Abstract：
CONTEXT:Within the continent of Africa few countries have been able to practice pathology at the levels present in Europe and the Americas, and pediatric pathology does not exist as a stand-alone specialty. The author was invited by a colleague from Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, to join a group of North American pathologists in presenting a course on the Contribution of Anatomic Pathology for advancing the health of women and children in Africa. The course was held in Ethiopia in June 2011, to review the current state of pediatric pathology in Africa and to provide resources/teaching for improving pediatric pathology services in low-resource settings. OBJECTIVE:To provide a succinct description of applicable autopsy techniques and the interpretation of gross, microscopic, and ancillary findings with respect to Africa's need to enhance the health of women and children. The author makes suggestions for obviating possible problems in anticipation of increased demands by national authorities and of public expectations of pathologists who usually have had only general training. DATA SOURCES:This article is based upon the author's personal experience of practicing pathology in Africa for the past 51 years, which has included visiting pathology laboratories in 9 African countries and interacting with colleagues in 18 additional African countries. The contents of this article are derived from personal observations, recent publications, and information gleaned from Internet sources. CONCLUSIONS:Even without specific training in pediatric pathology, it is possible for pediatric autopsies to be undertaken in Africa and other resource-poor settings, in a manner that facilitates sound decision making for improving the health of women and children.
journal_name
Arch Pathol Lab Medjournal_title
Archives of pathology & laboratory medicineauthors
Kaschula ROdoi
10.5858/arpa.2011-0589-RAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-01 00:00:00pages
756-66issue
6eissn
0003-9985issn
1543-2165journal_volume
137pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Human Genetics offer a proficiency testing program in clinical cytogenetics. Two hundred twenty-five laboratories now provide data for this survey, which was begun in 1986. Challenges have consisted of photographed metaphases, fixed lymphoblastoid cell s...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the ability of the Vitek GPS-TB card with disk diffusion testing for determining the susceptibility of enterococci to vancomycin. DESIGN:Vitek susceptibility testing was performed using the GPS-TB card and software version R05.03. Disk diffusion susceptibility testing was performed according to Na...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(1999)123<0622:COTVGT>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using specific antibodies and the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique, we were able to demonstrate a variety of fungal organisms in smears and sections of formaldehyde-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue. The procedure is simple, fast, and accurate and may be used as an alternative to, or in conjunction with, cultural met...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ovulation induction protocols for oocyte retrieval have evolved from clomiphene citrate/human menopausal gonadotropins (menotropins) to human menopausal gonadotropins alone and, finally, to a combination of human menopausal gonadotropins and an agonist of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH-a). The almost abandonment...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The immunophenotypic profile of basophils is not yet fully established, and the immunophenotypic changes in chronic myelogenous leukemia are not fully characterized. OBJECTIVE:To establish a comprehensive immunophenotypic spectrum of normal basophils and to assess the range of immunophenotypic aberrations of b...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/1543-2165(2008)132[813:ISOBBM]2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Myofibroblastic proliferations of the urinary bladder, which share some similarities with nodular fasciitis, were first reported in 1980. Since then, they have had several designations, the most frequently used being inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Based on both histopathologic and prognostic grounds, some ...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.5858/arpa.2012-0326-RA
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT.—:The College of American Pathologists guidelines recommend testing additional tumor foci in multifocal invasive breast carcinomas for the biomarkers estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, and HER2 only if the carcinomas show different morphologies or grades. OBJECTIVE.—:To assess clinical significance...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5858/arpa.2017-0494-OA
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome has wrought changes that have affected not only medicine and science, but many aspects of our social and political structures. In 1983 when it clearly became evident that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome could be transmitted by transfusions of blood components ...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Identification of patients is one of the first steps in ensuring the accuracy of laboratory results. In the United States, hospitalized patients wear wristbands to aid in their identification, but wristbands errors are frequently found. OBJECTIVE:To investigate if continuous monitoring of wristband errors by p...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2002)126<0809:CWMOYD>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of cancer and death in laypeoples' thinking has resulted in discussions of cancer diagnoses often being held sub rosa. Open acceptance of a diagnosis of cancer cannot only help to dispel associated fears but also can serve to educate other persons to recognize that cancers can be cured. Open discussion...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the value of receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs) as a tool for improvement in the evaluation of cervicovaginal smear results. DESIGN:We reviewed the results of cervicovaginal smear interpretation for 1 year by 10 different cytopathologists working in the same laboratory (total number o...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolution of proteinuria in rabbits with experimentally induced chronic serum sickness was followed up longitudinally by analytical and quantitative assays. The results suggest that sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is a more sensitive index of kidney malfunction than are total-p...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To present recent advances in the use of molecular markers in diagnosis, in prognosis, in early detection, in novel therapies, and in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of colorectal neoplasia. DATA AND LITERATURE SOURCES:A review of studies of molecular markers in colorectal neoplasia, published in En...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2001)125<0091:MCOCNI>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We identified large histiocytes as a prominent feature in the choroid of eyes obtained at autopsy in seven of nine patients who died of leukemia. The eyes of four of the seven patients affected had leukemic choroidal infiltrates, and a majority had similar-appearing histiocytes identified in spleen or bone marrow. The...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a unique case of simultaneous signet-ring histiocytes containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (mucicarminophilic histiocytosis) and hyperplastic mesothelial cells within a single supraclavicular lymph node. Both types of cells expanded the nodal sinuses and were initially suspected of being metastatic carcinoma. H...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Autopsy continues to provide important data for quality assurance, teaching, scientific purposes, and health planning, especially if performed according to a comprehensive protocol. OBJECTIVE:To describe and analyze data from all perinatal and pediatric autopsies performed at a university hospital in Brazil. ...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/1543-2165(2006)130[62:ROPAPA]2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The laboratory test turnaround times (TATs) that exceed the expectations of clinicians who order those tests, the so-called outlier test reporting rates, may be responsible for perceptions of inadequate laboratory service. OBJECTIVE:To monitor outlier test reporting rates for emergency department stat potassiu...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/1543-2165(2004)128<621:CMOSAR>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 25-year-old woman, multigravida, presented with a dark ulcerated tumor of the clitoris. Histologic examination demonstrated an angiokeratoma, a benign telangiectatic vascular tumor. To our knowledge, this is the first report of angiokeratoma of the clitoris and only the fifth describing vascular tumor of this organ....
