Abstract:
:Habitat fragmentation often arises from human-induced alterations to the matrix that reduce or eliminate dispersal between habitat patches. Elimination of dispersal increases local extinction and decreases recolonization. These phenomena were observed in the eastern collared lizard (Crotaphytus collaris collaris), which lives in the mid-continental highland region of the Ozarks (Missouri, USA) on glades: habitats of exposed bedrock that form desert-like habitats imbedded in a woodland matrix. With the onset of woodland fire suppression, glade habitats degenerated and the woodland matrix was altered to create a strong barrier to dispersal. By 1980, lizard populations in the Ozarks were rapidly going extinct. In response to this decline, some glades were restored by clearing and burning. Starting in 1984, collared lizard populations were translocated onto these restored habitats. The translocated populations persisted but did not colonize nearby glades or disperse among one another. In 1994 prescribed woodland fires were initiated, which unleashed much dispersal and colonizing behavior. Dispersal was highly nonrandom by both intrinsic variables (age, gender) and extrinsic variables (overall demography, glade population sizes, glade areas, landscape features), resulting in different classes of lizards being dominant in creating demographic cohesiveness among glades, colonizing new glades on a mountain, and colonizing new mountain systems. A dramatic transition was documented from isolated fragments, to a nonequilibrium colonizing metapopulation, and finally to a stable metapopulation. This transition is characterized by the convergence of rates of extinction and recolonization and a major alteration of dispersal probabilities and pattern in going from the nonequilibrium to stable metapopulation states.
journal_name
Ecologyjournal_title
Ecologyauthors
Templeton AR,Brazeal H,Neuwald JLdoi
10.1890/10-1994.1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-09-01 00:00:00pages
1736-47issue
9eissn
0012-9658issn
1939-9170journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ECOLOGY文献大全abstract::We investigated breeding bird communities of isolated woodlots (1.8-600 ha) in east-central Illinois during three summers (1979-1981) to compare the influence of area and habitat on community structure. Woodlots supported from 9 to 43 species and composition was relatively constant among years. Ecological generalists ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2307/1939864
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predators exert a strong influence on ecological communities by reducing the abundance of prey (consumptive effects) and shaping their foraging behavior (non-consumptive effects). Although the prevalence of trophic cascades triggered by non-consumptive effects is increasingly recognized in a wide range of ecosystems, ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2649
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Classical approaches for the analyses of density dependence assume that all the individuals in a population equally respond and equally contribute to density dependence. However, in age-structured populations, individuals of different ages may differ in their responses to changes in population size and how they contri...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1442
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abiotic soil properties, plant community composition, and herbivory all have been reported as important factors influencing the composition of soil communities. However, most studies thus far have considered these factors in isolation, whereas they strongly interact in the field. Here, we study how grazing by vertebra...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/09-0134.1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant traits are influenced by herbivore diet selection, but little is known about how traits are affected by different types of herbivores. We related eight traits of 27 subalpine shrub species in South Island, New Zealand, to damage of these shrubs by introduced red deer (Cervus elaphus) and native invertebrate herb...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/10-0861.1
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Factors controlling the spatial distribution of bacterial diversity have been intensely studied, whereas less is known about temporal changes. To address this, we tested whether the mechanisms that underlie bacterial temporal beta-diversity vary across different scales in three marine microbial communities. While seas...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-2125.1
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions between grazers and autotrophs are complex, including both top-down consumptive and bottom-up facilitative effects of grazers. Thus, in addition to consuming autotrophs, herbivores can also enhance autotroph biomass by recycling limiting nutrients, thereby increasing nutrient availability. Here, we evalua...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-2094.1
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphisms play critical roles in allowing organisms to adapt to novel environments while enabling ecological speciation under divergent selection. Ambystoma maculatum, the spotted salamander, exhibits a unique polymorphism in the structure and appearance of its egg masses with two common morphs, white and clear. A...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1789
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intrapopulation variation in habitat use is commonly seen among mobile animals, yet the mechanisms maintaining it have rarely been researched among untrackable species. To investigate how alternative life histories are maintained in a population of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), cumulative reproductive o...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-1588.1
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::River systems form dendritic ecological networks that influence the spatial structure of riverine communities. Few empirical studies have evaluated how regional, dispersal-related processes and local habitat factors interact to govern network patterns of species composition. We explore such interactions in a boreal wa...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-0552.1
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological theory suggests that pathogens will not cause host extinctions because agents of disease should fade out when the host population is driven below a threshold density. Nevertheless, infectious diseases have threatened species with extinction on local scales by maintaining high incidence and the ability ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-2257.1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monitoring to detect population declines is widespread, but also costly. There is, consequently, a need to optimize monitoring to maximize cost-effectiveness. Here we develop a quantitative decision analysis framework for how to optimally allocate resources for monitoring among species. By keeping the framework simple...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1511.1
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need to model and test hypotheses about complex ecological systems has led to a steady increase in use of path analytical techniques, which allow the modeling of multiple multivariate dependencies reflecting hypothesized causation and mechanisms. The aim is to achieve the estimation of direct, indirect, and total ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/11-1899.1
