Abstract:
:BACKGROUND Post-communist health care reforms and the break-up of Czechoslovakia have been studied from various perspectives, but little research has addressed the impact on health system performance. This paper investigates the quality and performance of the Slovak and Czech health systems before and after 1989, including the year of separation in 1993, using the concept of 'avoidable' mortality. METHODS Age-standardized mortality rates for mortality from 'avoidable' and other (non-avoidable) causes have been calculated through indirect standardization to study national and regional trends between 1971 and 2008. RESULTS The paper shows that 'avoidable' mortality in both countries has been continuously decreasing while mortality from other causes has remained unchanged or increased slightly. For some 'avoidable' conditions, mortality rates of the two countries converge while for others divergence can be observed, with either the Czech Republic or Slovakia performing better. CONCLUSION Declines in overall 'avoidable' mortality suggest improvements in the health system's performance and quality of care in both countries, compared with mortality from other causes where factors outside the control of the health care system may be stronger determinants. For conditions where 'avoidable' mortality rates stagnate or increase, more in-depth research should be carried out to identify problems in the delivery of timely and effective prevention and treatment, and to establish steps that would reduce the numbers of unnecessary deaths.
journal_name
Health Policy Planjournal_title
Health policy and planningauthors
Kossarova L,Holland W,Mossialos Edoi
10.1093/heapol/czs093subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-08-01 00:00:00pages
508-25issue
5eissn
0268-1080issn
1460-2237pii
czs093journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Low renewal rate is a key challenge facing the sustainability of community-based health insurance (CBHI) schemes. While there is a large literature on initial enrolment into such schemes, there is limited evidence on the factors that impede renewal. This article uses longitudinal data to analyse what determines renewa...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czw090
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper explores the nature and type of policy transfer promoted by global health partnerships to facilitate access to medication in Cameroon and the associated implementation challenges. Using concepts from policy transfer, multi-level governance and the politics of scale, the paper conceptualizes the social space...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czq018
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Chile, workers are mandated to choose either public or private health insurance coverage. Although private insurance premiums depend on health risk, public insurance premiums are solely linked to income. This structure implies that individuals with higher health risks may tend to avoid private insurance, leaving th...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czt017
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent efforts to prevent post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) in low-income countries have focused on providing women with access to oral misoprostol during home birth. The WHO recommends using lay health workers (LHWs) to administer misoprostol in settings where skilled birth attendants are not available. This review synth...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv012
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As in many developing countries, lack of reliable data and grossly inadequate appreciation and use of available information in planning and management of health services were two main weaknesses of the health information systems in Malawi. Malawi began strengthening its health management information system with an ana...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czi044
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Afghanistan has one of the highest rates of maternal mortality in the world. We assess the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of strategies to improve the safety of pregnancy and childbirth in Afghanistan. METHODS:Using national and sub-national data, we adapted a previously validated model that simulat...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czs026
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like many other developing countries, Burkina Faso has been exploring how community resources can be tapped to co-finance health services. Although revenue generation is important for the viability of health services, effects on utilization and on equity of access to health care must also be considered. The authors pr...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/9.2.185
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Informal payments for health care are a well-known phenomenon in many health care systems around the world. While informal payments could be an important source of health care financing, they have an adverse impact on efficiency and access to care, and are a major impediment to ongoing health care reforms. This paper ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czw147
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The burden of diarrhoeal disease remains high in the developing world. Community-based safe drinking water programmes are being promoted as cost-effective interventions that will help reduce this illness burden. However, the effectiveness of these programmes remains under-investigated. The primary argument of this pap...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czn017
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Integrating mental health with general medical care can increase access to mental health services, but requires helping generalists acquire a range of unfamiliar knowledge and master potentially complex diagnostic and treatment processes. METHOD:We describe a model for integrating complex specialty care wit...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czu058
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 1993 World Development Report is proving to be an influential document for the development of the health sector policies in developing countries. One important aspect of the Report concerns its proposals for Disability Adjusted Life Years as a measure of health change and hence effectiveness of interventions. This...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/11.2.179
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely accepted that substantial reductions in maternal mortality and severe morbidity are impossible to achieve without an effective referral system for complicated cases. Early detection and referral to higher levels of care might also substantially reduce neonatal deaths due to the complications of childbirth...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/16.4.353
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The private sector plays a major role in the delivery of health care in South Africa. Over the past two decades, the quality and equity of such provision has been questioned internationally. A study was conducted in Gauteng Province to explore these issues, using care for sexually transmitted disease (STD) as a case s...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/17.suppl_1.40
