Abstract:
:Health management programmes are generally evaluated as point treatment studies in which only a baseline and outcome measurement are used in the analysis, even when multiple observations for each individual are available. By summarizing observations into two distinct measurements the evaluator loses any ability to discern patterns of change in the outcome variable over time in relation to the intervention. There are several statistical models available to evaluate longitudinal data that are typically regression-like in form and designed to adjust for clustering at the individual level. Most evaluators of longitudinal studies tend to adjust for the effect of time-dependent confounding by including these covariates as independent variables in the model. However, this standard adjustment approach is likely to provide biased estimates. In this paper we describe the application of the propensity score-based weighting technique to longitudinal data to estimate the effect of treatment on an outcome. This method reweights each treatment pattern to represent the entire population at each time point and provides an unbiased treatment effect. We illustrate the technique using data from a disease management programme and demonstrate its superiority over standard analytical adjustments in correcting for time-dependent confounding for each time period under study.
journal_name
J Eval Clin Practjournal_title
Journal of evaluation in clinical practiceauthors
Linden A,Adams JLdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2753.2009.01361.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
180-5issue
1eissn
1356-1294issn
1365-2753pii
JEP1361journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:We report findings from a qualitative study to identify patient views of community hospital care. We consider how far these were in accord with the hospital staffs' views. This constituted part of a wider randomized controlled trial (RCT). The methodological challenges in seeking to identify patient...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00653.x
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Unattended home sleep studies have been implemented to minimize the cost and delay in establishing obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) diagnosis and therapy. However, their accuracy and validity remain disputed. The purpose of our study is to assess their effectiveness (i.e. their technical reliability ...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01365.x
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:A clinical practice guideline for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was implemented in all Veterans Health Administration (VHA) hospitals in the US. The aim of the current analyses is to describe current adherence rates and the organizational factors related to provider adheren...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2005.00541.x
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim was to determine whether there are differences among family physicians (FPs) and general practitioners (GPs) in terms of their preference for different classes of antihypertensives, either alone or in combinations, in uncomplicated cases of hypertension and to determine the extent of adherence to WHO/ISH guide...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2753.2002.00370.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Self-assessed health (SAH) status is a very simple four-, or five-category self-reported measure of health status that has been shown to be a powerful predictor of mortality, service use and total cost of medical care treatment. It is therefore reasonable to suggest that pre-intervention SAH may influence the...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2005.00563.x
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Efforts to implement evidence-based medicine (EBM) training in developing countries are limited. We describe the results of an international effort to improve research capacity in a developing country; we conducted a course aimed at improving basic EBM attitudes and identified challenges....
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01635.x
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To discuss the usefulness of health care information technology (HIT) in assisting care providers minimize uncertainty while simultaneously increasing efficiency of the care provided. STUDY DESIGN:An ongoing study of HIT, performance measurement (clinical and production efficiency) and their implications to ...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01483.x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate control of blood pressure (BP) and diabetes and the associated risk factors in diabetic hypertensives treated by diabetic clinic primary care physicians. METHODS:A retrospective analysis of the medical records of diabetic hypertensives from six primary care diabetic clinics in Bahrain. RESULTS:T...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2005.00511.x
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outcomes assessment holds great promise to improve the quality and efficiency of health care. By subjecting practices to rigorous and systematic analysis, we should be in a position to make judgments about what does and does not work in clinical practice. However, the outcomes of outcomes assessment themselves should ...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.1998.tb00098.x
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES:Drug-related morbidity is common, which results in suffering for the patients and a high cost to society. SÄKLÄK2 is a multi-professional intervention model aiming at improving drug safety in primary health care. The objective of this study was to elucidate the perceptions of the partici...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jep.13195
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare glycaemic control, as reflected in the A1c level, of diabetic patients with primary care vs. with specialist care. METHODS:The study used administrative data from eastern Ontario, Canada, and a database containing the results of all A1c tests from this region between 1 September 1999 and 1 Septemb...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2005.00582.x
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:We developed a novel Internet-based blended learning programme that allows busy health care professionals to attain core competency in clinical research. This study details the educational strategies and learning outcomes of the programme. METHOD:This study was conducted at Kyoto Univers...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01808.x
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacoeconomic evaluations are often based on computer models which simulate the course of disease with and without medical interventions. The purpose of this study is to propose and illustrate a rigorous approach for validating such disease models. For illustrative purposes, we applied this approach to a computer-b...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2753.1999.00174.x
