Abstract：
:The renal proximal tubule actively transports charged, potentially toxic xenobiotics from blood to lumen. Basolateral uptake of organic anions is indirectly coupled to the sodium gradient through Na-dicarboxylate cotransport and dicarboxylate-organic anion exchange. Upon entry, a significant fraction of intracellular organic anion is sequestered within vesicles. Disruption of the cellular microtubular network can lead to both diminished vesicular movement and reduced transepithelial secretion. Luminal efflux of organic anions is energetically downhill, but carrier mediated. Both anion exchange and potential driven transport are present, but neither completely accounts for transport from cell to lumen. For organic cations, basolateral entry is downhill via potential driven facilitated diffusion. Intracellular sequestration of organic cations in vesicles is substantial, but its role in secretion is uncertain. Multiple carriers are available to drive organic cations uphill into the tubular lumen. The classical system indirectly taps the energy of the luminal Na gradient to drive organic cation efflux via Na(+)-H+ and proton-organic cation exchange. In addition, the multidrug resistance ATPase can pump organic cations into the tubular lumen. Thus, although much detailed information has been added over the last 50 years, it is not yet possible to provide a detailed, quantitative understanding of these important excretory systems.
journal_name
Kidney Intjournal_title
Kidney internationalauthors
Pritchard JB,Miller DSdoi
10.1038/ki.1996.240subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
1649-54issue
6eissn
0085-2538issn
1523-1755pii
S0085-2538(15)59534-3journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:The fibrinolytic system plays an important role in degrading fibrin-rich thrombi and in vascular and tissue remodeling. Elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) can reduce the efficiency of the endogenous fibrinolytic system. Angiotensin (Ang) has been shown to regulate PAI-1 expression v...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2000.00160.x
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the worldwide prevalence of end-stage renal disease increases it is important to evaluate the rate of living kidney donation in various countries; however there is no comprehensive global assessment of these rates. To measure this, we compiled data from representatives, renal registries, transplant networks, publis...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2009.20
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of dialysis costs in five major dialysis centers throughout the United States was conducted in 1973. When available, home, home training, limited care, satellite and in-hospital-full-care dialysis were included. The study's objective was to determine the cost per dialysis for each separate dialysis modality. A...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1976.31
更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fibroblasts in parenchymal organs potentially contribute extracellular matrix to local fibrogenic processes. This contribution, in some circumstances, may be initiated by cytokines disseminated from inflammatory lesions. Different populations of fibroblasts, however, might respond distinctively to this cytokine bath d...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1992.3
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Propofol has been shown to provide protection against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury experimentally, but clinical evidence is lacking. Here we studied the effect of propofol anesthesia on the occurrence of acute kidney injury following heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. One hundred and twelve patients who u...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/ki.2013.532
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this mini review, we would like to challenge the well-established 'fact' that lead exposure causes chronic renal failure (CRF). Even though only scarce evidence exists of the relationship between lead and renal failure, a World Health Organization Environmental Health Criteria document summarizes that 'Lead has bee...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/ki.2010.394
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute renal failure (ARF) has a high morbidity and mortality. Many therapies have worked in animals but were unsuccessful in clinical trials. The inability to diagnose ARF early may have impaired the success of these trials. METHOD:We screened a subtraction library to search for potential disease markers th...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00633.x
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycystic renal disease was induced in rats by feeding 2-amino-4,5-diphenylthiazole. Tubular (TBM) and glomerular basement membranes (GBM) were purified and analyzed for possible structural changes that may be a factor in the development of the tubular dilations and cysts. Changes in the relative quantities of TBM po...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1985.193
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Podocyte effacement and the reformation of foot processes and slit diaphragms can be induced within minutes experimentally. Therefore, it seems likely that the slit diaphragm proteins underlie orchestrated recycling mechanisms under the control of posttranslational modifiers. One of these modifiers, SUMO (small ubiqui...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2014.198
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry we describe the renal localization of the PDGF alpha-receptor. PDGF alpha-receptor mRNA was uniformly present in human metanephric kidney in interstitial cells and vascular arcades that course through the blastema. PDGF alpha-receptor mRNA was present in some mesangi...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1997.157
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis are pathologic hallmarks of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Here we have used DNA microarray technology to monitor the transcriptomic responses to murine unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) with a view to identifying molecular modulators of tubulointerstitial fi...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00306.x
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathological classifications in current use for the assessment of glomerular disease have been typically opinion-based and built on the expert assumptions of renal pathologists about lesions historically thought to be relevant to prognosis. Here we develop a unique approach for the pathological classification of a glo...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2009.168
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The treatment of hyperphosphatemia remains challenging in patients receiving hemodialysis. This Phase 1b study assessed safety and efficacy of EOS789, a novel pan-inhibitor of phosphate transport (NaPi-2b, PiT-1, PiT-2) on intestinal phosphate absorption in patients receiving intermittent hemodialysis therapy. Two cro...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.035
