Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen associated with higher mortality, longer hospital stays, and increased costs. CRKP was thought to be sporadic in Los Angeles County (LAC); however, the actual incidence is unknown. To address this, LAC declared CRKP a laboratory-reportable disease on June 1, 2010. DESIGN:Laboratory-based community-wide surveillance. PATIENTS:Any individual who was identified as CRKP positive. CRKP was defined as a K. pneumoniae isolate resistant to all carbapenems by 2010 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute criteria. METHODS:Laboratory directors of 102 LAC acute care hospitals (ACHs) and 5 reference laboratories were to submit susceptibility testing results for all CRKP-positive specimens. Positive specimens from the same patient within the same calendar month of previous culture were excluded. RESULTS:A total of 814 reports were received from June 1, 2010, through May 31, 2011, from 69 laboratories; 675 (83%) met the case definition. Cases were reported from ACHs (387 [57%]), long-term ACHs (LTACs; 231 [34%]), and skilled nursing facilities (57 [8%]); an outbreak in 1 LTAC was identified. The pooled mean incidence rate in LAC ACHs and LTACs was 0.46 per 1,000 patient-days; the rate in LTACs (2.54 per 1,000 patient-days) was higher than that in ACHs (0.31 per 1,000 patient-days; P < .001). Sixty-five individuals had multiple incidences, accounting for 147 case reports. CONCLUSION:CRKP is more present in LAC than suspected. Rates were consistently higher in LTACs than in ACHs. Heightened awareness of this problem is needed in all LAC healthcare facilities, as patients access services along the continuum of care.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Marquez P,Terashita D,Dassey D,Mascola Ldoi
10.1086/669087subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
144-50issue
2eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:States, including Illinois, have passed legislation mandating the use of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes for reporting healthcare-associated infections, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the sens...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651665
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of invasive Mycobacterium chimaera infections associated with heater-cooler devices (HCDs) has now affected patients in several countries on different continents. Clinical infections are characterized by delayed diagnosis, inadequate treatment response to antimicrobial agents, and poor prognosis. Outbreak ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.283
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implementing evidence‐based infection prevention practices is challenging. Implementation science, which is the study of methods promoting the uptake of evidence into practice, addresses the gap between theory and practice. Just as healthcare epidemiology has emerged as a paradigm for patient safety, infection ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/655991
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the ability of a protective isolation room ventilation system to reduce patient exposure to airborne infectious agents, using a small-scale model that permits cost-effective and unobtrusive study of relevant indices of performance. DESIGN:A one-half scale model of a protective isolation room at the...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647181
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standardizing healthcare surface sampling requires the evaluation of sampling tools for organism adherence. Here, 7 sampling tools were evaluated to assess their elution efficiencies in the presence of 5 pathogens. Foam sponges (80.6%), microfiber wipes (80.5%), foam swabs (77.9%), and cellulose sponges (66.5%) yielde...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2019.264
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The geriatric population represents the largest reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in developed nations, including the United States. Tuberculosis (TB) case rates in the United States are highest for this age group compared with other age categories. The subtle clinical manifestations of TB in the elder...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501816
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the secular trends of candidemia in a large tertiary-care hospital to determine the overall incidence, as well as the incidence by ward and by species, and to detect the occurrence of outbreaks. DESIGN:Retrospective descriptive analysis. Secular trends were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel tes...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502582
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine hundred seventy-two cultures taken from the external nares and the vaginal vestibules of 54 women for the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus were studied. The swabs were plated directly to a trypticase soy agar plate containing 5% sheep blood and were then placed into a selective staphylococcal broth. Both cultur...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/645834
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the molecular epidemiology of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) colonization and to identify modifiable risk factors among patients with hematologic malignancies. SETTING:A hematology-oncology unit with high prevalence of VRE colonization. PARTICIPANTS:Patients with hematologic malignancies a...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/659408
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Surgical site infections (SSIs) are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality. Preadmission skin antisepsis, while controversial, has gained acceptance as a strategy for reducing the risk of SSI. In this study, we analyze the benefit of an electronic alert system for enhancing compliance to preadmis...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.303
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the safety and cost-effectiveness of replacing the intravenous (IV) tubing sets in hospitalized patients at 4- to 7-day intervals instead of every 72 hours. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized study of infusion-related contamination associated with changing IV tubing sets within 3 days versus within ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1086/501879
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report the results of a 2-year, 7-center program of surveillance of deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) after cardiac surgery. DSWI was defined as the need for reoperation. Stratification data were abstracted from computerized files. The incidence of DSWI was 2.2% (198 of 8,816 cardiac surgery procedures). The risk...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/509853