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is understood about the feasibility and acceptability of primary care-based models of task-sharing care for people with severe mental disorders (SMDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). A participatory planning approach was adopted in preparation for the transition from hospital-delivered psychiatric ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv072
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advocacy, policy, research and intervention efforts against childhood pneumonia have lagged behind other health issues, including malaria, measles and tuberculosis. Accelerating progress on the issue began in 2008, following decades of efforts by individuals and organizations to address the leading cause of childhood ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czv070
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the millions of Community Health Workers (CHWs) serving their communities across the world, there are approximately twice as many female CHWs as there are male. Hiring women has in many cases become an ethical expectation, in part because working as a CHW is often seen as empowering the CHW herself to enact positiv...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czz025
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caesarean section rates have been increasing worldwide, raising the question of the appropriateness of the selection of cases for the procedure. This paper examines the levels and correlates of delivery-related complications and caesarean section deliveries in 18 selected states of India in terms of specific maternal ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/17.1.90
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public sector price analyses of antiretroviral (ARV) medicines can provide relevant information to detect ARV procurement procedures that do not obtain competitive market prices. Price benchmarks provide a useful tool for programme managers and policy makers to support such planning and policy measures. The aim of the...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czs011
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing evidence suggests that early life investments in health are associated with improved human capital and economic outcomes. Various recent global studies have simulated the expected economic returns from alternative packages of interventions in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH). However, v...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czw078
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the context of nurse migration, experts view trade agreements as either vehicles for facilitating migration or as contributing to brain-drain phenomena. Using a case study design, this study explored the effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on the development of Mexican nursing. Drawing result...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czq024
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The redistributive effects of a social insurance programme are determined by how the programme is paid for-who pays and how much do they pay?-and how the benefits are distributed. As a result, the redistributive effects of a social health insurance programme should be evaluated on the basis of its net benefit-the diff...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czl037
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been increased interest in and experimentation with demand-side mechanisms such as the use of vouchers that place purchasing power in the hands of targeted consumers to improve the uptake of healthcare services in low-income settings. A key measure of the success of such interventions is the extent to which ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czt079
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increasingly, low- and middle-income countries are looking to community-based health insurance (CBHI) as a means of ensuring access to health care for the poor. However, little evidence exists about the determining factors that affect poor individuals' insurance decisions. This article reviews the economic and social ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czh050
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since 2001 substantial resources have been allocated to the reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health sector (RMNCH) in Pakistan. Many new programmes have been started and coverage of some existing programmes has been extended to un-served and rural areas. Despite these efforts the Millennium Development Goals ...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czx021
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Financial protection should be the principal objective of any health system. Commonly used indicators for financial protection are out-of-pocket (OOP) payments as a share of total health expenditure and the amount of households driven into poverty by catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs). In the last decade, OOP hea...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czt002
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Coverage of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) in sub-Saharan Africa is still low despite their proven efficacy, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Delivery systems for ITNs have been hotly debated, but there has been no structured approach to assessing their relative effectiveness. This paper aims to: pro...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/heapol/czm021
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subsequent to recommendations from the 1994 United Nations International Conference on Population and Development, and given recent findings outlining the links between control of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and a reduction in HIV incidence, many countries are now seeking to establish STI control programmes...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/13.2.121
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although logic models are now touted as an important component of health promotion planning, implementation and evaluation, there are few published manuscripts that describe the process of logic model development, and fewer which do so with community involvement, despite the increasing emphasis on participatory resear...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czr001
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well known that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a growing cause of mortality and morbidity in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). While hypertension (HTN), a leading risk factor for CVD, can be easily managed with widely available medicines, there is a huge gap in treatment for HTN in many LMIC. One such c...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czw080
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::'One World, One Health' has become a key rallying theme for the integration of public health and animal health priorities, particularly in the governance of pandemic-scale zoonotic infectious disease threats. However, the policy challenges of integrating public health and animal health priorities in the context of tra...
journal_title:Health policy and planning
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/heapol/czu001
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00