Abstract:
:Solvent extraction is recommended as a suitable method for the removal of heavy metals from the waste waters of the chemical and electronic industries. Common extractants are organic compounds with molecular mass 200-450, almost insoluble in water (5-50 ppm), that selectively extract metals from aqueous solutions. On the basis of data from the literature, the extraction conditions are reviewed for the metals that cause problems in waste waters. The extraction conditions are understood to mean the type of extractant, anion present in the aqueous phase, and pH. As far as the data permit, the metals are ordered according to their extractability by given extractants. Special attention is paid to the main source of contamination of waste waters by heavy metals, namely electroplating plants. Two examples of the design of mixer-settler batteries are presented, which demonstrate continuous removal of heavy metals from the waste waters of electroplating plants to levels below the permissible limits. The first example illustrates removal of cadmium using triisooctylamine in a mixer-settler battery with the pertraction flow-arrangement; the second, removal of zinc and lead from rinse waters using the organophosphoric acid DEHPA (bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid) in a battery with counter-current flow and reflux. The extraction equilibrium data were obtained in laboratory experiments using chloride solutions in concentrations close to those in the rinse waters of electroplating plants (Černá and Volaufová, 1991).
journal_name
Environ Monit Assessjournal_title
Environmental monitoring and assessmentauthors
Cerná Mdoi
10.1007/BF00546029subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
151-62issue
2eissn
0167-6369issn
1573-2959journal_volume
34pub_type
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