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Skin preparation is an important factor in reducing the rate of blood culture contamination. We assessed blood culture contamination rates associated with the use of skin antisepsis kits containing either 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine gluconate or 2% alcoholic tincture of iodine. DESIGN:Prospective, blinded cli...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1086/502073
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the extent to which evidence-based practices for the prevention of central venous catheter (CVC)-associated bloodstream infections are incorporated into the policies and practices of academic intensive care units (ICUs) in the United States and to determine variations in the policies on CVC inser...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/499151
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the prevalence of and risk factors for colonization with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-EB) in the long-term care facility (LTCF) setting. Colonization prevalence differed significantly across the 3 LTCFs evaluated in the study, with recent use of levofloxacin and fecal in...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/664055
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bloodstream infections (BSIs) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE:To determine the hospital costs and length of stay attributable to VRE BSI and vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus (VSE) BSI and the independent effect of vancomycin resistanc...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/649020
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the epidemiology of Yersinia enterocolitica infections in hospitalized patients and to determine the frequency of hospital-acquired infection and the modes of transmission within the hospital. DESIGN:Descriptive study in which the clinical microbiology laboratory reported all positive Yersinia cultu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646496
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the time-dependent exposure of California healthcare facilities to patients harboring methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Clostridium difficile infec...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.181
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the 1984-1985 influenza season, outbreaks of influenza A (H3N2) occurred in three Connecticut nursing homes. Influenza vaccination rates were 67% (96 out of 144), 35% (30 out of 85) and 69% (332 out of 483), respectively. The relative risk of illness for vaccinated compared to unvaccinated residents was 1.8 (95...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646214
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We aimed to rigorously evaluate the impact of prospective audit and feedback on broad-spectrum antimicrobial use among critical care patients. DESIGN:Prospective, controlled interrupted time series. SETTING:Single tertiary care center with 3 intensive care units. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS:A formal review ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/664757
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of changes to urine testing orderables in computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system on urine culturing practices. DESIGN:Retrospective before-and-after study. SETTING:A 1,250-bed academic tertiary-care referral center. PATIENTS:Hospitalized adults who had ≥1 urine culture perf...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.356
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::More than 90% of Thai hospitals surveyed reported implementing environmental cleaning and disinfection (ECD) protocols. Hospital epidemiologist presence was associated with the existence of an ECD checklist (P=.01) and of ECD auditing (P=.001), while good and excellent hospital administrative support were associated w...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.171
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. (APIC) is a multidisciplinary voluntary international organization with over 10,000 members. Its purpose is to influence, support, and improve the quality of healthcare through the practice and management of infection control and the applica...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647172
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review the current recommendations for immunoprophylaxis and chemoprophylaxis of infection in adults, including those who are at increased risk from occupation, lifestyle, travel, or pre-existing medical conditions. DESIGN:Review of the pertinent literature. SETTING:Adult ambulatory care. CONCLUSIONS:Gu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/646526
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare patient outcomes when percutaneous feeding tubes were changed routinely each month or only when necessary (prn). DESIGN:Prospective, randomized, nonblinded crossover study of 6 months of routine monthly changes compared with 6 months of prn changes. SETTING:416-bed long-term-care facility. PATIE...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1086/647218
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective study, cultures were obtained of all intravascular catheters removed from children in an intensive care unit. Of 366 catheters removed from 217 children, 110 (30%) were found to be colonized, most commonly with coagulase-negative staphylococci. Despite the high rate of colonization, there were only ni...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647625
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the ability of a medical waste disposal process using chlorine dioxide to inactivate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). DESIGN:Stock HIV-1 (HTLV-IIIB strain) was treated with chlorine dioxide under the following settings: cell culture medium alone, culture medium with 25% blood, culture me...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646798
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in a cohort of nurses new to a London hospital was 7.6% (13 of 171), using an interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) release assay, and 16.2% (24 of 148), using the tuberculin skin test. On multivariate analysis, birth in a country with tuberculosis prevalence of more than 40 case...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/597546
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify environmentally safe, rapidly acting agents for killing spores of Clostridium difficile in the hospital environment. DESIGN:Three classic disinfectants (2% glutaraldehyde, 1.6% peracetyl ions, and 70% isopropanol) and acidified nitrite were compared for activity against C. difficile spores. Four ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502129
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To define how often methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is spread from resident to resident in long-term care facilities using whole-genome sequencing DESIGN Prospective cohort study SETTING A long-term care facility PARTICIPANTS Elderly residents in a long-term care facility METHODS Cultures ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.41
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00