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the context of species distribution models, scrutiny arises from the choice of meaningful environmental predictors. Thermal conditions are not the sole driver, but are the most widely acknowledged abiotic driver of plant life within alpine ecosystems. We linked long-term measurements of direct, plant-relevant, ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2891
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obtaining reliable predictions of species range shifts under climate change is a crucial challenge for ecologists and stakeholders. At the continental scale, niche-based models have been widely used in the last 10 years to predict the potential impacts of climate change on species distributions all over the world, alt...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/08-0134.1
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is still debated whether alien plants benefit from being mycorrhizal, or if engaging in the symbiosis constrains their establishment and spread in new regions. We analyzed the association between mycorrhizal status of alien plant species in Germany and their invasion success. We compared whether the representation ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1621
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The introduction of chronic, infectious diseases by colonizing populations (invasive or reintroduced) is a serious hazard in conservation biology, threatening the original host and other spillover species. Most research on spatial invasion of diseases has pertained to established host populations, either at steady sta...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1215:damoid]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adaptive nature of sociality has long been a central question in ecology and evolution. However, the relative importance of social behavior for fitness, compared to morphology and environment, remains largely unknown. We assessed the importance of sociality for fitness (lamb production and survival) in a populatio...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1320.1
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil microbial communities have the metabolic and genetic capability to adapt to changing environmental conditions on very short time scales. In this paper we combine biogeochemical and molecular approaches to reveal this potential, showing that microbial biomass can turn over on time scales of days to months in soil,...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/06-0164
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Humans are implicated as a major driver of species extinctions from the Late Pleistocene to the present. However, our predictive understanding of human-caused extinction remains poor due to the restricted temporal and spatial scales at which this process is typically assessed, and the risks of bias due to "extinction ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2783
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals can be important in nutrient cycling in particular ecosystems, but few studies have examined how this importance varies along environmental gradients. In this study we quantified the nutrient cycling role of an abundant detritivorous fish species, the gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum), in reservoir ecosystems...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1696:ncbfsr]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ecosystems can undergo abrupt transitions between alternative stable states when the driver crosses a critical threshold. Dynamical systems theory shows that when ecosystems approach the point of loss of stability associated with these transitions, they take a long time to recover from perturbations, a phenomenon know...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2722
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the scale of marine population connectivity is critical for the conservation and sustainable management of marine resources. For many marine species adults are benthic and relatively immobile, so patterns of larval dispersal and recruitment provide the key to understanding marine population connectivity....
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0091.1
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed predation is an important biotic filter that can influence abundance and spatial distributions of native species through differential effects on recruitment. This filter may also influence the relative abundance of nonnative plants within habitats and the communities' susceptibility to invasion via differences in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/13-1774.1
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal habitat selection is a process that functions at multiple, hierarchically. structured spatial scales. Thus multi-scale analyses should be the basis for inferences about factors driving the habitat selection process. Vertebrate herbivores forage selectively on the basis of phytochemistry, but few studies have in...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/12-1313.1
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed dispersal fundamentally influences plant population and community dynamics but is difficult to quantify directly. Consequently, models are frequently used to describe the seed shadow (the seed deposition pattern of a plant population). For vertebrate-dispersed plants, animal behavior is known to influence seed sh...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[3160:iabisd]2.0.co;2
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The forage maturation hypothesis (FMH) states that herbivores should follow the onset of growth in spring to obtain access to forage of higher quality and quantity, the so-called "green wave surfing." Several studies have found correlative evidence in support of this by associating animal movement with plant phenology...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.1596
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the relative strength of evolution and the environment on a phenotype is required to predict species responses to environmental change and decide where to source plant material for ecological restoration. This information is critically needed for dominant species that largely determine the productivity of...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/14-1492.1
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The inherently multidimensional nature of the niche has not yet been integrated into the investigation of individual niche specialization within populations. We propose a framework for modeling the between- and within-individual components of the population niche as a set of variance-covariance matrices, which can be ...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ecy.2129
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coral reefs are highly complex ecological systems, where multiple processes interact across scales in space and time to create assemblages of exceptionally high biodiversity. Despite the increasing frequency of hierarchically structured sampling programs used in coral-reef science, little progress has been made in qua...
journal_title:Ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1890/07-0487.1
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00