Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Estimate the health risks and benefits of mode shifts from car to cycling and public transport in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, Spain. METHODS:We conducted a health impact assessment (HIA), creating 8 different scenarios on the replacement of short and long car trips, by public transport or/and bike. The primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality and change in life expectancy related to two different assessments: A) the exposure of travellers to physical activity, air pollution to particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), and road traffic fatality; and B) the exposure of general population to PM2.5, modelling by Barcelona Air-Dispersion Model. The secondary outcome was a change in emissions of carbon dioxide. RESULTS:The annual health impact of a shift of 40% of the car trips, starting and ending in Barcelona City, to cycling (n=141,690) would be for the travellers who shift modes 1.15 additional deaths from air pollution, 0.17 additional deaths from road traffic fatality and 67.46 deaths avoided from physical activity resulting in a total of 66.12 deaths avoided. Fewer deaths would be avoided annually if half of the replaced trips were shifted to public transport (43.76 deaths). The annual health impact in the Barcelona City general population (n=1,630,494) of the 40% reduction in car trips would be 10.03 deaths avoided due to the reduction of 0.64% in exposure to PM2.5. The deaths (including travellers and general population) avoided in Barcelona City therefore would be 76.15 annually. Further health benefits would be obtained with a shift of 40% of the car trips from the Greater Barcelona Metropolitan which either start or end in Barcelona City to public transport (40.15 deaths avoided) or public transport and cycling (98.50 deaths avoided).The carbon dioxide reduction for shifting from car to other modes of transport (bike and public transport) in Barcelona metropolitan area was estimated to be 203,251t/CO₂ emissions per year. CONCLUSIONS:Interventions to reduce car use and increase cycling and the use of public transport in metropolitan areas, like Barcelona, can produce health benefits for travellers and for the general population of the city. Also these interventions help to reduce green house gas emissions.
journal_name
Environ Intjournal_title
Environment internationalauthors
Rojas-Rueda D,de Nazelle A,Teixidó O,Nieuwenhuijsen MJdoi
10.1016/j.envint.2012.08.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-11-15 00:00:00pages
100-9eissn
0160-4120issn
1873-6750pii
S0160-4120(12)00183-3journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing a joint methodology for estimating the national and global work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO joint methodology), with contributions from a large network of experts. In this paper, we present th...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.011
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mobile phone use has been increasing rapidly in the past decades and, in parallel, so has the annual incidence of certain types of brain cancers. However, it remains unclear whether this correlation is coincidental or whether use of mobile phones may cause the development, promotion or progression of specifi...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2016.10.019
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The problem of arsenic pollution of groundwater used for domestic water supplies is now well recognised in Bangladesh, India and some other countries of South and South-east Asia. However, it has recently become apparent that arsenic-polluted water used for irrigation is adding sufficient arsenic to soils and rice to ...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2008.10.004
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the operation of the RO system, it's significant to predict the flux change over time. Previous research conducted detailed exploration on the dynamics of RO membrane fouling, and provided a solid database for modelling. In this study, a modified intermediate blocking model with two parameters was proposed to d...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105744
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::From 1975 to 2004, a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) was operating in Montcada (Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain). Because of the potential health risks derived from emission of pollutants by the facility, especially polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), a long-term monitoring progra...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2005.09.002
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global concern, especially in India where the burden of infectious diseases is high and health care spending is low. Here we quantified total coliform, faecal coliforms (FC), carbapenem-resistant enteric bacteria (CRE), blaNDM-1, and three integron genes in samples collected f...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.07.004
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activated persulfate (PS) oxidation is promising for contaminant removal but a lack of controllable activation can lead to a loss of reagents and thus low contamination degradation. Herein, we have proposed and investigated an innovative method to control PS activation by introducing ion exchange membrane into electro...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105024
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lakes are one of the natural reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environments. Long retention times in lakes potentially allow ARGs to persist and may create increased opportunities for the emergence of resistant pathogens. In this study, we investigated the prevalence, source and dissemination risk of...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.048
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of human activities with 3-year monitoring on the fluctuation of nutrients along the Pinios River and its tributaries were studied. Their seasonal variations throughout the years 1996-1998 were also presented. High temperatures, from June to August, cause a restriction of the water flow, an enhancement of n...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0160-4120(03)00153-3
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1998 and 1999, the concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were determined in soil and herbage samples collected in the vicinity of an old municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) (S. Adrià del Besòs, Barcelona, Spain). Just after the 1999 collection, an adaptation to the EU ...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0160-4120(01)00129-5
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between estimated whole-brain and lobe-specific radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) doses, using an improved integrated RF-EMF exposure model, and brain volumes in preadolescents at 9-12 years old. METHODS:Cross-sectional analysis in preadolescents aged 9-12 years from th...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105808
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Detailed polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) signatures and chiral Enantiomer Fractions (EFs) of CB-95, CB-136 and CB-149 were measured for 30 workers at a transformer dismantling plant. This was undertaken to identify sources of exposure and investigate changes to the PCB signature and EFs over different exposure periods....
