Abstract:
:Signalling lipids are known to control a wide array of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and energy metabolism. Fatty acids and their derivatives, eicosanoids, phosphoinositides, sphingolipids, some cannabinoid-like molecules bind and activate nuclear receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). This subfamily of transcription factors comprises three isotypes - PPARα (NR1C1), PPAR β/δ (NR1C2), PPARγ (NR1C3) - which bind to specific DNA response elements, as heterodimers with retinoid X receptors. PPAR activity is modulated by post-translational modifications and cofactors, towards which they show differential affinity. The three PPARs mutually interact, being integrated in a complex system, leading to the concept of a "PPAR triad". Nevertheless, the isotypes also show distinct actions on cellular physiology and partially different tissue, ligand and target gene specificities. In the brain, while the functions of PPARγ and its ligands are being thoroughly investigated, the actual and potential roles of PPARα and β/δ are far from being clarified. PPARα appears especially intriguing, since it is selectively expressed in certain brain areas and neuronal/glial populations, and modulates antioxidant responses, neurotransmission, neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, and glial cell proliferation/differentiation. This receptor and its endogenous ligands, including oleoylethanoloamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), are involved in physiological and pathological responses, such as satiety, memory consolidation, and modulation of pain perception. The protective role of PPARα agonists in neurodegenerative diseases and in neuropsychiatric disorders makes manipulation of this pathway highly attractive as therapeutic strategy for neuropathological conditions. In this review, we focus on the pleiotropic functions of PPARα and its lipid ligands in the nervous tissue, devoting special attention to neuroprotection.
journal_name
Curr Med Chemjournal_title
Current medicinal chemistryauthors
Fidaleo M,Fanelli F,Ceru MP,Moreno Sdoi
10.2174/0929867321666140303143455subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
2803-21issue
24eissn
0929-8673issn
1875-533Xpii
CMC-EPUB-59434journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD) is characterized by behavioral changes, executive dysfunctions, and language impairment, sustained by different neuropathological patterns. The collective efforts of clinical, pathological and genetic studies have recently opened new insights into the underpinnings of pathologi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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doi:10.2174/092986712799320637
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abstract::Nature continues to be the main source of inspiration for synthetic chemists in their quest to make novel conjugates, which can have different physical, biological and medicinal properties. Nature makes these conjugates from mixed biosynthesis and some of these chimeras are found to exhibit unusual biological properti...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Fungi play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems interacting positively or negatively with plants. These interactions are complex and the outcomes are different depending on the fungal lifestyles, saprotrophic, mutualistic or pathogenic. Furthermore, fungi are well known for producing secondary metabol...
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abstract:BACKGROUND:The sterile alpha motif (Sam) domain is a small helical protein module, able to undergo homo- and hetero-oligomerization, as well as polymerization, thus forming different types of protein architectures. A few Sam domains are involved in pathological processes and consequently, they represent valuable target...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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abstract::Resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones has been increasingly reported among human and veterinary isolates during the last three decades related to their wide clinical use. Until recently, the mechanisms of resistance to quinolones in Enterobacteriaceae were believed to be only chromosome-encoded, i.e. related t...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are diverse group of compounds used for the treatment of inflammation, since the introduction of acetylsalicylic acid in 1899. Traditional (first generation) NSAIDs exert antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects through the blockade of prostaglandin synthe...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986710790979980
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present article reviews interesting cationic liposomes (cationic transfection lipids) with novel cationic cholesterol derivatives, a new strategy in gene transfection developed by our group and the presently accepted molecular mechanism of gene transfection. Use of confocal laser scanning microscopy and atomic for...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::For many years clinicians have been searching for "kidney troponin"- a simple diagnostic tool to assess risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Recently, the rise in the variety of contrast-related procedures (contrast computed tomography [CT], percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] and angiography) have resulted in incr...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The genus Achillea L. is rich in bioactive sesquiterpenes and flavonoids; most of the studied species exhibit several biological activities and are used as emmenagogue, wound healing and analgesic agents. Some species are also used in local folklore medicine. OBJECTIVE:Following a literature survey, we disc...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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abstract::Combination therapy in the treatment of viral infections in which, for example, three different drugs against three different targets on three independent proteins are administered, has been highly successful clinically. However, it is only a matter of time before a virus will arise resistant to all three drugs, becau...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cancer metabolic reprogramming rekindles enthusiasm for the research of metabolic regulation in cancer drug resistance. A growing number of metabolic modifiers combined with cancer drugs obtain the expected efficacy in in vitro or in vivo studies, also in clinical trial studies, indicating a good potential o...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170203121449
