New insights into the phylogenetic relationships, character evolution, and phytogeographic patterns of Calceolaria (Calceolariaceae).

abstract：:Caryophyllaceae is a principally holarctic family including around 2200 species often classified into the three subfamilies Alsinoideae, Caryophylloideae, and Paronychioideae. Complex and possibly homoplasious morphological characters within the family make taxa difficult to delimit and diagnose. To explore part of th...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Fior S,Karis PO,Casazza G,Minuto L,Sala F

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Within the Hypnales-the most derived and species-rich order of pleurocarpous mosses - phylogenies at or below the family level often show poor resolution. In preparation for a phylogeny of the genus Plagiothecium, we wished to identify the DNA markers best suited for evolutionary reconstruction in ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Wynns JT,Lange CB

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developmental and physiological studies of roots are frequently limited to a post-germination stage. In Arabidopsis, a developmental change in the root meristem architecture during plant ontogenesis has not previously been studied and is addressed presently. Arabidopsis thaliana have closed root apical organization, i...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Baum SF,Dubrovsky JG,Rost TL

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:A key question in evolutionary biology is why some clades are more successful by being widespread geographically, biome diverse, or species-rich. To extend understanding of how shifts in area, biomes, and pollinators impact diversification in plants, we examined the relationships of these shifts to...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Kriebel R,Drew BT,Drummond CP,González-Gallegos JG,Celep F,Mahdjoub MM,Rose JP,Xiang CL,Hu GX,Walker JB,Lemmon EM,Lemmon AR,Sytsma KJ

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deciphering species relationships and hybrid origins in polyploid agamic species complexes is notoriously difficult. In this study of cheilanthoid ferns, we demonstrate increased resolving power for clarifying the origins of polyploid lineages by integrating evidence from a diverse selection of biosystematic methods. ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Grusz AL,Windham MD,Pryer KM

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The perennial feather moss Hylocomium splendens is one of the most widely distributed and common bryophytes in the Northern Hemisphere and has, because of its capacity to grow under a wide range of environmental conditions, been used as a biomonitor for atmospheric metal deposition in Europe. METH...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Vik U,Halvorsen R,Ohlson M,Rydgren K,Carlsen T,Korpelainen H,Kauserud H

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Giant cacti species possess long cylindrical stems that store massive amounts of water and other resources to draw on for photosynthesis, growth, and reproduction during hot and dry conditions. Across all giant cacti taxa, stem photosynthetic surface area to volume ratio (S:V) varies by several fol...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Huber J,Dettman DL,Williams DG,Hultine KR

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The balance between clonal and sexual reproduction can vary widely among plant populations, and the extent of clonality may be influenced by the combined effects of historical land use and variation in environmental conditions. We investigated patterns of clonal spread in five Trillium cuneatum populations, two in the...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Gonzales E,Hamrick JL,Smouse PE

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent discoveries of fossil reproductive structures from deposits of the Raritan Formation in New Jersey (Turonian, Upper Cretaceous, ~90 million years BP) include a previously undescribed representative of the Order Capparales. The fossils are usually charcoalified with three-dimensional structure and excellent anat...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Gandolfo M,Nixon K,Crepet W

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Propagule banks are assumed to be able to store considerable genetic variability. Bryophyte populations are expected to rely more heavily on stored propagules than those of seed plants due to the vulnerability of the haploid gametophyte. This reliance has important implications for the genetic structure and evolutiona...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hock Z,Szövényi P,Schneller JJ,Tóth Z,Urmi E

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent surveys of seed coat morphology in Lobelioideae (Campanulaceae) have demonstrated the systematic utility of such data in the subfamily and led to a revision of the supraspecific classification of Lobelia. Expanding upon these studies, we examined via scanning electron microscopy 41 seed accessions, emphasizing ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Buss CC,Lammers TG,Wise RR

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Hyperaccumulation of heavy metals in plants has never been documented from Central America or Mexico. Psychotria grandis, P. costivenia, and P. glomerata (Rubiaceae) have been reported to hyperaccumulate nickel in the Greater Antilles, but they also occur widely across the neotropics. The goals of this research...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： McCartha GL,Taylor CM,van der Ent A,Echevarria G,Navarrete Gutiérrez DM,Pollard AJ

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Many ecological and evolutionary processes shape the assembly of organisms into local communities from a regional pool of species. We analyzed phylogenetic and functional diversity to understand community assembly of the ferns of Florida at two spatial scales. METHODS:We built a phylogeny for 125 ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sessa EB,Chambers SM,Li D,Trotta L,Endara L,Burleigh JG,Baiser B

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Up to 22% of plant species are the result of breeding among species-hybridization-directly conflicting with the prediction that hybrids, compared to parental species, are intermediate in character and of low fitness and little consequence. Few studies, however, have compared the fitness of hybrids and parental species...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Tierney DA,Wardle GM

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Spiny pollen has evolved independently in multiple entomophilous lineages. Sexual selection may act on exine traits that facilitate male mating success by influencing the transfer of pollen from the anther to the body of the pollinator, while natural selection acts to increase pollen survival. We postulated tha...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lynn A,Piotter E,Harrison E,Galen C