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.04.006
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sediment cores were taken from six sites across the UK. Apart from Banbury Reservoir in London, all the other sites are relatively remote lakes. Trace elements Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Ni, Sn, As and V, major elements such as Fe, Mn, Ti and Al were analysed, and organic content measured as loss-on-ignition was determined i...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2004.06.010
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evidence that exposure to ambient ozone (O3) causes acute cardiovascular effects appears inconsistent. A repeated-measure study with 61 healthy young volunteers was conducted in Xinxiang, Central China. Real-time concentrations of O3 were monitored. Cardiovascular outcomes including blood pressure (BP), heart rate...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105579
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic (As) is mobilized from delta and floodplain aquifer sediments throughout S.E. Asia via reductive dissolution of As bound to iron (Fe) oxyhydroxides. The reductive driving force is organic carbon, but its source and constitution is uncertain. Here batch incubation experiments were conducted to investigate the r...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2008.07.024
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Major food contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are proposed to play a role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD), but to date the impact of PCBs on cardiovascular health need to be explored. METHODS AND RESULTS:We assessed the association between validated food frequency question...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2015.11.020
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wide range of organic pollutants (OPs) are emitted from the road and traffic environment and transported with road runoff to receiving waters. To provide an understanding of the transport routes of OPs in the environment, an investigation was carried out with the aim to determine whether OPs are transported with nan...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105140
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Veterinary and human pharmaceuticals have been widely used in the developed world, thus increasing their accumulation in the environment and thereby posing ecological risks. Earlier studies report that active pharmaceutical ingredients induce hormesis in plants, i.e. at low doses may enhance plant health whereas at hi...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.08.035
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aquatic, amphibious, and terrestrial organisms in or around a pond that was contaminated by e-waste were collected and persistent halogenated organic pollutants (HOPs) for these species were analyzed. Based on the stable isotope and dietary composition, the aquatic and terrestrial food webs and several insect-dominate...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105674
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the risk of long-term exposure to source-specific airborne pollutants on incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. OBJECTIVES:We aimed to estimate the effect of long-term exposure to source-specific air pollution and particulate matter (PM) components on incidence of ...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105854
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread presence of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) in human general populations and their slow elimination profiles have led to renewed interest in understanding the potential human neonatal exposures of perfluoroalkyls (PFAs) from consumption of...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.08.014
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury (MeHg) poses health risks to humans worldwide. The investigation of a longer chain of biogeochemical MeHg transport from production to consumption than that addressed in previous studies could provide additional scientific foundation for the reduction of risks. The main objective of this study is to iden...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.105392
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUNDS:Evidence on the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is scarce in developing countries. Moreover, few studies assessed the role of the PM1 (≤1.0 μm) size fraction and CVD. We investigated the associations betw...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.012
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to some environmental chemicals is ubiquitous and linked to a variety of adverse outcomes, including children's health. While few studies have assessed the contribution of both male and female exposures to children's health, understanding the patterns of couple's exposure is needed to understand the...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.078
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::For researches on toxic chemicals in settled indoor dust, selection of dust fraction is a critical influencing factor to the accuracy of human exposure risk assessment results. However, analysis of the selection of dust fraction in recent studies revealed that there is no consensus. This study classified and presented...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2012.08.010
更新日期:2012-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and the organochlorine compounds polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDTs, HCB, chlordane-related pesticides, HCH and toxaphene were analysed in blubber of juvenile ringed seals from Central West Greenland collected between 1982 and 2006. The longest time series could be establishe...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2007.11.004
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolated from petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil was examined for its ability to utilize a variety of hydrocarbon substrates. Surface tension measurements indicated the production of biosurfactant during the microbial degradation of hydrocarbon. The organism utilized both shor...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0160-4120(01)00021-6
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA) is commonly manufactured to make polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins for use in consumer products and packaged goods. BPA has been found in several different types of environmental media (e.g., food, dust, and air). Many cross-sectional studies have frequently detected BPA concentrations in adult...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2017.12.014
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasonic humidifiers provide indoor relief to symptoms caused by dry air and produce aerosols containing both water and minerals that are present in the water that fills the humidifier. This study investigated the spatial distributions, concentrations, and metal and mineral composition of aerosols emitted when an ul...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2020.105902
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food chain models are essential tools to assess risks of soil contamination in view of product quality including fodder crops and animal products. Here we link soil to plant transfer (SPT) models for potentially toxic elements (PTEs) including As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, U and Zn with models describing accumul...
journal_title:Environment international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.envint.2011.09.005
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00