Abstract:
:Rapidly inflating health care costs limit patient care, and prescription drug costs constitute a major component of this expenditure. This study examines attitudes toward and knowledge of prescription drug costs of primary care physicians. Access to information about drug costs and implications for medical education are also explored. A questionnaire survey was sent to 137 internists, family, and general practitioners, randomly selected from a list provided by the Ohio State Medical Board. The questionnaire elicited information on demographic characteristics of respondents, influence of drug costs on prescribing habits, actual knowledge of prices of the 20 most commonly used drugs, attitudes toward generic drug use, sources of information on costs, and desire for emphasis on drug costs in medical education. Responding physicians indicated consideration of drug costs in therapeutic decisions, but lacked information and often made inaccurate assumptions about costs of drugs prescribed. Most felt they could provide better service and reduce costs if information about drug prices was readily available. Most agreed medical education should address drug costs. Drug cost estimates varied widely; correct responses ranged from 9% to 53%. No statistically significant pattern emerged regarding demographics of respondents or information sources used. Primary care physicians consider drug costs important and realize that cost-effective prescribing may lower health care costs. However, because physician knowledge of drug costs is inadequate and costs are not readily accessible, implications for better physician education and improved abscess are substantial.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Walzak D,Swindells S,Bhardwaj Adoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb04726.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-12-01 00:00:00pages
1159-63issue
12eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The objective of this study was to measure the steady-state cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration of LY450108 and LY451395 (positive modulators of AMPA receptors) in healthy subjects after the administration of 1 mg and 5 mg. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of safety, pharmacokinetics, and steady-state ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270006286899
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind cross-over study in 12 healthy volunteers the effect of acute alcohol intake during treatment with transdermally administered scopolamine (TTS-scopolamine) was investigated. One group of six subjects reached maximal blood alcohol concentrations (BAC) of 80 mg/dL and an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb05728.x
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine patients with resistant hypertension received captopril for 12 months. Five received captopril alone, four required additional therapy. In the former, mean blood pressure fell from 109 +/- 4.2 mm Hg to 84 +/- 7.5 mm Hg (P less than 0.025) after seven days. A rise to 101 +/- 19 mm Hg was noted at six and 12 months...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02634.x
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unresolved issues of ethical, methodological, and legal concerns in the use of normal healthy volunteers persist. Financial incentives in their recruitment offer a unique ethical dilemma because of questions surrounding payment. A review of literature was conducted to obtain research systematically examining volunteer...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were performed on humans to study the blunting on the diuretic action of furosemide by prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors. Maximal water diuresis was instituted. At the peak of urine flow, clearance periods were performed during baseline conditions and repeated after the injection of aspirin and, subseque...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1980.tb01718.x
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the efficacy and safety of ketoprofen patch compared with placebo in patients who had rheumatoid arthritis and persistent wrist pain. Patients (N = 676)who had achieved systemic disease control with a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug and/or systemic corticosteroid, but still had persistent wris...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270009355813
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the relationship, precision, and bias of a propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) system during prolonged infusion in neurosurgical patients. We retrospectively included patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective neurosurgical removal of brain tumors and postoperative...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1060
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standard of care for ulcerative colitis involves long-term pharmacotherapy or colectomy. Approximately 20% to 30% of patients eventually require a colectomy because patients either do not respond or cannot tolerate the currently available pharmacotherapies. Advances in our knowledge of the pathophysiology of ulcerativ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0091270007301623
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of food on the oral bioavailability of sustained-release morphine sulfate tablets (ORAMORPH SR; Roxane Laboratories, Inc., Columbus, OH; OSR) was examined in an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover study. Healthy male volunteers received a 30-mg OSR tablet orally every 12 hours for seven doses durin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03802.x
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is routinely used as a surrogate endpoint for the development of investigational drugs in clinical trials. GFR and staging of chronic kidney disease are typically assessed by measuring the concentration of endogenous serum biomarkers such as albumin and creatinine. However, creatinine ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcph.1132
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Validation of study methods is a prerequisite for their usability. Empirical quality criteria based on test-theoretical principles are useful for this purpose. These criteria are discussed for several noninvasive methods used in cardiovascular clinical pharmacology: electrocardiography, systolic time intervals, blood ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/009127009703700117
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 125 outpatients with moderate to severe pain after surgical removal of one impacted third molar were randomly assigned to receive dexketoprofen trometamol 12.5 or 25 mg or dipyrone 575 mg. For first-dose assessments, patients rated their pain intensity and its relief at regular intervals. From 60 min post d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1998.38.s1.55
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma concentrations of minaxolone were measured in 15 female patients during and for up to 3 hours after a minaxolone and nitrous oxide anesthetic. Nine patients received a single dose and six patients two or three doses of minaxolone. Plasma minaxolone decay can be described by two-compartment kinetics. Distributio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02681.x
