Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To examine levels of serum tryptophan and its degradation product kynurenine in uncomplicated pregnancy, according to the week of pregnancy and the concentrations of neopterin. METHODS:Plasma was analyzed from 45 healthy pregnant women (15 in each trimester), 15 healthy puerperas, and 20 nonpregnant controls. Tryptophan and kynurenine were measured by reverse-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography, and neopterin by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS:In healthy pregnant women, tryptophan values decreased (median first trimester: 72 mumol/L; second trimester: 51 mumol/L; third trimester: 46 mumol/L; P < .001) in a manner correlated with the duration of pregnancy (Spearman rank correlation coefficient ra = -0.771, P < .001) and normalized in the puerperium (median 60 mumol/L). No change in kynurenine, a tryptophan degradation product, was observed, but the ratio of kynurenine to tryptophan increased during pregnancy and correlated positively with gestational age (ra = 0.714, P < .001). In addition, an inverse correlation existed between neopterin and tryptophan concentrations (ra = -0.566, P < .001), as well as a positive one between neopterin and the kynurenine to tryptophan ratio (ra = 0.660, P < .001). CONCLUSION:Tryptophan levels decrease during normal pregnancy and the decrease may be related to immune activation phenomena.
journal_name
Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
Obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Schröcksnadel H,Baier-Bitterlich G,Dapunt O,Wachter H,Fuchs Ddoi
10.1016/0029-7844(96)00084-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
47-50issue
1eissn
0029-7844issn
1873-233Xpii
0029-7844(96)00084-1journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine risk factors for pregnancy after tubal sterilization with bipolar electrocoagulation. METHODS:A total of 2267 women who had bipolar electrocoagulation were followed for up to 8 to 14 years as part of a multicenter, prospective, cohort study conducted in medical centers in nine United States citi...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00316-6
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare persistent ectopic pregnancy after laparoscopic salpingostomy versus salpingostomy at laparotomy for the treatment of intact ampullary ectopic pregnancy. METHODS:We reviewed the medical records of 157 patients who had undergone salpingostomy for intact ampullary ectopic pregnancy at Yale-New Haven...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid and accurate detection of neonatal bacteremia is an important part of the management of the neonate with suspected sepsis. This study compared the incidence of positive umbilical cord blood cultures (UCBCs) to the incidence of positive peripheral venous blood cultures and determined whether a meticulous UCBC tec...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In an effort to minimize injuries associated with closed laparoscopic entry, many surgeons use a 10-mm standard open laparoscopy technique. Disadvantages of this open technique are that it requires a larger incision, fascial sutures, and does not always achieve an airtight seal. Although 5-mm laparoscopics w...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000001202
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia is caused by platelet antigen incompatibility between the mother and fetus. Affected fetuses may have severe thrombocytopenia leading to intracranial hemorrhage before or at birth. We sought to treat this condition in utero to prevent these hemorrhages. METHODS:Eighteen w...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hemodynamic effects of intravenously infused dihydralazine (incremental doses up to 125 micrograms per minute during 60 minutes) were studied in ten women with acute or superimposed severe preeclampsia. The intervillous and umbilical vein blood flow were measured before and during dihydralazine infusion with 133Xe...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the length of the second stage of labor in relation to increasing maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) among nulliparous parturient women, and to determine whether route of delivery differs among obese, overweight, and normal-weight women reaching the second stage of labor. METHODS:We perf...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1097/AOG.0b013e318236fbd1
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This population-based case-control study assessed the effect of current use of monophasic or triphasic oral contraceptives (OCs) on the risk of functional ovarian cyst development. The cases were all 15-39-year-old enrollees in the Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound who had either an inpatient primary diagnosis o...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characteristics of the fetal heart rate (FHR) were studied longitudinally throughout the second and third trimesters in 43 low-risk singleton fetuses. The second trimester was characterized by an FHR pattern showing minimal differences between quiet and active intervals of fetal behavior. Few movements were accompanie...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00006250-199011000-00017
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine racial differences in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use by analyzing the relative risks and rates of HRT prescriptions for black and white women. METHODS:Data on visits to hospital outpatient departments and office-based physicians by black and white women aged 45-64 years were obtained from 2...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00540-7
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe a second-stage partogram based on a system of scoring the descent and position of the fetal head and to use this system for studying progress in the second stage of labor and predicting mode of delivery and obstetric outcome. METHODS:A prospective observational study of 1413 women at term with a ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(00)00981-9
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine risk factors for preterm delivery in women who present to nontertiary care hospitals with preterm contractions. METHODS:Women who presented to a network of community hospitals in Wisconsin with preterm contractions were followed until delivery. The main outcomes were preterm delivery before comple...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00108-2
