to mimic some of the conditions occurring during mild myocardial ische...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198902000-00018
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of big endothelin (ET) on renal hemodynamics and excretory functions in rats with experimental congestive heart failure (CHF) produced by aortocaval fistula. Clearance studies were performed in control and in chronic (7 day) CHF rats. Administration of bit ET (1 a...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of two antihypertensive agents, nifedipine (N) and captopril (C), on left ventricular (LV) mass and volume were studied in 16 patients with essential hypertension (8 treated with N and 8 with C for 6 months) by means of a complete M-mode echocardiogram monitored by two-dimensional echocardiography. Both N ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The majority of patients with implanted cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) require antiarrhythmic (AR) drugs. ARs may increase defibrillation energy requirements. This study investigated the effects of lidocaine, ajmaline, and diltiazem on ventricular defibrillation energy needs. In 24 isolated rabbit hearts, the 50 an...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199704000-00001
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelin-1 (ET-1), endothelin-3 (ET-3), sarafotoxin 6b (SX6b), and sarafotoxin 6C (SX6c) were used as agonists, and BQ-123 (ETA-selective) and PD 142893 (ET receptor-nonselective) were used as antagonists to characterize the receptors mediating the effects of the ET/SX peptides on a variety of isolated smooth-muscle...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199322008-00032
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antecubital venous plasma neuropeptide Y-like immunoreactivity (NPY-LI) and catecholamines were analyzed in six healthy volunteers performing a graded bicycle exercise without medication and after acute administration of clonidine, phentolamine, and nifedipine. During the control exercise, plasma noradrenaline (NA), a...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-198811000-00014
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of various doses of intravenously (i.v.) infused (5-min duration, 0.1-3.2 nmol/kg/min) or bolus-injected (0.1-3.2 nmol/kg) porcine and/or rat/human neuropeptide Y (NPY) on mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and plasma concentrations of porcine NPY-like immunoreactivity (pNPYir) were examined in...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199111000-00001
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Loop diuretics could adversely influence prognosis due to activation of neurohumoral mechanism in the long term. Previous study showed torasemide, a loop diuretic with anti-aldosteronergic properties, was associated with lower mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We evaluated the effects of torasemi...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/FJC.0b013e3181a717f7
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of bufuralol and its carbinol metabolite have been compared with those of propranolol in the anaesthetised and conscious cat and dog. Bufuralol and its carbinol metabolite are nonselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists; the former has equivalent potency to propranolol, whereas the latter is six times more ...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We wished to test (a) whether single-drug therapy with a low dose of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor perindopril has the capacity to improve early survival of the cardiomyopathic Syrian hamster (CSH); (b) whether early treatment with perindopril modifies CSH survival to a greater extent than perindop...
journal_title：Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005344-199407000-00023
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