更新日期：2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Proteinase 3 is the major autoantigen in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Membrane PR3 expression is bimodal; low expressing cells (mPR3(low)) can be distinguished from cells with high expression (mPR3(high)) within a given individual. High mPR3 expression is a WG risk factor and is associated with relapse. Ho...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00640.x
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zhang et al. found that plasma concentrations of the thiamine antimetabolite oxythiamine are significantly increased in patients with end-stage renal disease. These investigators discuss the potential sources of oxythiamine and the consequences of its plasma elevation. This commentary addresses the significance of the...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2016.04.017
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anti-NDP has been detected in the sera of 38 of 430 patients on regular hemodialysis at the Regional Kidney Disease Program in Minneapolis. It developed in these patients from 7 to 58 months after commencement of dialysis. Bacterial infection appeared temporally related to the development of anti-NDP in 12 patients. H...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1976.133
更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enalapril effectively decreases hematocrits in patients with postrenal transplant erythrocytosis (PTE). We studied the effect of enalapril withdrawal on erythropoiesis in 18 patients with PTE who had been treated for 13 +/- 8 months. Hematocrit, reticulocyte count, plasma erythropoietin, and plasma insulin-like growth...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1994.411
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied acid-base balance in 32 patients attending the renal clinic of Mount Sinai Hospital. The parameters of acid-base balance measured included acid production measured as urinary sulfate and organic anions, net acid excretion measured as urinary ammonia plus titratable acid minus bicarbonate, and net GI ab...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1995.79
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In uremic patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT), nodular hyperplasia of parathyroid gland shows a monoclonal pattern of cell proliferation, in which a decreased density of vitamin D receptor (VDR) also is demonstrated. The present study aimed at elucidating the mechanism of parathyroid cell prol...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1523-1755.2002.kid585.x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ankyrin repeat and sterile α motif (SAM) domain-containing six gene (Anks6) is a candidate for polycystic kidney disease (PKD). Originally identified in the PKD/Mhm(cy/+) rat model of PKD, the disease is caused by a mutation (R823W) in the SAM domain of the encoded protein. Recent studies support the etiological r...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2015.122
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In rodents, mercuric chloride (HgCl2) causes an autoimmune disorder with glomerulonephritis (GN), and represents an animal model for the pathogenesis of GN. We have tested the hypothesis that HgCl2 induces major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression in renal parenchymal cells, and studied the kinetics of this in...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1991.33
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:US adults with metabolic syndrome, as defined by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria, have been shown to be at increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but there is limited information in other populations. The relationship between metabolic syndrome and CKD ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002128
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The selective vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist tolvaptan is eliminated almost exclusively by non-renal mechanisms. As renal impairment can influence the pharmacokinetics of drugs even when eliminated by non-renal mechanisms, we evaluated the effect of renal insufficiency on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of t...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.2013.350
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whole-genome microarrays identify large numbers of gene expression changes that appear specifically related to disease states such as antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) and systemic lupus erythematosus. Although understanding this enormous volume of esoteric data is difficult, a few basic concepts regardin...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ki.5002492
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) is a recently described member of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) family. It binds to heparan sulfate proteoglycans via a cationic domain and is a potent mitogen for epithelial cells, fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. In the present stud...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00846.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prevention of nephrolithiasis (NL) is now medically feasible and widely recommended. However, diagnosis and treatment of remediable causes of stones requires testing and drugs that impose a cost; this cost is balanced by the presumed reductions in stone related events and medical encounters. In order to assess the bal...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1996.489
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kidney is a likely source for some urinary epinephrine (E) since adrenalectomized animals and humans continue to excrete urinary E and the human kidney contains E synthesizing enzymes. We studied subjects during an intravenous infusion of 3H-E to determine the fraction of urinary E derived from the kidney. Eight n...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1997.40
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kidney is influenced by circadian rhythms and is entrained to the sleep-wake cycle allowing anticipation of the metabolic and physiological demands of the kidney throughout a 24-hour cycle. Although sleep disruption has been studied extensively in cardiovascular and metabolic disease, its association with chronic ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.kint.2015.12.048
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth failure is a cardinal feature of chronic renal failure in children. Administration of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) ameliorates this problem but may adversely affect the kidney and hasten the progression to end-stage renal disease. We conducted experiments to examine the impact of rhGH on the severity...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ki.1993.380
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypertriglyceridemia is a result of reduced triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein (TRL) catabolism and occurs in rats with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and in Nagase analbuminemic rats (NARs). While the heparin-releasable lipoprotein lipase (LpL) pool in NAR and in NS is similar, TG levels are significantly greater ...
journal_title：Kidney international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1523-1755.2001.00478.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