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Specific leaf area (SLA) is a critical component of the leaf economics spectrum, and many functional leaf traits have been empirically demonstrated to covary with SLA. However, a complete understanding of how change in leaf size influences SLA has not yet emerged. • METHODS:To help de...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Price CA,Weitz JS

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:We developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for Callitris columellaris sensu lato (s.l.) to elucidate population genetic structure and detect outlier loci by genome scan. METHODS AND RESULTS:mRNA from an individual seedling was subjected to cDNA synthesis ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sakaguchi S,Uchiyama K,Ueno S,Ujino-Ihara T,Tsumura Y,Prior LD,Bowman DM,Crisp MD,Isagi Y

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The classification of the genus Salix has historically been intrinsically difficult due to its propensity toward plasticity and high variation in diagnostic morphological characters. We investigated leaf epidermal characteristics, focusing on the stomatal apparatus because it may provide critical i...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Ghahremaninejad F,Khalili Z,Maassoumi AA,Mirzaie-Nodoushan H,Riahi M

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the relationship between the altitudinal distribution of Quercus laceyi and Q. sideroxyla and their physiological responses to drought, we measured relative water content (RWC), water potentials (Ψ(predawn) and Ψ(midday)), photosynthesis (A(max)), stomatal conductance (g), chlorophyll fluorescence (F(v)...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Poulos HM,Goodale UM,Berlyn GP

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The micromorphology of pits in tracheary elements was examined in 35 species representing 29 genera of Rosaceae and related families to evaluate the assumption that angiosperm pits are largely invariant. In most Rosaceae, pit membranes between fibers and tracheids frequently appear to have amorphous thickenings with a...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Jansen S,Sano Y,Choat B,Rabaey D,Lens F,Dute RR

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Floral organogenesis and development of the tropical legume trees Haematoxylum campechianum (logwood) and H. brasiletto (brazilwood) were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The aims were to compare ontogenies, and to elucidate the relationships of Haematoxylum with other genera of Caesalpinieae, the basal tri...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Tucker S,Kantz K

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Discovery of cupulate ovules of Doylea tetrahedrasperma within a compact, compound seed cone highlights the rich diversity of fructification morphologies, pollination biologies, postpollination enclosure of seeds, and systematic diversity of Early Cretaceous gymnosperms. METHODS:Specimens were stu...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Rothwell GW,Stockey RA

更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The utility of the PCR-based AFLP technique (polymerase chain reaction; amplified fragment length polymorphisms) was explored in elucidating details of polyploid evolution in the Eurasian orchid genus Dactylorhiza. We emphasized Swedish taxa but also included some material from the British Isles and elsewhere in Europ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hedrén M,Fay MF,Chase MW

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Very little is known regarding how repetitive elements evolve inpolyploid organisms. Here we address this subject by fluorescent insitu hybridization (FISH) of 20 interspersed repetitive elements tometaphase chromosomes of the cotton AD-genome tetraploid Gossypiumhirsutum and its putative A- and D-genome diploid ances...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Hanson R,Zhao XP,Islam-Faridi MN,Paterson A,Zwick M,Crane C,McKnight T,Stelly D,Price HJ

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Despite being highly fertile and occupying a large geographic region, the North American heartleaf bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia; Brassicaceae) has a puzzling triploid-like chromosome number (2n = 3x = 24). As most triploids are sterile, we embarked on a detailed analysis of the C. cordifolia g...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Mandáková T,Gloss AD,Whiteman NK,Lysak MA

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prior field studies have shown that populations of forest herbs on relatively nutrient poor soils have higher vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) infection intensity than plants on rich soils. However, the growth responses and ability to take up P against the soil nutrient gradient are often not linearly related to...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Boerner REJ

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Geographic patterns of biodiversity have long inspired interest in processes that shape the assembly, diversity, and dynamics of communities at different spatial scales. To study mechanisms of community assembly, ecologists often compare spatial variation in community composition (beta-diversity) a...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burkle LA,Myers JA,Belote RT

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Most plants interact with mycorrhizal fungi and animal pollinators simultaneously. Yet, whether mycorrhizae affect traits important to pollination remains poorly understood and may depend on the match between host and fungal genotypes. Here, we examined how ericoid mycorrhizal fungi affected flowering phenology...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Brody AK,Waterman B,Ricketts TH,Degrassi AL,González JB,Harris JM,Richardson LL

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a detailed analysis of how limited seed dispersal can create spatial structuring of genetic variation, several nuclear microsatellites were assayed in seedlings from two forests of Pinus strobus, one old growth (OG) and the other (second site, SS) logged in ca. 1900. By using loci with a large number of alleles and...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Walter R,Epperson BK

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF STUDY:Sequence analyses for Pinaceae have suggested that extant genera diverged in the late Mesozoic. While the fossil record indicates that Pinaceae was highly diverse during the Cretaceous, there are few records of living genera. This description of an anatomically preserved seed cone extends the fossil re...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Klymiuk AA,Stockey RA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00