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), thereby inhibiting platelet function via blockade of thromboxane A2 (TxA2) formation, and COX-2, the enzyme that mediates inflammatory responses. Meloxicam is a relatively COX-2-selective anti-arthritis drug that shows significant TxA2 inh...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/009127002401102795
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Weight loss has been associated with improvement in insulin sensitivity. It is consequently a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the strictly quantitative relationship between weight loss, insulin sensitivity, and clinically relevant glucose homeostasis biomarkers as well as cha...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1728
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of intravenous (IV) levetiracetam (LEV) as a monotherapy in children aged 1 month-16 years and to explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) of IV LEV and the time to seizure after IV then oral administration of LEV in pediatric children with epilepsy. Children diagnosed...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1282
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because of the key role blood viscosity plays in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) and the hemorheological effects of pentoxifylline (PTX), this study was conducted to evaluate whether PTX can reduce BP when added to captopril in patients with stage 1 hypertension. In this randomized clinical trial 62 patients wit...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1516
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twelve healthy subjects participated in a study to determine the effect of multiple doses of troglitazone on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Subjects received digoxin 0.25 mg orally once daily on days 1 through 20 and 400 mg of troglitazone orally once daily on days 11 through 20. Serial plasma samples a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1998.tb04408.x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nicotinic acid is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin that has been shown, in high doses, to lower total plasma cholesterol (C), LDL-C, and VLDL-triglycerides (Tg), while raising HDL-C in patients with type II, III, IV, and V hyperlipoproteinemia. Its exact mechanism of action is not known, but it appears to lower the p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03750.x
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two populations of critical care patients were studied using indices of renal tubular damage (beta 2-microglobulin, enzymes, casts) and indices of glomerular filtration (creatinine, creatinine clearance). The purpose of these studies had been initially to elucidate the type of renal failure typical of the critically i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1983.tb01793.x
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ball-and-stick mechanical models, typically associated with chemists, have been helpful in understanding structural problems and the relationship between structure and biologic activity. With progress in computer speed, graphics performance, and software innovation, molecules of biological interest can be subjected to...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb03915.x
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assesses the magnitude and duration of action of three different oral doses of the new orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor RO 312848 (cilazapril, Hoffman-LaRoche, Nutley, NJ) on blood pressure and plasma ACE levels. Twelve hypertensive patients were separated into two groups: Group A...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03194.x
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::These studies were conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of several retinoids after meal consumption or vitamin A supplementation to establish a reference for future assessment of teratogenic risks of retinoid therapeutic agents. In the first study, 36 healthy young female volunteers consumed single meals contain...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04253.x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::R(+)-alpha-lipoic acid is a natural occurring compound that acts as an essential cofactor for certain dehydrogenase complexes. The redox couple alpha-lipoic acid/dihydrolipoic acid possesses potent antioxidant activity. Exogenous racemic alpha-lipoic acid orally administered for the symptomatic treatment of diabetic p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270003258654
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Cardiac Antiarrhythmic Suppression Trial (CAST) showed flecainide and encainide induced excess mortality compared with placebo. Labeling drugs as Class 1C is based on clinical observations, comprising measurements of the electrocardiographic parameters QRS. H-V and J-T intervals and of effective refractory period ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03695.x
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 71 HIV-negative healthy adults were randomized to 1 of 6 regimens to receive lopinavir/ritonavir tablets 400/100 mg twice daily (bid) or 800/200 mg once daily (qd) or atazanavir 300 mg + ritonavir 100 mg qd from study days 1 to 15 with a moderate-fat meal. One hour before breakfast, either omeprazole 40 mg ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270007313392
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective antiretroviral (ARV)-based HIV prevention strategies require optimizing drug exposure in mucosal tissues; yet factors influencing mucosal tissue disposition remain unknown. We hypothesized drug transporter expression in vaginal, cervical, and colorectal tissues is a contributing factor and selected 3 efflux ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.248
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this open-label, parallel-group study was to investigate the effect of severe renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK), tolerability, and safety of clazosentan, an intravenous endothelin receptor antagonist. Clazosentan was administered as a continuous intravenous infusion of 1 mg/h for a period of...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270010368975
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::CBER's philosophy partners with the sponsor's philosophy in the development of electronic dossiers. Based on the experience gained from a number of dossiers, CBER has established a standard management paradigm and imaging platform by which the review of radiographs has been facilitated. ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/009127001773744297
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to assess whether cimetidine affects the pharmacokinetics of sustained-release (SR) bupropion hydrochloride and the active metabolite, hydroxybupropion. This randomized, open-label, two-period crossover study was conducted in 24 healthy volunteers 18 to 45 years of age. ANOVA showed tha...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00