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES:Little attention has been given to perceptions of pharmacist availability and role in the community setting following policy changes. The Pakistani model is particularly interesting as it encompasses three different pharmacy practice licensure types with major differences in credentials,...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jep.13405
更新日期:2020-04-22 00:00:00
abstract::Often, when conducting programme evaluations or studying the effects of policy changes, researchers may only have access to aggregated time series data, presented as observations spanning both the pre- and post-intervention periods. The most basic analytic model using these data requires only a single group and models...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01504.x
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Smoking during pregnancy can cause several maternal and neonatal health risks, yet a considerable number of pregnant women continue to smoke. The objectives of this study were to test the factorial structure, validity and reliability of the Dutch version of the Modified Reasons for Smokin...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jep.12500
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Central Research and Development Committee is seeking to involve lay perspectives in the NHS R&D Programme. This paper describes some recent examples of lay involvement in each step of the research process from setting the agenda to making use of research findings. Innovative approaches have involved lay people in...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.1996.tb00057.x
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tough but constructive criticisms of evidence-based medicine (EBM) have without doubt informed the evolution and serial reconstitutions of this approach to clinical decision making and behaviour. Yet, concerns about EBM persist and as EBM changes in response to reflection and criticism, so too do the criticisms themse...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00617.x
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) are associated with substantial burden in adults (≥50 years). Moreover, adults with vascular, metabolic or respiratory diseases have been shown to have a 3-6 times higher risk of IPD when compared with their healthy controls. These persons at higher ri...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jep.12131
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The notion of stigma and its influence on the understanding of dementia has commonly been recognized as a great challenge to seeking healthcare services for South Asians in England. The aim of this commentary is to examine how Muslims view, understand and tackle dementia stigma in the context of revivalist Islam, espe...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jep.13412
更新日期:2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Adolescent Drug Abuse Diagnosis (ADAD) and Health of Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA) are both measures of outcome for adolescent mental health services. AIMS:To compare the ADAD with HoNOSCA; to examine their clinical usefulness. METHODS:Comparison of the ADAD and HoNOSCA o...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00654.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:The prevailing view on implementation interventions to improve the organization and management of health care is that the interventions should be tailored to potential barriers. Ideally, possible barriers are analysed before the quality improvement interventions are developed to influence...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00660.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The patient-centred medical home (PCMH) is an important part of health care reform. While there is hope, the PCMH model can facilitate the provision of higher quality care, the extent to which organizational climate within the PCMH supports the implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) is unknown. ...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jep.13050
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the evidence for tai chi in reducing resting blood pressure (BP) in the elderly. METHODS:Databases were searched up to February 2009. All randomized clinical trials (RCTs) testing the effects of tai chi on resting BP in the elderly were considered. The selection of studies, data extraction and val...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2009.01210.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:This paper reports an initiative which promoted evidence-based practice in pressure risk assessment and management among home nursing clients in Melbourne, Australia. AIM AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate the introduction and uptake of the Australian Wound Management Association Guidelines...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2012.01870.x
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To measure the impact of French national consensus guidelines on the clinical practices of primary care paediatricians and general practitioners. DESIGN:Non-randomized intervention study, with a first survey 1 year before the consensus development conference and a second survey 1 year after. INTERVENTION:Implemen...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2007.00781.x
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:This paper is the third of three related papers exploring the ways in which the principles of Learning Organizations (LOs) could be applied in Primary Care settings at the point of service delivery. METHODS:Here we provide a systematic literature review of contextual factors that either ...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2004.00466.x
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Development of chronic disease risk prediction models has become a growing area of research in recent years. The internal validity of such models is sometimes lower than estimated from the development sample. Overfitting or overoptimism of the developed model and/or differences between the samples are likely...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2753.2012.01834.x
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Performance indicators for healthcare organizations represent a strategy for accountability worldwide. A universal approach to either the design for indicators or their applicability to local needs remains a work in progress. The Maryland Hospital Association's Quality Indicator Project (QIP) is the only indicator-bas...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2753.2003.00374.x
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to present a short history of the Critical Care Research Network (CCR-Net), describe its approach to health services research and to summarize completed and current research projects. In doing this, we explored the question is this research network accomplishing its goals? We reviewed...
journal_title:Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2753.2000.00214.x
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00