Evolutionary and ecological correlates of early seedling morphology in East African trees and shrubs.

abstract：PREMISE:Understanding plant hydraulic functioning and water balance during drought has become key in predicting species survival and recovery. However, there are few insightful studies that couple physiological and morphological attributes for many ecosystems, such as the vulnerable Tropical Montane Cloud Forests (TMCF...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Berry ZC,Espejel X,Williams-Linera G,Asbjornsen H

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phenotype of maize plants that are homozygous recessive for the nuclear gene iojap is commonly an "anemic," grainy green appearance accompanied by white leaf stripes, white leaf margins, and reduced growth. In plants in which the iojap effect is occurring (homozygous ij/ij), we find affected tissue varies in exten...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Coe EH Jr,Thompson D,Walbot V

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A well-integrated plant shows extensive carbohydrate translocation through the plant body. Even in highly integrated plants, however, translocation patterns will be sectorial if vascular tissue restricts carbon movement to sectors along stems. Both integration and sectorial translocation patterns are sensitive to plan...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Preston KA

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Variation in seedling emergence timing is considered adaptive over the long term in wild populations, but early emergence can result in a fitness advantage. To explore the adaptive significance of seedling emergence timing, it should be studied under realistic conditions and in the context of other traits that ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mercer KL,Alexander HM,Snow AA

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the function of floral traits associated with buzz pollination through studies of Rhexia virginica (Melastomataceae) in the Muskoka region of Ontario, Canada. Controlled pollinations demonstrated that the species is self-compatible, but dependent on insects for pollen transfer. Bumble bees made 82 and 90% ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Larson BM,Barrett SC

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Astragalus sect. Humillimi is distributed across the southwestern United States and contains two endangered taxa, A. cremnophylax var. cremnophylax and A. humillimus. The former was originally described from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon. Analysis of individuals discovered on the North Rim of t...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Massatti R,Belus MT,Dowlatshahi S,Allan GJ

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Despite the efforts to understand the processes that shape neotropical biodiversity, the complexity of certain biomes, such as the Atlantic Forest (AF), prevents the generalization of patterns. Initially, ecological niche modeling (ENM), with phylogeographic studies, identified past stable areas in the central ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Aguiar-Melo C,Zanella CM,Goetze M,Palma-Silva C,Hirsch LD,Neves B,da Costa AF,Bered F

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Morphology and development of the female flowers in Geonoma interrupta are described and compared with other taxa within Arecaceae. Inflorescences are pleiothyrses. Cincinni are immersed in pits and arranged according to the Fibonacci pattern along the rachillae. The gynoecium is composed of three free carpels in earl...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Stauffer FW,Rutishauser R,Endress PK

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between simulated cotyledon herbivory and interspecific competition was studied in a greenhouse experiment using two species of trees, Acer rubrum and Quercus palustris, which commonly invade abandoned agricultural fields. Herbivory treatments were applied as a gradient of cotyledon removal for A. rubr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Meiners SJ,Handel SN

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Distylous species possess two floral morphs with reciprocal positioning of stigmas and anthers that is hypothesized to promote disassortative pollination. Theoretical models predict equal morph frequencies, but many populations depart from the expected 1:1 ratio, a pattern that often correlates with asymmetric ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Matias R,Pérez-Barrales R,Consolaro H

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an age of rapid global change, it is imperative that we continue to improve our understanding of factors that govern genetic differentiation in plants to inform biologically reasonable predictions for the future and enlighten conservation and restoration practices. In this special issue, we have assembled a set of ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Etterson JR,Schneider HE,Gorden NL,Weber JJ

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seeds are useful in distinguishing among extant genera of Vitaceae and provide a good basis for interpretation of fossil remains in reconstructing the evolutionary and phytogeographic history of this putatively basal Rosid family. Seeds of Ampelocissus s.l. including Pterisanthes and Nothocissus are distinguished from...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chen I,Manchester SR

更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In rainforests, trunk size, strength, crown position, and geometry of a tree affect light interception and the likelihood of mechanical failure. Allometric relationships of tree diameter, wood density, and crown architecture vs. height are described for a diverse range of rainforest trees in Brunei, northern Borneo. T...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Osunkoya OO,Omar-Ali K,Amit N,Dayan J,Daud DS,Sheng TK

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Virtually nothing is known about what actually happens during prolonged dormancy, the period during which significant proportions of geophyte populations do not sprout after seasonal dormancy but remain alive underground, to emerge again 1 or more years later. This study investigated the fate of pe...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Gregg KB

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:One explanation for the evolution of selfing, the drought escape hypothesis, proposes that self-fertilization may evolve under conditions of intensifying seasonal drought as part of a suite of traits that enable plants to accelerate the completion of their life cycle, thereby escaping late-season d...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Dudley LS,Hove AA,Emms SK,Verhoeven AS,Mazer SJ

