Alterations in pelvic floor muscles and pelvic organ support by pregnancy and vaginal delivery in squirrel monkeys.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS:The objective of this study was to measure the effects of pregnancy and parturition on pelvic floor muscles and pelvic organ support. METHODS:Levator ani, obturator internus, and coccygeus (COC) muscle volumes and contrast uptake were assessed by MRI of seven females prior to pregnancy, 3 days, and 4 months postpartum. Bladder neck and cervix position were measured dynamically with abdominal squeezing. RESULTS:The sides of three paired muscles were similar (p > 0.66). COC volumes were greater (p < 0.004) after parturition than before pregnancy or after recovery. COC contrast uptake increased (p < 0.02) immediately after delivery. Bladder neck position both in the relaxed state and abdominal pressure descended (p < 0.04) after delivery and descended further (p < 0.001) after recovery. Cervical position in the relaxed state before delivery was higher (p < 0.001) than postpartum but was unchanged (p = 0.50) with abdominal pressure relative to delivery. CONCLUSION:In squirrel monkeys, coccygeus muscles demonstrate the greatest change related to parturition, and parturition-related bladder neck descent seems permanent.

journal_name

Int Urogynecol J

authors

Bracken JN,Reyes M,Gendron JM,Pierce LM,Runge VM,Kuehl TJ

doi

10.1007/s00192-011-1443-y

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-09-01 00:00:00

pages

1109-16

issue

9

eissn

0937-3462

issn

1433-3023

journal_volume

22

pub_type

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