更新日期:2017-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::The design and development of radiolabelled steroid derivatives has been an important area of research due to their wellknown value in breast cancer targeting. The estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) are important biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis and follow-up of the therapeutic response of bre...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of oxacephalotin and oxacephamandol, which are more active than natural, sulfur-containing congeners, and the isolation of clavulanic acid, a potent inhibitor of beta-lactamase enzymes, directed attention of many academic and industrial laboratories the synthesis of oxygen analogues of penicillins and ce...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paediatric Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a life-threatening and infectious disease in which the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is mainly transmitted through Mother-To- Child Transmission (MTCT) during pregnancy, labour and delivery, or breastfeeding. This review provides an overview of the distinct ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dimerization and oligomerization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), proposed almost 30 years ago, have crucial relevance for drug design. Indeed, formation of GPCR oligomers may affect the diversity and performance by which extracellular signals are transferred to G proteins in the process of receptor transductio...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/092986711797379285
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paclitaxel has been proven to be effective against different types of cancer. A delivery system loaded with paclitaxel at tumor site should provide a high local concentration of the drug detrimental to malignant cells, which prevents the re-growth and metastasis of tumor. In this review, paclitaxel formulations for sy...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC; EC 2.1.3.3) is a one-carbon-unit transferring enzyme that synthesizes citrulline using ornithine and carbamoylphosphate as substrates. It is involved in the metabolic transformation of arginine and proline, and it participates in the urea cycle in vertebrates and in the formation of pu...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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doi:10.2174/092986710791331031
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug-loaded nanoparticles have shown great potential in the study of carriers for disease-targeting drug delivery. Drug-loaded nanoparticles are excellent in keeping the drug in the systemic circulation for a prolonged period of time, introducing targeting molecules to improve targeting efficiency and to reduce side e...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful antigen-presenting cells which link the innate and adaptive immune responses. Depending on the context DCs initiate the immune responses or contribute to immune tolerance. Any disturbance in their phenotypes and functions may initiate inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Hen...
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abstract::The human body is composed of 60 trillion cells, which have their origin in a fertilized egg. During development, the potential of a cell or tissue can be achieved by environmental manipulation. Then, what molecular determinants underlie or accompany the potential of the cells? To obtain a broader understanding of the...
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更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::RNA aptamers are non-coding small RNAs that bind to their cognate targets with high specificity and affinity. They are generally identified by iterative rounds of in vitro selection termed SELEX (Systemic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment). Similar to antibodies, they can inhibit, modulate and disrupt the...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The large increase in epidemiological studies on night shift work is due to the important effects of night shift work on workers' health and psychophysical wellbeing. The short-term effects-insomnia, difficulties in managing work and private life, lower work performance, and more work and extra-work accident...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170720160632
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.2174/092986732535181026143801
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Post-exercise cardiac troponin T (cTnT) release has been widely reported in adult athletes but limited data is available for adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and magnitude of cTnT appearance in a large group of adolescent runners, and to determine any association between cTnT...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/092986711796642625
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perceiving a pharmacophore is the first essential step towards understanding the interaction between a receptor and a ligand. Once a pharmacophore is established, a beneficial use of it is 3D database searching to retrieve novel compounds that would match the pharmacophore, without necessarily duplicating the topologi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867013372481
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of dopaminergic agonists is key in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and related central nervous system (CNS) neurodegenerative disorders. Despite there are a number of commercialized dopaminergic agonists that are currently being used successfully in the first stages of the disease, they often fail to prov...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molecules in biological systems often can perform more than one function. In particular, many molecules have the ability to chemically scavenge free radicals and thus act in the test tube as antioxidant, but their main biological function is by acting as hormones, ligands for transcription factors, modulators of enzym...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
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更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cancer cells are permanently being selected for survival and proliferation. During this process, tumor cells often co-opt basic physiological mechanisms to protect themselves from toxic chemotherapy. One of these mechanisms is the overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux pumps leading to multidrug resi...
journal_title:Current medicinal chemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/0929867324666161118130238
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00