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Despite the fast pace of exploration of the patterns and processes influencing Neotropical plant hyperdiversity, the taxa explored are mostly from large groups that are widely distributed, morphologically diverse, or economically important. Vochysiaceae is an example of an undersampled taxon, providing an excel...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Gonçalves DJP,Shimizu GH,Ortiz EM,Jansen RK,Simpson BB

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:It has been hypothesized that two flower types permit flexible allocation of resources to female and male functions, yet empirical evidence for the sex-allocation hypothesis remains scarce in gynomonoecious species. To characterize resource allocation to pistillate and perfect flowers and allocatio...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mamut J,Xiong YZ,Tan DY,Huang SQ

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The FAD2-1 microsomal omega-6 desaturase gene contains a large intron ( approximately 1133 bp [base pairs]) in the 5' untranslated region that may participate in gene regulation and, in GOSSYPIUM:, is evolving at an evolutionary rate useful for elucidating recently diverged lineages. FAD2-1 is single copy in diploid G...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Liu Q,Brubaker CL,Green AG,Marshall DR,Sharp PJ,Singh SP

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Although polyploidy has been studied since the early 1900s, fundamental aspects of polyploid ecology and evolution remain unexplored. In particular, surprisingly little is known about how newly formed polyploids (neopolyploids) become demographically established. Models predict that most polyploids should go ex...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Porturas LD,Segraves KA

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:• PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Polymorphic microsatellite primers were developed in the seagrass Halophila ovalis to investigate genetic variation. • METHODS AND RESULTS:Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed in Halophila ovalis. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12 across 80 H. ovalis i...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Xu NN,Yu S,Zhang JG,Tsang PK,Chen XY

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trichomanes intricatum, the sporophyte-less filmy fern of the eastern United States, has been considered to be a species whose sporophyte generation has become extinct or is possibly still present among the many species of Trichomanes s.l. in the new world tropics but unable to grow in a temperate climate. A close rel...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Ebihara A,Farrar DR,Ito M

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because leaf pubescence of the desert shrub Encelia farinosa increases in response to drought and influences photosynthesis and transpiration, we hypothesized that differences in water availability across the range of this species may result in genetic differentiation for pubescence and associated productivity traits....

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sandquist DR,Ehleringer JR

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Although our awareness of ploidy diversity has expanded with the application of flow cytometry, we still know little about the extent to which cytotypes within mixed-ploidy populations are genetically differentiated across environmental gradients. METHODS:To address this issue, we reared 14 popula...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Etterson JR,Toczydlowski RH,Winkler KJ,Kirschbaum JA,McAulay TS

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-distance transplantation of seed material as done in restoration programs has raised concerns about the risks associated with the introduction of maladapted genotypes that may hybridize with neighboring native conspecifics and decrease local population fitness (outbreeding depression). We studied the consequences...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Crémieux L,Bischoff A,Müller-Schärer H,Steinger T

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Robust markers are required (inter alia) for assessing origins of Calophyllum inophyllum populations on the Bonin Islands, Japan. Therefore, informative expressed sequence tag (EST)-based microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSRs) markers in the species were sought. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Setsuko S,Uchiyama K,Sugai K,Hanaoka S,Yoshimaru H

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:• PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Two ovulate conifer cones, one of which is attached terminally to a short leafy shoot, reveal the presence of a new species of Hughmillerites in the Early Cretaceous Apple Bay flora of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. This ancient conifer expands the diversity of Cupressace...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Atkinson BA,Rothwell GW,Stockey RA

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the possible effect of recent (1927-1995) increases in the concentration of atmospheric CO2 on the stomatal densities of leaves of a wide range of tree, shrub, and herb species (N = 60) by making new measurements for comparison with corresponding data reported by E. J. Salisbury in 1927--a time when ic...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Beerling D,Kelly C

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Survival and fecundity are basic components of demography and therefore have a strong influence on population dynamics. These two key parameters and their relationship are crucial to understand the evolution of life histories. It remains, however, to be empirically established how life span, fecundity, and population ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： García MB,Picó FX,Ehrlén J

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of microgravity on cellulose synthesis using the model system of Acetobacter xylinum was the subject of recent investigations using The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Reduced Gravity Laboratory, a modified KC-135 aircraft designed to produce 20 sec of microgravity during the top of a parabo...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Brown RM Jr,Kudlicka K,Cousins SK,Nagy R

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Taxonomic groups have often been recognized on the basis of geographic distinctions rather than accurately representing evolutionary relationships. This has been particularly true for temperate and tropical members from the same family. Polygonaceae exemplifies this problem, wherein th...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burke JM,Sanchez A,Kron K,Luckow M

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00