更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a new method for vulvar reconstruction based on recently described vasculature of the lower abdominal skin and subcutaneous tissue. The superficial external pudendal artery supplies the region encompassing the suprapubic and infraumbilical skin. Thus, a pedicled skin flap based on the superficial external p...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The serum concentration of prolactin and the presence of galactorrhea were evaluated systematically in a prospective study of the effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). In 21 patients, the diagnosis of PCO was made by laparoscopy. Three women presented with galactorrhea and inc...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From 1973 to 1983, cytogenetic analyses were performed on blood samples from 144 couples referred because of two or more spontaneous abortions. Any couple with abnormal offspring in addition to the miscarriages was excluded from the study. Two balanced translocations were found in the 288 individuals examined (0.7%). ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The application of sophisticated anaerobic technology coupled with culdocentesis has radically altered out concepts of endometritis-salpingitis-peritonitis (ESP). The demonstration of a polymicrobial predominantly anaerobic peritonitis in selected cases of ESP polarized conceptual thought into gonococcal and nongonoco...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00006250-198003001-00039
更新日期：1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent reports have advocated conservative management rather than hysterectomy for placenta increta and its related conditions, placenta accreta and percreta. We report an unusual case of placenta increta in which initial conservative therapy for a presumed placenta accreta failed and hysterectomy was perfor...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0029-7844(96)00121-4
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective, double blind study was initiated to compare flow cytometry to cytopathology in detecting malignant cells within peritoneal washings. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) histograms were generated using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) as a DNA fluorochrome. Evaluation of these data revealed a correlation of ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00006250-198605000-00014
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes an instrument to recover fertilized ova from the human uterus without anesthesia. Two hundred sixty-five lavages were performed on 20 normal and presumed fertile women and on seven infertile women. Using 60 mL of fluid, median fluid recovery was 97% (range 65-100%). In the fertile women, ova were...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocrine effects of induction of ovulation with menotropins were studied in 43 patients: 11 with hypothalamic amenorrhea and 32 with the polycystic ovary syndrome. Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome had higher base-line values of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), 17 beta-est...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In experiments performed in anesthetized monkeys in the third trimester of pregnancy, mean maternal arterial blood pressure was continuously monitored, the uterine artery blood flow was measured with an electromagnetic flow probe, and prostaglandin levels were assayed in the uterine venous effluent. After inhibition o...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between advanced maternal age and adverse pregnancy outcomes and to compare the risks related to advanced maternal age with those related to smoking and being overweight or obese. METHODS:A population-based register study including all nulliparous women aged 25 years and older ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000000062
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The systolic/end-diastolic ratio (S/D) and pulsatility and resistance indices were calculated before and after diagnostic cordocentesis in 46 fetuses, after 19 intravascular transfusions in eight fetuses, and on two occasions 45 minutes apart in eight controls. The fetus was paralyzed with pancuronium (0.3 mg/kg sonog...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cervical smears taken by the wooden Ayre spatula (widely used in the United Kingdom) and by a plastic spatula (Armovical) were compared for their ability to detect dysplastic cervical epithelium and endocervical cells. At the same time, the value of taking duplicate smears was assessed. Paired cervical smears were obt...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe the incidence of clinically detected laparoscopy-related subcutaneous tumor implantation in women with malignant disease who were treated by a gynecologic oncology service. METHODS:We reviewed all cases of primary or metastatic malignancy who underwent a transperitoneal laparoscopy. Open laparosc...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.AOG.0000114974.40512.c9
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two hundred thirty-three cases of endometrial carcinoma were analyzed for DNA content using flow cytometry of cell nuclei extracted from archival paraffin blocks. The median follow-up time for the cases was 8.7 years. Aneuploidy, present in 18% of tumors overall, was associated with adverse histologic type, high grade...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the effect of hormone therapy on risk of stress and urge urinary incontinence. METHODS:The Heart Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial to evaluate daily oral conjugated estrogen (0.625 mg) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (2.5 mg) therapy ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/01.AOG.0000180394.08406.15
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Time is an important variable in understanding the recent increase in twin deliveries in the United States. Therefore, this study was designed to estimate the influences of maternal age, period (year) of delivery, and maternal-birth-year cohort on trends in rates of twin deliveries. METHODS:United States nat...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.AOG.0000134524.58795.bd
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of routine electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) of labor with intermittent auscultation, using the results of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES:We identified RCTs by searching the MED-LINE data base for the period 1966-1994, contacting experts, and re...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish the indications for surgical intervention, at the appropriate gestational duration, for brain tumors in pregnant women, and to evaluate any association pregnancy hormones may have with the rate of growth or development of complications of brain tumors. METHODS:We observed seven women with brain ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(96)00381-x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