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Systems-based practice (SBP) is 1 of 6 core competencies required in all resident training programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Reliable methods of assessing resident competency in SBP have not been described in the medical literature. OBJECTIVE:To develop and valida...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5858/arpa.2013-0046-OA
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The performance of participants on the 1990 Comprehensive Blood Bank Surveys of the College of American Pathologists was consistent with the high quality of past surveys. The surveys include challenges in ABO and Rh typing, crossmatching, transfusion decisions, unexpected antibody detection and identification, and sup...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Hemolyzed specimens delay clinical laboratory results, proliferate unnecessary testing, complicate physician decisions, injure patients indirectly, and increase health care costs. OBJECTIVE:To determine quality improvement practices when hemolysis occurs. DESIGN:We used the College of American Pathologists (C...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5858/arpa.2014-0252-CP
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Context.-We investigated expression of the adhesion molecule CD31 in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) because (1) SHML and LCH cells express a variety of cellular adhesion molecules and (2) SHML has been characterized as a reactive histiocytic proliferatio...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2003)127<0341:SHWMLA>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report describes a case of acute myeloid leukemia (subtype M1) with biphasic morphology. The bone marrow biopsy showed 2 distinct regions of blasts, one containing large cells and the other small cells. Morphometric and DNA ploidy analysis showed that the mean nuclear area and mean DNA index for the large cell re...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/1543-2165(2004)128<448:BAMLWN>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The differentiation between iron deficiency and a thalassemia syndrome is an important consideration in the investigation of microcytic anemia. OBJECTIVE:An established statistical method was used to demonstrate the importance of considering ethnic background in combination with mean cell volume (MCV) in the i...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2000)124<1320:AATAIT>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To establish the rates with which reference laboratories resolve inquiries telephoned to them from primary laboratories and to identify reference laboratory practices associated with higher rates of inquiry resolution. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS:For 2 months, or until 50 contacts had occurred, 545 primary labo...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1043/0003-9985(2001)125<0608:RLTSQ>2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatoid carcinoma of the ovary (HCO) is a rare malignant tumor of uncertain histogenesis that was first described by Ishikura and Scully in the late 1980s. Unlike hepatoid yolk sac tumor (HYST), one of its main differential diagnoses, HCO usually presents in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women without gonadal dys...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.5858/arpa.2017-0485-RS
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of tracheal neurilemoma that was removed by segmental tracheal resection was studied. Only seven other cases of benign neurogenic tracheal tumor (three neurofibromas and four neurilemomas) were found in the literature. Failure to consider this rare tracheal tumor as a cause of respiratory distress has frequentl...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leydig cell tumor (LCT) is a rare tumor of the male testicular interstitium. This article provides an overview of the major pathologic manifestations of LCT of the testis; patient characteristics; clinical, radiologic, and laboratory features; prognosis; and management. LCTs of the testis are frequently hormonally act...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1043/1543-2165(2007)131[311:AILALC]2.0.CO;2
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An endobronchial papillary tumor in a 75-year-old reformed cigarette smoker exhibited the light microscopic features of a transitional cell neoplasm. The constituent cells showed cytologic features of malignancy; in addition, there were microfoci of mucosal invasion. Electron microscopy showed tonofilaments and numero...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The role of pathologists' assistants (PAs) in terms of surgical and autopsy prosection has been well established; however, the role of PAs in areas beyond surgical and autopsy pathology, such as laboratory administration and management, education, and research, is not so well understood. OBJECTIVE:To determine...
journal_title：Archives of pathology & laboratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.5858/arpa.2011-0629-OA
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
